2 Tawarikh 22:1--24:27
Konteks22:1 The residents of Jerusalem 1 made his youngest son Ahaziah king in his place, for the raiding party that invaded the city with the Arabs had killed all the older sons. 2 So Ahaziah son of Jehoram became king of Judah. 22:2 Ahaziah was twenty-two 3 years old when he became king and he reigned for one year in Jerusalem. His mother was Athaliah, the granddaughter 4 of Omri. 22:3 He followed in the footsteps of Ahab’s dynasty, 5 for his mother gave him evil advice. 6 22:4 He did evil in the sight of 7 the Lord like Ahab’s dynasty because, after his father’s death, they 8 gave him advice that led to his destruction. 22:5 He followed their advice and joined Ahab’s son King Joram 9 of Israel in a battle against King Hazael of Syria 10 at Ramoth Gilead in which the Syrians defeated Joram. 22:6 Joram 11 returned to Jezreel to recover from the wounds he received from the Syrians 12 in Ramah when he fought against King Hazael of Syria. Ahaziah 13 son of King Jehoram of Judah went down to visit Joram son of Ahab in Jezreel, because he had been wounded. 14
22:7 God brought about Ahaziah’s downfall through his visit to Joram. 15 When Ahaziah 16 arrived, he went out with Joram to meet Jehu son of Nimshi, whom the Lord had commissioned 17 to wipe out Ahab’s family. 18 22:8 While Jehu was dishing out punishment to Ahab’s family, he discovered the officials of Judah and the sons of Ahaziah’s relatives who were serving Ahaziah and killed them. 22:9 He looked for Ahaziah, who was captured while hiding in Samaria. 19 They brought him to Jehu and then executed him. They did give him a burial, for they reasoned, 20 “He is the son of Jehoshaphat, who sought the Lord with his whole heart.” There was no one in Ahaziah’s family strong enough to rule in his place. 21
22:10 When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she was determined to destroy the entire royal line 22 of Judah. 23 22:11 So Jehoshabeath, 24 the daughter of King Jehoram, 25 took Ahaziah’s son Joash and sneaked him away 26 from the rest of the royal descendants who were to be executed. She hid him and his nurse in the room where the bed covers were stored. So Jehoshabeath the daughter of King Jehoram, wife of Jehoiada the priest and sister of Ahaziah, hid him from Athaliah so she could not execute him. 22:12 He remained in hiding in God’s temple 27 for six years, while Athaliah was ruling over the land.
23:1 In the seventh year Jehoiada made a bold move. He made a pact 28 with the officers of the units of hundreds: Azariah son of Jehoram, Ishmael son of Jehochanan, Azariah son of Obed, Maaseiah son of Adaiah, and Elishaphat son of Zikri. 23:2 They traveled throughout Judah and assembled the Levites from all the cities of Judah, as well as the Israelite family leaders.
They came to Jerusalem, 29 23:3 and the whole assembly made a covenant with the king in the temple of God. Jehoiada 30 said to them, “The king’s son will rule, just as the Lord promised David’s descendants. 23:4 This is what you must do. One third of you priests and Levites who are on duty during the Sabbath will guard the doors. 23:5 Another third of you will be stationed at the royal palace and still another third at the Foundation Gate. All the others 31 will stand in the courtyards of the Lord’s temple. 23:6 No one must enter the Lord’s temple except the priests and Levites who are on duty. They may enter because they are ceremonially pure. All the others should carry out their assigned service to the Lord. 23:7 The Levites must surround the king. Each of you must hold his weapon in his hand. Whoever tries to enter the temple 32 must be killed. You must accompany the king wherever he goes.” 33
23:8 The Levites and all the men of Judah 34 did just as Jehoiada the priest ordered. Each of them took his men, those who were on duty during the Sabbath as well as those who were off duty on the Sabbath. Jehoiada the priest did not release his divisions from their duties. 23:9 Jehoiada the priest gave to the officers of the units of hundreds King David’s spears and shields 35 that were kept in God’s temple. 23:10 He placed the men at their posts, each holding his weapon in his hand. They lined up from the south side of the temple to the north side and stood near the altar and the temple, surrounding the king. 36 23:11 Jehoiada and his sons led out the king’s son and placed on him the crown and the royal insignia. 37 They proclaimed him king and poured olive oil on his head. 38 They declared, “Long live the king!”
23:12 When Athaliah heard the royal guard 39 shouting and praising the king, she joined the crowd 40 at the Lord’s temple. 23:13 Then she saw 41 the king standing by his pillar at the entrance. The officers and trumpeters stood beside the king and all the people of the land were celebrating and blowing trumpets, and the musicians with various instruments were leading the celebration. Athaliah tore her clothes and yelled, “Treason! Treason!” 42 23:14 Jehoiada the priest sent out the officers of the units of hundreds, who were in charge of the army, and ordered them, “Bring her outside the temple to the guards. 43 Put the sword to anyone who follows her.” The priest gave this order because he had decided she should not be executed in the Lord’s temple. 44 23:15 They seized her and took her into the precincts of the royal palace through the horses’ entrance. 45 There they executed her.
23:16 Jehoiada then drew up a covenant stipulating that he, all the people, and the king should be loyal to the Lord. 46 23:17 All the people went and demolished 47 the temple of Baal. They smashed its altars and idols. 48 They killed Mattan the priest of Baal in front of the altars. 23:18 Jehoiada then assigned the duties of the Lord’s temple to the priests, the Levites whom David had assigned to the Lord’s temple. They were responsible for offering burnt sacrifices to the Lord with joy and music, according to 49 the law of Moses and the edict of David. 23:19 He posted guards at the gates of the Lord’s temple, so no one who was ceremonially unclean in any way could enter. 23:20 He summoned 50 the officers of the units of hundreds, the nobles, the rulers of the people, and all the people of land, and he then led the king down from the Lord’s temple. They entered the royal palace through the Upper Gate and seated the king on the royal throne. 23:21 All the people of the land celebrated, for the city had rest now that they had killed Athaliah. 51
24:1 Joash was seven years old when he began to reign. He reigned for forty years in Jerusalem. 52 His mother was Zibiah, who was from Beer Sheba. 24:2 Joash did what the Lord approved 53 throughout the lifetime 54 of Jehoiada the priest. 24:3 Jehoiada chose two wives for him who gave him sons and daughters.
24:4 Joash was determined to repair the Lord’s temple. 55 24:5 He assembled the priests and Levites and ordered them, “Go out to the cities of Judah and collect the annual quota of silver from all Israel for repairs on the temple of your God. Be quick about it!” But the Levites delayed.
24:6 So the king summoned Jehoiada the chief priest, 56 and said to him, “Why have you not made 57 the Levites collect 58 from Judah and Jerusalem the tax authorized by Moses the Lord’s servant and by the assembly of Israel at the tent containing the tablets of the law?” 59 24:7 (Wicked Athaliah and her sons had broken into God’s temple and used all the holy items of the Lord’s temple in their worship of the Baals.) 24:8 The king ordered a chest to be made and placed outside the gate of the Lord’s temple. 60 24:9 An edict was sent throughout Judah and Jerusalem requiring the people to bring to the Lord the tax that Moses, God’s servant, imposed on Israel in the wilderness. 61 24:10 All the officials and all the people gladly brought their silver and threw it into the chest until it was full. 24:11 Whenever the Levites brought the chest to the royal accountant and they saw there was a lot of silver, the royal scribe and the accountant of the high priest emptied the chest and then took it back to its place. They went through this routine every day and collected a large amount of silver.
24:12 The king and Jehoiada gave it to the construction foremen 62 assigned to the Lord’s temple. They hired carpenters and craftsmen to repair the Lord’s temple, as well as those skilled in working with iron and bronze to restore the Lord’s temple. 24:13 They worked hard and made the repairs. 63 They followed the measurements specified for God’s temple and restored it. 64 24:14 When they were finished, they brought the rest of the silver to the king and Jehoiada. They used it to make items for the Lord’s temple, including items used in the temple service and for burnt sacrifices, pans, and various other gold and silver items. Throughout Jehoiada’s lifetime, burnt sacrifices were offered regularly in the Lord’s temple.
24:15 Jehoiada grew old and died at the age of 130. 65 24:16 He was buried in the City of David 66 with the kings, because he had accomplished good in Israel and for God and his temple.
24:17 After Jehoiada died, the officials of Judah visited the king and declared their loyalty to him. 67 The king listened to their advice. 68 24:18 They abandoned the temple of the Lord God of their ancestors, 69 and worshiped 70 the Asherah poles and idols. Because of this sinful activity, God was angry with Judah and Jerusalem. 24:19 The Lord sent prophets among them to lead them back to him. 71 They warned 72 the people, but they would not pay attention. 24:20 God’s Spirit energized 73 Zechariah son of Jehoiada the priest. He stood up before the people and said to them, “This is what God says: ‘Why are you violating the commands of the Lord? You will not be prosperous! Because you have rejected the Lord, he has rejected you!’” 24:21 They plotted against him and by royal decree stoned him to death in the courtyard of the Lord’s temple. 24:22 King Joash disregarded 74 the loyalty his father Jehoiada had shown him and killed Jehoiada’s 75 son. As Zechariah 76 was dying, he said, “May the Lord take notice and seek vengeance!” 77
24:23 At the beginning 78 of the year the Syrian army attacked 79 Joash 80 and invaded Judah and Jerusalem. They wiped out all the leaders of the people and sent all the plunder they gathered to the king of Damascus. 24:24 Even though the invading Syrian army was relatively weak, the Lord handed over to them Judah’s very large army, 81 for the people of Judah 82 had abandoned the Lord God of their ancestors. The Syrians 83 gave Joash what he deserved. 84 24:25 When they withdrew, they left Joash 85 badly wounded. His servants plotted against him because of what he had done to 86 the son 87 of Jehoiada the priest. They murdered him on his bed. Thus 88 he died and was buried in the City of David, 89 but not in the tombs of the kings. 24:26 The conspirators were Zabad son of Shimeath (an Ammonite woman) and Jehozabad son of Shimrith (a Moabite woman).
24:27 The list of Joash’s 90 sons, the many prophetic oracles pertaining to him, and the account of his building project on God’s temple are included in the record of the Scroll of the Kings. 91 His son Amaziah replaced him as king.
[22:1] 1 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[22:1] 2 tn Heb “for all the older [ones] the raiding party that came with the Arabs to the camp had killed.”
[22:2] 3 tc Heb “forty-two,” but the parallel passage in 2 Kgs 8:26 reads “twenty-two” along with some
[22:2] 4 tn The Hebrew term בַּת (bat, “daughter”) can refer, as here, to a granddaughter. See HALOT 165-66 s.v. I בַּת 1.
[22:3] 5 tn Heb “and also he walked in the ways of the house of Ahab.”
[22:3] 6 tn Heb “for his mother was his adviser to do evil.”
[22:4] 7 tn Heb “in the eyes of.”
[22:4] 8 tn That is, the members of Ahab’s royal house.
[22:5] 9 sn Jehoram and Joram are alternate spellings of the Israelite king’s name (also in vv. 6-7). The shorter form is used in these verse to avoid confusion with King Jehoram of Judah, father of Azariah.
[22:5] 10 tn Heb “Aram” (also in v. 6).
[22:6] 11 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joram) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[22:6] 12 tn Heb “which the Syrians inflicted [on] him.”
[22:6] 13 tc Most Hebrew
[22:6] 14 tn Heb “because he was sick,” presumably referring to the wounds he received in the battle with the Syrians.
[22:7] 15 tn Heb “From God was the downfall of Ahaziah by going to Joram.”
[22:7] 16 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Ahaziah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[22:7] 18 tn Heb “to cut off the house of Ahab.”
[22:9] 19 map For location see Map2 B1; Map4 D3; Map5 E2; Map6 A4; Map7 C1.
[22:9] 21 tn Heb “and there was no one belonging to the house of Ahaziah to retain strength for kingship.”
[22:10] 22 tn Heb “she arose and she destroyed all the royal offspring.” The verb קוּם (qum, “arise”) is here used in an auxiliary sense to indicate that she embarked on a campaign to destroy the royal offspring. See M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 125.
[22:10] 23 tn Heb “house of Judah.”
[22:11] 24 sn Jehoshabeath is a variant spelling of the name Jehosheba (2 Kgs 11:2).
[22:11] 25 tn Heb “the king”; the referent (King Jehoram, see later in this verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[22:12] 27 tn Heb “and he was with them in the house of God hiding.”
[23:2] 29 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[23:3] 30 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jehoiada the priest, cf. v. 8) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[23:5] 31 tn Heb “all the people.”
[23:7] 33 tn Heb “and be with the king in his coming out and in his going out.”
[23:8] 34 tn Heb “all Judah.” The words “the men of” are supplied in the translation for clarity. The Hebrew text uses the name “Judah” by metonymy for the men of Judah.
[23:9] 35 tn The Hebrew text lists two different types of shields here. Most translations render “the large and small shields” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV; NEB “King David’s spears, shields, and bucklers”).
[23:10] 36 tn Heb “and he stationed all the people, each with his weapon in his hand, from the south shoulder of the house to the north shoulder of the house, at the altar and at the house, near the king all around.”
[23:11] 37 tn The Hebrew word עֵדוּת (’edut) normally means “witness” or “testimony.” Here it probably refers to some tangible symbol of kingship, perhaps a piece of jewelry such as an amulet or neck chain (see the discussion in M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings [AB], 128). Some suggest that a document is in view, perhaps a copy of the royal protocol or of the stipulations of the Davidic covenant (see HALOT 790-91 s.v.).
[23:11] 38 tn Or “they made him king and anointed him.”
[23:12] 39 tn Heb “and Athaliah heard the sound of the people, the runners.”
[23:12] 40 tn Heb “she came to the people.”
[23:13] 41 tn Heb “and she saw, and behold.”
[23:13] 42 tn Or “Conspiracy! Conspiracy!”
[23:14] 44 tn Heb “for the priest had said, ‘Do not put her to death in the house of the
[23:15] 45 tn Heb “and they placed hands on her, and she went through the entrance of the gate of the horses [into] the house of the king.” Some English versions treat the phrase “gate of the horses” as the name of the gate (“the Horse Gate”; e.g., NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
[23:16] 46 tn Heb “and Jehoiada made a covenant between himself and [between] all the people and [between] the king, to become a people for the
[23:18] 49 tn Heb “as it is written in.”
[23:21] 51 tn Heb “killed Athaliah with the sword.”
[24:1] 52 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[24:2] 53 tn Heb “and Joash did what was proper in the eyes of the
[24:2] 54 tn Heb “all the days of.”
[24:4] 55 tn Heb “and it was, later, there was with the heart of Joash to repair the house of the
[24:6] 56 tn Heb “Jehoiada the head”; the word “priest” not in the Hebrew text but is implied.
[24:6] 59 tn Heb “the tent of testimony.”
[24:8] 60 tn Heb “and the king said [it] and they made a chest and placed it in the gate of the house of the
[24:9] 61 tn Heb “and they gave voice in Judah and Jerusalem to bring to the
[24:12] 62 tn Heb “doers of the work.”
[24:13] 63 tn Heb “and the doers of the work worked, and the repairs went up for the work by their hand.”
[24:13] 64 tn Heb “and they caused the house of God to stand according to its measurements and they strengthened it.”
[24:15] 65 tn Heb “and Jehoiada grew old and was full of days and died; [he was] one hundred thirty years old when he died.”
[24:16] 66 sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.
[24:17] 67 tn Heb “came and bowed down to the king.”
[24:18] 69 tn Heb “fathers” (also in v. 24).
[24:19] 71 tn Heb “and he sent among them prophets to bring them back to the
[24:19] 72 tn Heb “testified among.”
[24:22] 74 tn Heb “did not remember.”
[24:22] 75 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Jehoiada) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:22] 76 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Zechariah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:22] 77 tn Heb “and seek [ – ].” The direct object of “seek” is omitted in the Hebrew text but implied; “vengeance” is supplied for clarification.
[24:23] 79 tn Heb “went up against.”
[24:23] 80 tn Heb “him”; the referent (Joash) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:24] 81 tn Heb “though with a small amount of men the army of Aram came, the
[24:24] 82 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the people of Judah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:24] 83 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Syrians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:24] 84 tn Heb “executed judgments [on] Joash.”
[24:25] 85 tn Heb “him”; the referent (Joash) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:25] 86 tn Heb “because of the shed blood of.”
[24:25] 87 tc The MT has the plural בְּנֵי (bÿney, “sons”), but the final yod is dittographic. Note the yod that immediately follows.
[24:25] 88 tn Heb “and he died.”
[24:25] 89 sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.
[24:27] 90 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Joash) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:27] 91 tn Heb “And his sons and the abundance of the oracle[s] against him, and the founding of the house of God, look are they not written on the writing of the scroll of the kings?”
