1 Tawarikh 12:1--14:17
Konteks12:1 These were the men who joined David in Ziklag, when he was banished 1 from the presence of Saul son of Kish. (They were among the warriors who assisted him in battle. 12:2 They were armed with bows and could shoot arrows or sling stones right or left-handed. They were fellow tribesmen of Saul from Benjamin. 2 ) These were: 3
12:3 Ahiezer, the leader, and Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth;
Berachah,
Jehu the Anathothite,
12:4 Ishmaiah the Gibeonite, one of the thirty warriors and their leader,
(12:5)4 Jeremiah,
Jahaziel,
Johanan,
Jozabad the Gederathite,
12:5 (12:6) Eluzai,
Jerimoth,
Bealiah,
Shemariah,
Shephatiah the Haruphite,
12:6 Elkanah, Isshiah, Azarel, Joezer, and Jashobeam, who were Korahites,
12:7 and Joelah and Zebadiah, the sons of Jeroham from Gedor.
12:8 Some of the Gadites joined David at the stronghold in the desert. They were warriors who were trained for battle; they carried shields and spears. They were as fierce as lions and could run as quickly as gazelles across the hills. 5 12:9 Ezer was the leader, Obadiah the second in command, Eliab the third, 12:10 Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth, 12:11 Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh, 12:12 Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth, 12:13 Jeremiah the tenth, and Machbannai the eleventh. 12:14 These Gadites were military leaders; the least led a hundred men, the greatest a thousand. 6 12:15 They crossed the Jordan River 7 in the first month, 8 when it was overflowing its banks, and routed those living in all the valleys to the east and west. 9
12:16 Some from Benjamin and Judah also came to David’s stronghold. 12:17 David went out to meet them and said, 10 “If you come to me in peace and want to help me, then I will make an alliance with you. 11 But if you come to betray me to my enemies when I have not harmed you, 12 may the God of our ancestors 13 take notice and judge!” 12:18 But a spirit 14 empowered 15 Amasai, the leader of the thirty warriors, and he said: 16
“We are yours, O David!
We support 17 you, O son of Jesse!
May you greatly prosper! 18
May those who help you prosper! 19
Indeed 20 your God helps you!”
So David accepted them and made them leaders of raiding bands.
12:19 Some men from Manasseh joined 21 David when he went with the Philistines to fight against Saul. (But in the end they did not help the Philistines because, after taking counsel, the Philistine lords sent David away, saying: “It would be disastrous for us if he deserts to his master Saul.”) 22 12:20 When David 23 went to Ziklag, the men of Manasseh who joined him were Adnach, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, leaders of a thousand soldiers each in the tribe of Manasseh. 12:21 They helped David fight against raiding bands, for all of them were warriors and leaders in the army. 12:22 Each day men came to help David until his army became very large. 24
12:23 The following is a record of the armed warriors who came with their leaders and joined David in Hebron in order to make David king in Saul’s place, in accordance with the Lord’s decree: 25
12:24 From Judah came 6,800 trained warriors carrying shields and spears. 26
12:25 From Simeon there were 7,100 warriors.
12:26 From Levi there were 4,600. 12:27 Jehoiada, the leader of Aaron’s descendants, brought 3,700 men with him, 12:28 along with Zadok, a young warrior, and twenty-two leaders from his family.
12:29 From Benjamin, Saul’s tribe, 27 there were 3,000, most of whom, up to that time, had been loyal to Saul. 28
12:30 From Ephraim there were 20,800 warriors, who had brought fame to their families. 29
12:31 From the half tribe of Manasseh there were 18,000 who had been designated by name to come and make David king.
12:32 From Issachar there were 200 leaders and all their relatives at their command – they understood the times and knew what Israel should do. 30
12:33 From Zebulun there were 50,000 warriors who were prepared for battle, equipped with all kinds of weapons, and ready to give their undivided loyalty. 31
12:34 From Naphtali there were 1,000 officers, along with 37,000 men carrying shields and spears.
12:35 From Dan there were 28,600 men prepared for battle.
12:36 From Asher there were 40,000 warriors prepared for battle.
12:37 From the other side of the Jordan, from Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh, there were 120,000 men armed with all kinds of weapons.
12:38 All these men were warriors who were ready to march. 32 They came to Hebron to make David king over all Israel by acclamation; 33 all the rest of the Israelites also were in agreement that David should become king. 34 12:39 They spent three days feasting 35 there with David, for their relatives had given them provisions. 12:40 Also their neighbors, from as far away as Issachar, Zebulun, and Naphtali, were bringing food on donkeys, camels, mules, and oxen. There were large supplies of flour, fig cakes, raisins, wine, olive oil, beef, and lamb, 36 for Israel was celebrating. 37
13:1 David consulted with his military officers, including those who led groups of a thousand and those who led groups of a hundred. 38 13:2 David said to the whole Israelite assembly, “If you so desire and the Lord our God approves, 39 let’s spread the word 40 to our brothers who remain in all the regions of Israel, and to the priests and Levites in their cities, 41 so they may join us. 13:3 Let’s move the ark of our God back here, 42 for we did not seek his will 43 throughout Saul’s reign.” 44 13:4 The whole assembly agreed to do this, 45 for the proposal seemed right to all the people. 46 13:5 So David assembled all Israel from the Shihor River 47 in Egypt to Lebo Hamath, 48 to bring the ark of God from Kiriath Jearim. 13:6 David and all Israel went up to Baalah (that is, Kiriath Jearim) in Judah to bring up from there the ark of God the Lord, who sits enthroned between the cherubim – the ark that is called by his name. 49
13:7 They transported the ark on a new cart from the house of Abinadab; Uzzah and Ahio were guiding the cart, 13:8 while David and all Israel were energetically 50 celebrating before God, singing and playing various stringed instruments, 51 tambourines, cymbals, and trumpets. 13:9 When they arrived at the threshing floor of Kidon, Uzzah reached out his hand to take hold of 52 the ark, because the oxen stumbled. 13:10 The Lord was so furious with Uzzah, 53 he killed him, because he reached out his hand and touched the ark. 54 He died right there before God. 55
13:11 David was angry because the Lord attacked Uzzah; 56 so he called that place Perez Uzzah, 57 which remains its name to this very day. 13:12 David was afraid of God that day and said, “How will I ever be able to bring the ark of God up here?” 13:13 So David did not move the ark to the City of David; 58 he left it in the house of Obed-Edom the Gittite. 13:14 The ark of God remained in Obed-Edom’s house for three months; the Lord blessed Obed-Edom’s family and everything that belonged to him.
14:1 King Hiram of Tyre 59 sent messengers to David, along with cedar logs, stonemasons, 60 and carpenters to build a palace for him. 14:2 David realized that the Lord had established him as king over Israel and that he had elevated 61 his kingdom for the sake of his people Israel.
14:3 In Jerusalem 62 David married 63 more wives and fathered more sons and daughters. 14:4 These are the names of children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, 14:5 Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet, 14:6 Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, 14:7 Elishama, Beeliada, 64 and Eliphelet.
14:8 When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed 65 king of all Israel, all the Philistines marched up to confront him. 66 When David heard about it, he marched out against 67 them. 14:9 Now the Philistines had come and raided 68 the Valley of Rephaim. 14:10 David asked God, “Should I march up against the Philistines? Will you hand them over to me?” The Lord said to him, “March up! I will hand them over to you!” 14:11 So they marched against Baal Perazim and David defeated them there. David said, “Using me as his instrument, 69 God has burst out against my enemies like water bursts out.” So that place is called Baal Perazim. 70 14:12 The Philistines left 71 their idols 72 there, so David ordered that they be burned.
14:13 The Philistines again raided the valley. 14:14 So David again asked God what he should do. 73 This time 74 God told him, “Don’t march up after them; circle around them and come against them in front of the trees. 75 14:15 When you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the trees, then attack. 76 For at that moment the Lord is going before you to strike down the army 77 of the Philistines.” 14:16 David did just as God commanded him, and they struck down the Philistine army from Gibeon to Gezer.
14:17 So David became famous 78 in all the lands; the Lord caused all the nations to fear him. 79
[12:2] 2 tn Heb “ones armed with bow[s], using the right hand and the left hand with stones and with arrows with the bow, from the brothers of Saul from Benjamin.”
[12:2] 3 tn The words “These were” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons, because of the length of the intervening material since the beginning of the verse.
[12:4] 4 sn In the Hebrew text (BHS) a verse division occurs at this point, and for the remainder of the chapter the verse numbers of the Hebrew Bible differ by one from the English Bible. Thus 1 Chr 12:4b ET = 12:5 HT, and 12:5-40 ET = 12:6-41 HT. Beginning with 13:1 the verse numbers in the ET and HT are again the same.
[12:8] 5 tn Heb “warriors, men of battle for war, prepared with shield and spear, and [like] the face of a lion were their faces, and like gazelles on the hills to hurry.”
[12:14] 6 tn Heb “one for a hundred the small, and the great for a thousand.” Another option is to translate the preposition -לְ (lamed) as “against” and to understand this as a hyperbolic reference to their prowess: “the least could stand against a hundred, the greatest against a thousand.”
[12:15] 7 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied for clarity.
[12:15] 8 sn That is, March-April.
[12:15] 9 tn Heb “and they chased all the valleys to the east and to the west.”
[12:17] 10 tn Heb “and David went out before them and answered and said to them.”
[12:17] 11 tn Heb “there will be to me concerning you a heart for unity.”
[12:17] 12 tn Heb “with no violence in my hands.”
[12:18] 14 tn Perhaps “the Spirit,” but the text has simply רוּחַ (ruakh) with no article (suggesting an indefinite reference).
[12:18] 16 tn The words “and he said” are supplied in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.
[12:18] 18 tn Heb “Peace, peace to you.” The Hebrew term שָׁלוֹם (shalom, “peace”) is repeated to emphasize degree.
[12:18] 19 tn Heb “and peace to the one who helps you.”
[12:19] 21 tn Heb “fell upon,” here in a good sense.
[12:19] 22 tn Heb “and they did not help them for by counsel they sent him away, the lords of the Philistines, saying, ‘With our heads he will fall to his master Saul.’”
[12:20] 23 tn Heb “he”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[12:22] 24 tn Heb “for at the time of day in a day they were coming to David to help him until [there was] a great camp like the camp of God.” The term אֱלֹהִים (’elohim, “God”) is probably used idiomatically here to indicate the superlative.
[12:23] 25 tn Heb “these are the numbers of the heads of the forces armed for battle [who] came to David in Hebron to turn over the kingdom of Saul to him according to the mouth of the
[12:24] 26 tn Heb “the sons of Judah, carrying shield and spear, [were] 6,800 armed for battle.”
[12:29] 27 tn Heb “from the sons of Benjamin, the brothers of Saul.”
[12:29] 28 tn Heb “and until then, the majority of them were keeping the charge of the house of Saul.”
[12:30] 29 tn Heb “men of names for the house of their fathers.”
[12:32] 30 tn Heb “from the sons of Issachar, knowers of understanding for times to know what Israel should do, their heads [were] 200, and all their brothers according to their mouth.”
[12:33] 31 tn Heb “from Zebulun, those going out for battle, prepared for war with all weapons of war, 50,000, and to help without a heart and a heart.”
[12:38] 32 tc Heb “all these [were] men of war, helpers of the battle line.” The present translation assumes an emendation of עֹדְרֵי (’odÿrey, “helpers of”) to עֹרְכֵי, (’orÿkhey, “prepared for”).
[12:38] 33 tn Heb “with a complete heart they came to Hebron to make David king over all Israel.”
[12:38] 34 tn Heb “and also all the rest of Israel [was of] one mind to make David king.”
[12:39] 35 tn Heb “eating and drinking.”
[12:40] 36 tn Heb “cattle and sheep.”
[12:40] 37 tn Heb “for there was joy in Israel.”
[13:1] 38 tn Heb “and David consulted with the officers of thousands and hundreds, to every ruler.”
[13:2] 39 tn Heb “If to you [it is] good and from the
[13:2] 40 tn Heb “let us spread and let us send.” The words “the word” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[13:2] 41 tn Heb “in the cities of their pasturelands.”
[13:3] 43 tn Heb “him.” In this case, seeking God’s will is what is implied.
[13:3] 44 tn Heb “in the days of Saul.”
[13:4] 45 tn Heb “all the assembly said to do so.”
[13:4] 46 tn Heb “for right was the word in the eyes of all the people.”
[13:5] 47 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied for clarity.
[13:5] sn The Shihor River was a river on the border of Egypt, probably the eastern branch of the Nile.
[13:5] 48 tn Or “the entrance to Hamath.”
[13:6] 49 tn Heb “the ark of God the
[13:8] 50 tn Heb “with all strength.”
[13:8] 51 tn Heb “with songs and with zithers [meaning uncertain] and with harps.” Due to the collocation with “harps,” some type of stringed instrument is probably in view.
[13:10] 53 tn Heb “and the anger of the
[13:10] 54 tn Heb “because he stretched out his hand over the ark.”
[13:10] 55 sn The modern reader might think God seemed to overreact here, but Israel needed a vivid object lesson of God’s holiness. By loading the ark on a cart, David had violated the instructions in God’s law (Exod 25:12-14; Num 4:5-6, 15). Uzzah’s action, however innocent it may seem, betrayed a certain lack of reverence for God’s presence. God had to remind his people that his holiness could not under any circumstances be violated.
[13:11] 56 tn Heb “because the
[13:11] 57 sn The name Perez Uzzah means in Hebrew “the outburst [against] Uzzah.”
[13:13] 58 sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.
[14:1] 59 map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
[14:1] 60 tn Heb “craftsman of a wall,” that is, masons skilled at building stone walls.
[14:2] 61 tn Heb “was lifted upwards.”
[14:3] 62 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[14:7] 64 tn In 1 Chr 3:8 and 2 Sam 5:16 this name appears as “Eliada.” The form here represents a variant spelling of the name.
[14:8] 65 tn Or “designated”; NCV “had been made king”; CEV “had become king.”
[14:8] 66 tn Heb “to seek David.”
[14:8] 67 tn Heb “went out before.”
[14:11] 69 tn Heb “by my hand.”
[14:11] 70 sn The name Baal Perazim means “Lord of outbursts” in Hebrew.
[14:12] 71 tn Heb “abandoned.”
[14:14] 73 tn Heb “and David again asked God.”
[14:14] 74 tn The words “this time” are not in the Hebrew text.
[14:14] 75 tn The Hebrew word translated “trees” is defined by HALOT 129 s.v. בָּכָא as “shrubs.” Some translate “balsam trees” (see BDB 113 s.v. בָּכָא), cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT.
[14:15] 76 tn Heb “go out in battle.”
[14:17] 78 tn Heb “the name of David went out.”
[14:17] 79 tn Heb “and the
