Kejadian 6:5
Konteks6:5 But the Lord saw 1 that the wickedness of humankind had become great on the earth. Every inclination 2 of the thoughts 3 of their minds 4 was only evil 5 all the time. 6
Kejadian 8:21
Konteks8:21 And the Lord smelled the soothing aroma 7 and said 8 to himself, 9 “I will never again curse 10 the ground because of humankind, even though 11 the inclination of their minds 12 is evil from childhood on. 13 I will never again destroy everything that lives, as I have just done.
Roma 1:21-32
Konteks1:21 For although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God or give him thanks, but they became futile in their thoughts and their senseless hearts 14 were darkened. 1:22 Although they claimed 15 to be wise, they became fools 1:23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for an image resembling mortal human beings 16 or birds or four-footed animals 17 or reptiles.
1:24 Therefore God gave them over 18 in the desires of their hearts to impurity, to dishonor 19 their bodies among themselves. 20 1:25 They 21 exchanged the truth of God for a lie 22 and worshiped and served the creation 23 rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.
1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged the natural sexual relations for unnatural ones, 24 1:27 and likewise the men also abandoned natural relations with women 25 and were inflamed in their passions 26 for one another. Men 27 committed shameless acts with men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error.
1:28 And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God, 28 God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do what should not be done. 29 1:29 They are filled 30 with every kind of unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, malice. They are rife with 31 envy, murder, strife, deceit, hostility. They are gossips, 1:30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, contrivers of all sorts of evil, disobedient to parents, 1:31 senseless, covenant-breakers, 32 heartless, ruthless. 1:32 Although they fully know 33 God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, 34 they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them. 35
Roma 3:10-18
Konteks3:10 just as it is written:
“There is no one righteous, not even one,
3:11 there is no one who understands,
there is no one who seeks God.
3:12 All have turned away,
together they have become worthless;
there is no one who shows kindness, not even one.” 36
3:13 “Their throats are open graves, 37
they deceive with their tongues,
the poison of asps is under their lips.” 38
3:14 “Their mouths are 39 full of cursing and bitterness.” 40
3:15 “Their feet are swift to shed blood,
3:16 ruin and misery are in their paths,
3:17 and the way of peace they have not known.” 41
3:18 “There is no fear of God before their eyes.” 42
Roma 7:14
Konteks7:14 For we know that the law is spiritual – but I am unspiritual, sold into slavery to sin. 43
Roma 7:21
Konteks7:21 So, I find the law that when I want to do good, evil is present with me.
[6:5] 1 sn The Hebrew verb translated “saw” (רָאָה, ra’ah), used here of God’s evaluation of humankind’s evil deeds, contrasts with God’s evaluation of creative work in Gen 1, when he observed that everything was good.
[6:5] 2 tn The noun יֵצֶר (yetser) is related to the verb יָצָר (yatsar, “to form, to fashion [with a design]”). Here it refers to human plans or intentions (see Gen 8:21; 1 Chr 28:9; 29:18). People had taken their God-given capacities and used them to devise evil. The word יֵצֶר (yetser) became a significant theological term in Rabbinic literature for what might be called the sin nature – the evil inclination (see also R. E. Murphy, “Yeser in the Qumran Literature,” Bib 39 [1958]: 334-44).
[6:5] 3 tn The related verb הָשָׁב (hashav) means “to think, to devise, to reckon.” The noun (here) refers to thoughts or considerations.
[6:5] 4 tn Heb “his heart” (referring to collective “humankind”). The Hebrew term לֵב (lev, “heart”) frequently refers to the seat of one’s thoughts (see BDB 524 s.v. לֵב). In contemporary English this is typically referred to as the “mind.”
[6:5] 5 sn Every inclination of the thoughts of their minds was only evil. There is hardly a stronger statement of the wickedness of the human race than this. Here is the result of falling into the “knowledge of good and evil”: Evil becomes dominant, and the good is ruined by the evil.
[6:5] sn The author of Genesis goes out of his way to emphasize the depth of human evil at this time. Note the expressions “every inclination,” “only evil,” and “all the time.”
[8:21] 7 tn The
[8:21] 8 tn Heb “and the
[8:21] 9 tn Heb “in his heart.”
[8:21] 10 tn Here the Hebrew word translated “curse” is קָלָל (qalal), used in the Piel verbal stem.
[8:21] 11 tn The Hebrew particle כִּי (ki) can be used in a concessive sense (see BDB 473 s.v. כִּי), which makes good sense in this context. Its normal causal sense (“for”) does not fit the context here very well.
[8:21] 12 tn Heb “the inclination of the heart of humankind.”
[8:21] 13 tn Heb “from his youth.”
[1:22] 15 tn The participle φάσκοντες (faskonte") is used concessively here.
[1:23] 16 tn Grk “exchanged the glory of the incorruptible God in likeness of an image of corruptible man.” Here there is a wordplay on the Greek terms ἄφθαρτος (afqarto", “immortal, imperishable, incorruptible”) and φθαρτός (fqarto", “mortal, corruptible, subject to decay”).
[1:23] 17 sn Possibly an allusion to Ps 106:19-20.
[1:24] 18 sn Possibly an allusion to Ps 81:12.
[1:24] 19 tn The genitive articular infinitive τοῦ ἀτιμάζεσθαι (tou atimazesqai, “to dishonor”) has been taken as (1) an infinitive of purpose; (2) an infinitive of result; or (3) an epexegetical (i.e., explanatory) infinitive, expanding the previous clause.
[1:24] 20 tn Grk “among them.”
[1:25] 21 tn Grk “who.” The relative pronoun was converted to a personal pronoun and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[1:25] 23 tn Or “creature, created things.”
[1:26] 24 tn Grk “for their females exchanged the natural function for that which is contrary to nature.” The term χρῆσις (crhsi") has the force of “sexual relations” here (L&N 23.65).
[1:27] 25 tn Grk “likewise so also the males abandoning the natural function of the female.”
[1:27] 26 tn Grk “burned with intense desire” (L&N 25.16).
[1:27] 27 tn Grk “another, men committing…and receiving,” continuing the description of their deeds. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[1:28] 28 tn Grk “and just as they did not approve to have God in knowledge.”
[1:28] 29 tn Grk “the things that are improper.”
[1:29] 30 tn Grk “being filled” or “having been filled,” referring to those described in v. 28. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[1:29] 31 tn Grk “malice, full of,” continuing the description. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[1:31] 32 tn Or “promise-breakers.”
[1:32] 33 tn Grk “who, knowing…, not only do them but also approve…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[1:32] 34 tn Grk “are worthy of death.”
[1:32] 35 sn “Vice lists” like vv. 28-32 can be found elsewhere in the NT in Matt 15:19; Gal 5:19-21; 1 Tim 1:9-10; and 1 Pet 4:3. An example from the intertestamental period can be found in Wis 14:25-26.
[3:12] 36 sn Verses 10-12 are a quotation from Ps 14:1-3.
[3:13] 37 tn Grk “their throat is an opened grave.”
[3:13] 38 sn A quotation from Pss 5:9; 140:3.
[3:14] 39 tn Grk “whose mouth is.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
[3:14] 40 sn A quotation from Ps 10:7.
[3:17] 41 sn Rom 3:15-17 is a quotation from Isa 59:7-8.
