Yesaya 44:25

44:25 who frustrates the omens of the empty talkers ¹ 

and humiliates ²  the omen readers,

who overturns the counsel of the wise men ³ 

and makes their advice ⁴  seem foolish,

Daniel 2:2

2:2 The king issued an order ⁵  to summon the magicians, astrologers, sorcerers, and wise men ⁶  in order to explain his dreams to him. ⁷  So they came and awaited the king’s instructions. ⁸ 

[44:25]  ¹ tc The Hebrew text has בַּדִּים (baddim), perhaps meaning “empty talkers” (BDB 95 s.v. III בַּד). In the four other occurrences of this word (Job 11:3; Isa 16:6; Jer 48:30; 50:36) the context does not make the meaning of the term very clear. Its primary point appears to be that the words spoken are meaningless or false. In light of its parallelism with “omen readers,” some have proposed an emendation to בָּרִים (barim, “seers”). The Mesopotamian baru-priests were divination specialists who played an important role in court life. See R. Wilson, Prophecy and Society in Ancient Israel, 93-98. Rather than supporting an emendation, J. N. Oswalt (Isaiah [NICOT], 2:189, n. 79) suggests that Isaiah used בַּדִּים purposively as a derisive wordplay on the Akkadian word baru (in light of the close similarity of the d and r consonants).

[44:25]  ² tn Or “makes fools of” (NIV, NRSV); NAB and NASB both similar.

[44:25]  ³ tn Heb “who turns back the wise” (so NRSV); NIV “overthrows the learning of the wise”; TEV “The words of the wise I refute.”

[44:25]  ⁴ tn Heb “their knowledge” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV).

[2:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “said.” So also in v. 12.

[2:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “Chaldeans.” The term Chaldeans (Hebrew כַּשְׂדִּים, kasdim) is used in the book of Daniel both in an ethnic sense and, as here, to refer to a caste of Babylonian wise men and astrologers.

[2:2]  ⁷ tn Heb “to explain to the king his dreams.”

[2:2]  ⁸ tn Heb “stood before the king.”