Markus 3:14

3:14 He ¹  appointed twelve (whom he named apostles ² ), ³  so that they would be with him and he could send them to preach

Markus 3:31

Jesus’ True Family

3:31 Then ⁴  Jesus’ ⁵  mother and his brothers ⁶  came. Standing ⁷  outside, they sent word to him, to summon him.

Markus 4:2

4:2 He taught them many things in parables, ⁸  and in his teaching said to them:

Markus 5:38

5:38 They came to the house of the synagogue ruler where ⁹  he saw noisy confusion and people weeping and wailing loudly. ¹⁰ 

Markus 8:10

8:10 Immediately he got into a boat with his disciples and went to the district of Dalmanutha. ¹¹ 

[3:14]  ¹ tn Grk “And he.”

[3:14]  ² sn The term apostles is rare in the gospels, found only here and Mark 6:30, Matt 10:2, and six more times in Luke (6:13; 9:10; 11:49; 17:5; 22:14; 24:10).

[3:14]  ³ tc The phrase “whom he named apostles” is lacking in the majority of mss (A C² [D] L ˹ 33 Ï latt sy). Several primary Alexandrian and Caesarean witnesses (א B [C* W] Θ Ë¹³ 28 pc co) include the phrase, so the external evidence is strongly in favor of this reading, especially since Alexandrian witnesses tend to witness to the shorter reading. It is possible that the Alexandrian witnesses have inserted these words to bring the text in line with Luke 6:13 (TCGNT 69), but against this is the internal evidence of Mark’s style: Mark tends toward gratuitous redundancy. Thus the inclusion of this phrase is supported by both internal and external evidence and should be regarded as more likely original than the omission.

[3:31]  ⁴ tn Grk “And.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[3:31]  ⁵ tn Grk “his”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[3:31]  ⁶ sn The issue of whether Jesus had brothers (siblings) has had a long history in the church. Epiphanius, in the 4th century, argued that Mary was a perpetual virgin and had no offspring other than Jesus. Others argued that these brothers were really cousins. Nothing in the text suggests any of this. See also John 7:3.

[3:31]  ⁷ tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[4:2]  ⁸ sn Though parables can contain a variety of figures of speech (cf. 2:19-22; 3:23-25; 4:3-9, 26-32; 7:15-17; 13:28), many times they are simply stories that attempt to teach spiritual truth (which is unknown to the hearers) by using a comparison with something known to the hearers. In general, parables usually advance a single idea, though there may be many parts and characters in a single parable and subordinate ideas may expand the main idea further. The beauty of using the parable as a teaching device is that it draws the listener into the story, elicits an evaluation, and demands a response.

[5:38]  ⁹ tn Grk “and,” though such paratactic structure is rather awkward in English.

[5:38]  ¹⁰ sn This group probably includes outside or even professional mourners, not just family, because a large group seems to be present.

[8:10]  ¹¹ sn The exact location of Dalmanutha is uncertain, but it is somewhere close to the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.