Keluaran 14:17

14:17 And as for me, I am going to harden ¹  the hearts of the Egyptians so that ²  they will come after them, that I may be honored ³  because ⁴  of Pharaoh and his army and his chariots and his horsemen.

Keluaran 14:1

The Victory at the Red Sea

14:1 ⁵ The Lord spoke to Moses:

1 Samuel 6:5

6:5 You should make images of the sores and images of the mice ⁶  that are destroying the land. You should honor the God of Israel. Perhaps he will release his grip on you, your gods, and your land. ⁷ 

Mazmur 96:8

96:8 Ascribe to the Lord the splendor he deserves! ⁸ 

Bring an offering and enter his courts!

Yesaya 42:12

42:12 Let them give the Lord the honor he deserves; ⁹ 

let them praise his deeds in the coastlands. ¹⁰ 

Yeremia 13:16

13:16 Show the Lord your God the respect that is due him. ¹¹ 

Do it before he brings the darkness of disaster. ¹² 

Do it before you stumble ¹³  into distress

like a traveler on the mountains at twilight. ¹⁴ 

Do it before he turns the light of deliverance you hope for

into the darkness and gloom of exile. ¹⁵ 

Yohanes 9:24

9:24 Then they summoned ¹⁶  the man who used to be blind ¹⁷  a second time and said to him, “Promise before God to tell the truth. ¹⁸  We know that this man ¹⁹  is a sinner.”

[14:17]  ¹ tn הִנְנִי (hinni) before the participle gives it the force of a futur instans participle, meaning “I am about to harden” or “I am going to harden” their heart.

[14:17]  ² tn The form again is the imperfect tense with vav (ו) to express the purpose or the result of the hardening. The repetition of the verb translated “come” is interesting: Moses is to divide the sea in order that the people may cross, but God will harden the Egyptians’ hearts in order that they may follow.

[14:17]  ³ tn For the comments on this verb see the discussion in v. 4. God would get glory by defeating Egypt.

[14:17]  ⁴ tn Or “I will get glory over.”

[14:1]  ⁵ sn The account recorded in this chapter is one of the best known events in all of Scripture. In the argument of the book it marks the division between the bondage in Egypt and the establishment of the people as a nation. Here is the deliverance from Egypt. The chapter divides simply in two, vv. 1-14 giving the instructions, and vv. 15-31 reporting the victory. See among others, G. Coats, “History and Theology in the Sea Tradition,” ST 29 (1975): 53-62); A. J. Ehlen, “Deliverance at the Sea: Diversity and Unity in a Biblical Theme,” CTM 44 (1973): 168-91; J. B. Scott, “God’s Saving Acts,” The Presbyterian Journal 38 (1979): 12-14; W. Wifall, “The Sea of Reeds as Sheol,” ZAW 92 (1980): 325-32.

[6:5]  ⁶ tn Heb “your mice.” A Qumran ms has simply “the mice.”

[6:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “Perhaps he will lighten his hand from upon you and from upon your gods and from upon your land.”

[96:8]  ⁸ tn Heb “the splendor of [i.e., “due”] his name.”

[42:12]  ⁹ tn Heb “Let them ascribe to the Lord glory.”

[42:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and his praise in the coastlands [or “islands”] let them declare.”

[13:16]  ¹¹ tn Heb “Give glory/respect to the Lord your God.” For this nuance of the word “glory” (כָּבוֹד, kavod), see BDB 459 s.v. כָּבוֹד 6.b and compare the usage in Mal 1:6 and Josh 7:19.

[13:16]  ¹² tn The words “of disaster” are not in the text. They are supplied in the translation to explain the significance of the metaphor to readers who may not be acquainted with the metaphorical use of light and darkness for salvation and joy and distress and sorrow respectively.

[13:16]  sn For the metaphorical use of these terms the reader should consult O. A. Piper, “Light, Light and Darkness,” IDB 3:130-32. For the association of darkness with the Day of the Lord, the time when he will bring judgment, see, e.g., Amos 5:18-20. For the association of darkness with exile see Isa 9:1-2 (8:23-9:1 HT).

[13:16]  ¹³ tn Heb “your feet stumble.”

[13:16]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “you stumble on the mountains at twilight.” The added words are again supplied in the translation to help explain the metaphor to the uninitiated reader.

[13:16]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and while you hope for light he will turn it into deep darkness and make [it] into gloom.” The meaning of the metaphor is again explained through the addition of the “of” phrases for readers who are unacquainted with the metaphorical use of these terms.

[13:16]  sn For the meaning and usage of the term “deep darkness” (צַלְמָוֶת, tsalmavet), see the notes on Jer 2:6. For the association of the term with exile see Isa 9:2 (9:1 HT). For the association of the word gloom with the Day of the Lord see Isa 60:2; Joel 2:2; Zeph 1:15.

[9:24]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “they called.”

[9:24]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “who was blind.”

[9:24]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “Give glory to God” (an idiomatic formula used in placing someone under oath to tell the truth).

[9:24]  ¹⁹ tn The phrase “this man” is a reference to Jesus.