1 Yohanes 4:19-21

4:19 We love ¹  because he loved us first.

4:20 If anyone says ²  “I love God” and yet ³  hates his fellow Christian, ⁴  he is a liar, because the one who does not love his fellow Christian ⁵  whom he has seen cannot love God whom he has not seen. ⁶  4:21 And the commandment we have from him is this: that ⁷  the one who loves God should love his fellow Christian ⁸  too.

[4:19]  ¹ sn No object is supplied for the verb love (the author with his propensity for obscurity has left it to the readers to supply the object). The obvious objects that could be supplied from the context are either God himself or other believers (the brethren). It may well be that the author has both in mind at this point; the statement is general enough to cover both alternatives, although the following verse puts more emphasis on love for the brethren.

[4:20]  ² tn Grk “if anyone should say…”

[4:20]  ³ tn “Yet” is supplied to bring out the contrast.

[4:20]  ⁴ tn See note on the phrase “fellow Christian” in 2:9.

[4:20]  ⁵ tn See note on the phrase “fellow Christian” in 2:9.

[4:20]  ⁶ sn In 4:20 the author again describes the opponents, who claim to love God. Their failure to show love for their fellow Christians proves their claim to know God to be false: The one who does not love his fellow Christian whom he has seen cannot love God whom he has not seen.

[4:21]  ⁷ tn The ἵνα (Jina) clause in 4:21 could be giving (1) the purpose or (2) the result of the commandment mentioned in the first half of the verse, but if it does, the author nowhere specifies what the commandment consists of. It makes better sense to understand this ἵνα clause as (3) epexegetical to the pronoun ταύτην (tauthn) at the beginning of 4:21 and thus explaining what the commandment consists of: “that the one who loves God should love his brother also.”

[4:21]  ⁸ tn See note on the phrase “fellow Christian” in 2:9.