Yosua 5:11

5:11 They ate some of the produce of the land the day after the Passover, including unleavened bread and roasted grain. ¹ 

Rut 2:14

2:14 Later during the mealtime Boaz said to her, “Come here and have ²  some food! Dip your bread ³  in the vinegar!” So she sat down beside the harvesters. Then he handed ⁴  her some roasted grain. She ate until she was full and saved the rest. ⁵ 

Rut 2:1

Ruth Works in the Field of Boaz

2:1 Now Naomi ⁶  had a relative ⁷  on her husband’s side of the family named Boaz. He was a wealthy, prominent man from the clan of Elimelech. ⁸ 

1 Samuel 17:17

17:17 Jesse said to his son David, “Take your brothers this ephah of roasted grain and these ten loaves of bread; go quickly ⁹  to the camp to your brothers.

[5:11]  ¹ tn The Hebrew text adds, “on this same day.” This is somewhat redundant in English and has not been translated.

[2:14]  ² tn Heb “eat” (so KJV, NRSV).

[2:14]  ³ tn Heb “your portion”; NRSV “your morsel.”

[2:14]  ⁴ tn The Hebrew verb צָבַט (tsavat) occurs only here in the OT. Cf. KJV, ASV “he reached her”; NASB “he served her”; NIV “he offered her”; NRSV “he heaped up for her.” For discussion of its meaning, including the etymological evidence, see BDB 840 s.v.; R. L. Hubbard, Jr., Ruth (NICOT), 174; and F. W. Bush, Ruth, Esther (WBC), 125-26.

[2:14]  ⁵ tn Heb “and she ate and she was satisfied and she had some left over” (NASB similar).

[2:1]  ⁶ tn The disjunctive clause (note the vav [ו] + prepositional phrase structure) provides background information essential to the following narrative.

[2:1]  ⁷ tc The marginal reading (Qere) is מוֹדַע (moda’, “relative”), while the consonantal text (Kethib) has מְיֻדָּע (miyudda’, “friend”). The textual variant was probably caused by orthographic confusion between consonantal מְיֻדָּע and מוֹדַע. Virtually all English versions follow the marginal reading (Qere), e.g., KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV “kinsman”; NIV, NCV, NLT “relative.”

[2:1]  ⁸ tn Heb “and [there was] to Naomi a relative, to her husband, a man mighty in substance, from the clan of Elimelech, and his name [was] Boaz.”

[17:17]  ⁹ tn Heb “run.”