Yesaya 5:17

5:17 Lambs ¹  will graze as if in their pastures,

amid the ruins the rich sojourners will graze. ² 

Yesaya 6:8

6:8 I heard the voice of the sovereign master say, “Whom will I send? Who will go on our behalf?” ³  I answered, “Here I am, send me!”

Yesaya 28:27

28:27 Certainly ⁴  caraway seed is not threshed with a sledge,

nor is the wheel of a cart rolled over cumin seed. ⁵ 

Certainly caraway seed is beaten with a stick,

and cumin seed with a flail.

Yesaya 30:8

30:8 Now go, write it ⁶  down on a tablet in their presence, ⁷ 

inscribe it on a scroll,

so that it might be preserved for a future time

as an enduring witness. ⁸ 

Yesaya 33:21

33:21 Instead the Lord will rule there as our mighty king. ⁹ 

Rivers and wide streams will flow through it; ¹⁰ 

no war galley will enter; ¹¹ 

no large ships will sail through. ¹² 

Yesaya 42:25

42:25 So he poured out his fierce anger on them,

along with the devastation ¹³  of war.

Its flames encircled them, but they did not realize it; ¹⁴ 

it burned against them, but they did notice. ¹⁵ 

Yesaya 54:16

54:16 Look, I create the craftsman,

who fans the coals into a fire

and forges a weapon. ¹⁶ 

I create the destroyer so he might devastate.

Yesaya 58:4

58:4 Look, your fasting is accompanied by ¹⁷  arguments, brawls,

and fistfights. ¹⁸ 

Do not fast as you do today,

trying to make your voice heard in heaven.

Yesaya 58:14

58:14 Then you will find joy in your relationship to the Lord, ¹⁹ 

and I will give you great prosperity, ²⁰ 

and cause crops to grow on the land I gave to your ancestor Jacob.” ²¹ 

Know for certain that the Lord has spoken. ²² 

[5:17]  ¹ tn Or “young rams”; NIV, NCV “sheep”; NLT “flocks.”

[5:17]  ² tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “and ruins, fatlings, resident aliens, will eat.” This part of the verse has occasioned various suggestions of emendation. The parallelism is tighter if the second line refers to animals grazing. The translation, “amid the ruins the fatlings and young sheep graze,” assumes an emendation of “resident aliens” (גָּרִים, garim) to “young goats/sheep” (גְּדַיִם, gÿdayim) – confusion of dalet and resh is quite common – and understands “fatlings” and “young sheep” taken as a compound subject or as in apposition as the subject of the verb. However, no emendations are necessary if the above translation is correct. The meaning of מֵחִים (mekhim) has a significant impact on one’s textual decision and translation. The noun can refer to a sacrificial (“fat”) animal as it does in its only other occurrence (Ps 66:15). However, it could signify the rich of the earth (“the fat ones of the earth”; Ps 22:29 [MT 30]) using a different word for “fatness” (דָּשֶׁן, dashen). If so, it serves a figurative reference to the rich. Consequently, the above translation coheres with the first half of the verse. Just as the sheep are out of place grazing in these places (“as in their pasture”), the sojourners would not have expected to have the chance to eat in these locations. Both animals and itinerant foreigners would eat in places not normal for them.

[5:17]  sn The image completes the picture begun in v. 14 and adds to the irony. When judgment comes, Sheol will eat up the sinners who frequent the feasts; then the banqueting halls will lie in ruins and only sheep will eat there.

[6:8]  ³ tn Heb “for us.” The plural pronoun refers to the Lord, the seraphs, and the rest of the heavenly assembly.

[28:27]  ⁴ tn Or “For” (KJV, ASV, NASB).

[28:27]  ⁵ sn Both of these seeds are too small to use the ordinary threshing techniques.

[30:8]  ⁶ tn The referent of the third feminine singular pronominal suffix is uncertain. Perhaps it refers to the preceding message, which accuses the people of rejecting the Lord’s help in favor of an alliance with Egypt.

[30:8]  ⁷ tn Heb “with them.” On the use of the preposition here, see BDB 86 s.v. II אֵת.

[30:8]  ⁸ sn Recording the message will enable the prophet to use it in the future as evidence that God warned his people of impending judgment and clearly spelled out the nation’s guilt. An official record of the message will also serve as proof of the prophet’s authority as God’s spokesman.

[33:21]  ⁹ tn Heb “But there [as] a mighty one [will be] the Lord for us.”

[33:21]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “a place of rivers, streams wide of hands [i.e., on both sides].”

[33:21]  ¹¹ tn Heb “a ship of rowing will not go into it.”

[33:21]  ¹² tn Heb “and a mighty ship will not pass through it.”

[42:25]  ¹³ tn Heb “strength” (so KJV, NASB); NAB “fury”; NASB “fierceness”; NIV “violence.”

[42:25]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and it blazed against him all around, but he did not know.” The subject of the third feminine singular verb “blazed” is the divine חֵמָה (khemah, “anger”) mentioned in the previous line.

[42:25]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and it burned against him, but he did not set [it] upon [the] heart.”

[54:16]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “who brings out an implement for his work.”

[58:4]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “you fast for” (so NASB); NRSV “you fast only to quarrel.”

[58:4]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “and for striking with a sinful fist.”

[58:14]  ¹⁹ tn For a parallel use of the phrase “find joy in” (Hitpael of עָנַג [’anag] followed by the preposition עַל [’al]), see Ps 37:4.

[58:14]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and I will cause you to ride upon the heights of the land.” The statement seems to be an allusion to Deut 32:13, where it is associated, as here, with God’s abundant provision of food.

[58:14]  ²¹ tn Heb “and I will cause you to eat the inheritance of Jacob your father.” The Hebrew term נַחֲלָה (nakhalah) likely stands by metonymy for the crops that grow on Jacob’s “inheritance” (i.e., the land he inherited as a result of God’s promise).

[58:14]  ²² tn Heb “for the mouth of the Lord has spoken.” The introductory כִּי (ki) may be asseverative (as reflected in the translation) or causal/explanatory, explaining why the preceding promise will become reality (because it is guaranteed by the divine word).