Yakobus 5:6

5:6 You have condemned and murdered the righteous person, although he does not resist you. ¹ 

Yakobus 2:11

2:11 For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” ²  also said, “Do not murder.” ³  Now if you do not commit adultery but do commit murder, you have become a violator of the law.

Yakobus 4:2

4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask;

Yakobus 3:8

3:8 But no human being can subdue the tongue; it is a restless ⁴  evil, full of deadly poison.

[5:6]  ¹ tn Literally a series of verbs without connectives, “you have condemned, you have murdered…he does not resist.”

[2:11]  ² sn A quotation from Exod 20:14 and Deut 5:18.

[2:11]  ³ sn A quotation from Exod 20:13 and Deut 5:17.

[3:8]  ⁴ tc Most mss (C Ψ 1739^c Ï as well as a few versions and fathers) read “uncontrollable” (ἀκατασχετόν, akatasceton), while the most important witnesses (א A B K P 1739* latt) have “restless” (ἀκατάστατον, akatastaton). Externally, the latter reading should be preferred. Internally, however, things get a bit more complex. The notion of being uncontrollable is well suited to the context, especially as a counterbalance to v. 8a, though for this very reason scribes may have been tempted to replace ἀκατάστατον with ἀκατασχετόν. However, in a semantically parallel early Christian text, ἀκατάστατος (akatastato") was considered strong enough of a term to denounce slander as “a restless demon” (Herm. 27:3). On the other hand, ἀκατάστατον may have been substituted for ἀκατασχετόν by way of assimilation to 1:8 (especially since both words were relatively rare, scribes may have replaced the less familiar with one that was already used in this letter). On internal evidence, it is difficult to decide, though ἀκατασχετόν is slightly preferred. However, in light of the strong support for ἀκατάστατον, and the less-than-decisive internal evidence, ἀκατάστατον is preferred instead.