Mazmur 148:8

148:8 O fire and hail, snow and clouds, ¹ 

O stormy wind that carries out his orders, ² 

Kejadian 2:5-6

2:5 Now ³  no shrub of the field had yet grown on the earth, and no plant of the field ⁴  had yet sprouted, for the Lord God had not caused it to rain on the earth, and there was no man to cultivate the ground. ⁵  2:6 Springs ⁶  would well up ⁷  from the earth and water ⁸  the whole surface of the ground. ⁹ 

Kejadian 2:1

2:1 The heavens and the earth ¹⁰  were completed with everything that was in them. ¹¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 18:1

Paul at Corinth

18:1 After this ¹²  Paul ¹³  departed from ¹⁴  Athens ¹⁵  and went to Corinth. ¹⁶ 

Kisah Para Rasul 18:1

Paul at Corinth

18:1 After this ¹⁷  Paul ¹⁸  departed from ¹⁹  Athens ²⁰  and went to Corinth. ²¹ 

Ayub 5:10

5:10 he gives ²²  rain on the earth, ²³ 

and sends ²⁴  water on the fields; ²⁵ 

Yeremia 10:13

10:13 When his voice thunders, ²⁶  the heavenly ocean roars.

He makes the clouds rise from the far-off horizons. ²⁷ 

He makes the lightning flash out in the midst of the rain.

He unleashes the wind from the places where he stores it. ²⁸ 

Yeremia 14:22

14:22 Do any of the worthless idols ²⁹  of the nations cause rain to fall?

Do the skies themselves send showers?

Is it not you, O Lord our God, who does this? ³⁰ 

So we put our hopes in you ³¹ 

because you alone do all this.”

Yeremia 51:16

51:16 When his voice thunders, the waters in the heavens roar.

He makes the clouds rise from the far-off horizons.

He makes the lightning flash out in the midst of the rain.

He unleashes the wind from the places where he stores it.

Zakharia 10:1

The Restoration of the True People

10:1 Ask the Lord for rain in the season of the late spring rains ³²  – the Lord who causes thunderstorms – and he will give everyone showers of rain and green growth in the field.

[148:8]  ¹ tn In Ps 119:83 the noun refers to “smoke,” but here, where the elements of nature are addressed, the clouds, which resemble smoke, are probably in view.

[148:8]  ² tn Heb “[that] does his word.”

[2:5]  ³ tn Heb “Now every sprig of the field before it was.” The verb forms, although appearing to be imperfects, are technically preterites coming after the adverb טֶּרֶם (terem). The word order (conjunction + subject + predicate) indicates a disjunctive clause, which provides background information for the following narrative (as in 1:2). Two negative clauses are given (“before any sprig…”, and “before any cultivated grain” existed), followed by two causal clauses explaining them, and then a positive circumstantial clause is given – again dealing with water as in 1:2 (water would well up).

[2:5]  ⁴ tn The first term, שִׂיחַ (siakh), probably refers to the wild, uncultivated plants (see Gen 21:15; Job 30:4,7); whereas the second, עֵשֶׂב (’esev), refers to cultivated grains. It is a way of saying: “back before anything was growing.”

[2:5]  ⁵ tn The two causal clauses explain the first two disjunctive clauses: There was no uncultivated, general growth because there was no rain, and there were no grains because there was no man to cultivate the soil.

[2:5]  sn The last clause in v. 5, “and there was no man to cultivate the ground,” anticipates the curse and the expulsion from the garden (Gen 3:23).

[2:6]  ⁶ tn The conjunction vav (ו) introduces a third disjunctive clause. The Hebrew word אֵד (’ed) was traditionally translated “mist” because of its use in Job 36:27. However, an Akkadian cognate edu in Babylonian texts refers to subterranean springs or waterways. Such a spring would fit the description in this context, since this water “goes up” and waters the ground.

[2:6]  ⁷ tn Heb “was going up.” The verb is an imperfect form, which in this narrative context carries a customary nuance, indicating continual action in past time.

[2:6]  ⁸ tn The perfect with vav (ו) consecutive carries the same nuance as the preceding verb. Whenever it would well up, it would water the ground.

[2:6]  ⁹ tn The Hebrew word אֲדָמָה (’adamah) actually means “ground; fertile soil.”

[2:6]  sn Here is an indication of fertility. The water would well up from the earth (אֶרֶץ, ’erets) and water all the surface of the fertile soil (אֲדָמָה). It is from that soil that the man (אָדָם, ’adam) was made (Gen 2:7).

[2:1]  ¹⁰ tn See the note on the phrase “the heavens and the earth” in 1:1.

[2:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and all the host of them.” Here the “host” refers to all the entities and creatures that God created to populate the world.

[18:1]  ¹² tn Grk “After these things.”

[18:1]  ¹³ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:1]  ¹⁴ tn Or “Paul left.”

[18:1]  ¹⁵ map For location see JP1 C2; JP2 C2; JP3 C2; JP4 C2.

[18:1]  ¹⁶ sn Corinth was the capital city of the senatorial province of Achaia and the seat of the Roman proconsul. It was located 55 mi (88 km) west of Athens. Corinth was a major rival to Athens and was the largest city in Greece at the time.

[18:1]  map For location see JP1 C2; JP2 C2; JP3 C2; JP4 C2.

[18:1]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “After these things.”

[18:1]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:1]  ¹⁹ tn Or “Paul left.”

[18:1]  ²⁰ map For location see JP1 C2; JP2 C2; JP3 C2; JP4 C2.

[18:1]  ²¹ sn Corinth was the capital city of the senatorial province of Achaia and the seat of the Roman proconsul. It was located 55 mi (88 km) west of Athens. Corinth was a major rival to Athens and was the largest city in Greece at the time.

[18:1]  map For location see JP1 C2; JP2 C2; JP3 C2; JP4 C2.

[5:10]  ²² tn Heb “who gives.” The participle continues the doxology here. But the article is necessary because of the distance between this verse and the reference to God.

[5:10]  sn He gives rain. The use of the verb “gives” underscores the idea that rain is a gift from God. This would be more keenly felt in the Middle East where water is scarce.

[5:10]  ²³ tn In both halves of the verse the literal rendering would be “upon the face of the earth” and “upon the face of the fields.”

[5:10]  ²⁴ tn The second participle is simply coordinated to the first and therefore does not need the definite article repeated (see GKC 404 §126.b).

[5:10]  ²⁵ tn The Hebrew term חוּצוֹת (khutsot) basically means “outside,” or what is outside. It could refer to streets if what is meant is outside the house; but it refers to fields here (parallel to the more general word) because it is outside the village. See Ps 144:13 for the use of the expression for “countryside.” The LXX gives a much wider interpretation: “what is under heaven.”

[10:13]  ²⁶ tn Heb “At the voice of his giving.” The idiom “to give the voice” is often used for thunder (cf. BDB 679 s.v. נָתַן Qal.1.x).

[10:13]  ²⁷ tn Heb “from the ends of the earth.”

[10:13]  ²⁸ tn Heb “he brings out the winds from his storehouses.”

[14:22]  ²⁹ tn The word הֶבֶל (hevel), often translated “vanities”, is a common pejorative epithet for idols or false gods. See already in 8:19 and 10:8.

[14:22]  ³⁰ tn Heb “Is it not you, O Lord our God?” The words “who does” are supplied in the translation for English style.

[14:22]  ³¹ tn The rhetorical negatives are balanced by a rhetorical positive.

[10:1]  ³² tn Heb “the latter rain.” This expression refers to the last concentration of heavy rainfall in the spring of the year in Palestine, about March or April. Metaphorically and eschatologically (as here) the “latter rain” speaks of God’s outpouring of blessing in the end times (cf. Hos 6:3; Joel 2:21-25).