Mazmur 45:16

45:16 Your ¹  sons will carry ²  on the dynasty of your ancestors; ³ 

you will make them princes throughout the land.

Mazmur 59:4

59:4 Though I have done nothing wrong, ⁴  they are anxious to attack. ⁵ 

Spring into action and help me! Take notice of me! ⁶ 

Mazmur 73:20

73:20 They are like a dream after one wakes up. ⁷ 

O Lord, when you awake ⁸  you will despise them. ⁹ 

Mazmur 78:15

78:15 He broke open rocks in the wilderness,

and gave them enough water to fill the depths of the sea. ¹⁰ 

Mazmur 83:9

83:9 Do to them as you did to Midian ¹¹  –

as you did to Sisera and Jabin at the Kishon River! ¹² 

Mazmur 106:8

106:8 Yet he delivered them for the sake of his reputation, ¹³ 

that he might reveal his power.

Mazmur 107:40

107:40 He would pour ¹⁴  contempt upon princes,

and he made them wander in a wasteland with no road.

Mazmur 136:11

136:11 and led Israel out from their midst,

for his loyal love endures,

[45:16]  ¹ tn The pronoun is second masculine singular, indicating the king is being addressed from this point to the end of the psalm.

[45:16]  ² tn The prefixed verbal form could be taken as jussive and the statement interpreted as a prayer, “May your sons carry on the dynasty of your ancestors!” The next line could then be taken as a relative clause, “[your sons] whom you will make princes throughout the land.”

[45:16]  ³ tn Heb “in place of your fathers will be your sons.”

[59:4]  ⁴ tn Heb “without sin.”

[59:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “they run and they are determined.”

[59:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “arise to meet me and see.” The Hebrew verb קָרָא (qara’, “to meet; to encounter”) here carries the nuance of “to help.”

[73:20]  ⁷ tn Heb “like a dream from awakening.” They lack any real substance; their prosperity will last for only a brief time.

[73:20]  ⁸ sn When you awake. The psalmist compares God’s inactivity to sleep and the time of God’s judgment to his awakening from sleep.

[73:20]  ⁹ tn Heb “you will despise their form.” The Hebrew term צֶלֶם (tselem, “form; image”) also suggests their short-lived nature. Rather than having real substance, they are like the mere images that populate one’s dreams. Note the similar use of the term in Ps 39:6.

[78:15]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and caused them to drink, like the depths, abundantly.”

[83:9]  ¹¹ tn Heb “do to them like Midian.”

[83:9]  ¹² sn The psalmist alludes here to Gideon’s victory over the Midianites (see Judg 7-8) and to Barak’s victory over Jabin’s army, which was led by his general Sisera (Judg 4-5).

[106:8]  ¹³ tn Heb “his name,” which here stands metonymically for God’s reputation.

[107:40]  ¹⁴ tn The active participle is understood as past durative here, drawing attention to typical action in a past time frame. However, it could be taken as generalizing (in which case one should translate using the English present tense), in which case the psalmist moves from narrative to present reality. Perhaps the participial form appears because the statement is lifted from Job 12:21.