Mazmur 2:10

2:10 So now, you kings, do what is wise; ¹ 

you rulers of the earth, submit to correction! ² 

Mazmur 48:4

48:4 For ³  look, the kings assemble; ⁴ 

they advance together.

Mazmur 95:3

95:3 For the Lord is a great God,

a great king who is superior to ⁵  all gods.

Mazmur 105:20

105:20 The king authorized his release; ⁶ 

the ruler of nations set him free.

Mazmur 105:30

105:30 Their land was overrun by frogs,

which even got into the rooms of their kings.

Mazmur 135:10

135:10 He defeated many nations,

and killed mighty kings –

Mazmur 149:8

149:8 They bind ⁷  their kings in chains,

and their nobles in iron shackles,

[2:10]  ¹ sn The speaker here is either the psalmist or the Davidic king, who now addresses the rebellious kings.

[2:10]  ² tn The Niphal has here a tolerative nuance; the kings are urged to submit themselves to the advice being offered.

[48:4]  ³ tn The logical connection between vv. 3-4 seems to be this: God is the protector of Zion and reveals himself as the city’s defender – this is necessary because hostile armies threaten the city.

[48:4]  ⁴ tn The perfect verbal forms in vv. 4-6 are understood as descriptive. In dramatic style (note הִנֵּה, hinneh, “look”) the psalm describes an enemy attack against the city as if it were occurring at this very moment. Another option is to take the perfects as narrational (“the kings assembled, they advanced”), referring to a particular historical event, such as Sennacherib’s siege of the city in 701 b.c. (cf. NIV, NRSV). Even if one translates the verses in a dramatic-descriptive manner (as the present translation does), the Lord’s victory over the Assyrians was probably what served as the inspiration of the description (see v. 8).

[95:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “above.”

[105:20]  ⁶ tn Heb “[the] king sent and set him free.”

[149:8]  ⁷ tn Heb “to bind.”