Matius 22:19-22

22:19 Show me the coin used for the tax.” So ¹  they brought him a denarius. ²  22:20 Jesus ³  said to them, “Whose image ⁴  is this, and whose inscription?” 22:21 They replied, ⁵  “Caesar’s.” He said to them, ⁶  “Then give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” ⁷  22:22 Now when they heard this they were stunned, ⁸  and they left him and went away.

Lukas 20:24-26

20:24 “Show me a denarius. ⁹  Whose image ¹⁰  and inscription are on it?” ¹¹  They said, “Caesar’s.” 20:25 So ¹²  he said to them, “Then give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” ¹³  20:26 Thus ¹⁴  they were unable in the presence of the people to trap ¹⁵  him with his own words. ¹⁶  And stunned ¹⁷  by his answer, they fell silent.

Lukas 20:2

20:2 and said to him, ¹⁸  “Tell us: By what authority ¹⁹  are you doing these things? ²⁰  Or who it is who gave you this authority?”

Titus 2:1

Conduct Consistent with Sound Teaching

2:1 But as for you, communicate the behavior that goes with ²¹  sound teaching.

Wahyu 3:12

3:12 The one who conquers ²²  I will make ²³  a pillar in the temple of my God, and he will never depart from it. I ²⁴  will write on him the name of my God and the name of the city of my God (the new Jerusalem that comes down out of heaven from my God), ²⁵  and my new name as well.

[22:19]  ¹ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate their response to Jesus’ request for a coin.

[22:19]  ² tn Here the specific name of the coin was retained in the translation, because not all coins in circulation in Palestine at the time carried the image of Caesar. In other places δηνάριον (dhnarion) has been translated simply as “silver coin” with an explanatory note.

[22:19]  sn A denarius was a silver coin worth approximately one day’s wage for a laborer. The fact that they had such a coin showed that they already operated in the economic world of Rome. The denarius would have had a picture of Tiberius Caesar stamped on it.

[22:20]  ³ tn Grk “And he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Here καί (kai) has not been translated.

[22:20]  ⁴ tn Or “whose likeness.”

[22:20]  sn In this passage Jesus points to the image (Grk εἰκών, eikwn) of Caesar on the coin. This same Greek word is used in Gen 1:26 (LXX) to state that humanity is made in the “image” of God. Jesus is making a subtle yet powerful contrast: Caesar’s image is on the denarius, so he can lay claim to money through taxation, but God’s image is on humanity, so he can lay claim to each individual life.

[22:21]  ⁵ tn Grk “they said to him.”

[22:21]  ⁶ tn Grk “then he said to them.” τότε (tote) has not been translated to avoid redundancy.

[22:21]  ⁷ sn Jesus’ answer to give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s was a both/and, not the questioners’ either/or. So he slipped out of their trap.

[22:22]  ⁸ tn Grk “they were amazed; they marveled.”

[20:24]  ⁹ tn Here the specific name of the coin was retained in the translation, because not all coins in circulation in Palestine at the time carried the image of Caesar. In other places δηνάριον (dhnarion) has been translated simply as “silver coin” with an explanatory note.

[20:24]  sn A denarius was a silver coin worth approximately one day’s wage for a laborer. The fact that the leaders had such a coin showed that they already operated in the economic world of Rome. The denarius would have had a picture of Tiberius Caesar, the Roman emperor, on it.

[20:24]  ¹⁰ tn Or “whose likeness.”

[20:24]  sn In this passage Jesus points to the image (Grk εἰκών, eikwn) of Caesar on the coin. This same Greek word is used in Gen 1:26 (LXX) to state that humanity is made in the “image” of God. Jesus is making a subtle yet powerful contrast: Caesar’s image is on the denarius, so he can lay claim to money through taxation, but God’s image is on humanity, so he can lay claim to each individual life.

[20:24]  ¹¹ tn Grk “whose likeness and inscription does it have?”

[20:25]  ¹² tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate that Jesus’ pronouncement results from the opponents’ answer to his question.

[20:25]  ¹³ sn Jesus’ answer to give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s and to God the things that are God’s was a both/and, not the questioners’ either/or. So he slipped out of their trap.

[20:26]  ¹⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “thus” to indicate the implied result of Jesus’ unexpected answer.

[20:26]  ¹⁵ tn On this term, see BDAG 374 s.v. ἐπιλαμβάνομαι 3.

[20:26]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “to trap him in a saying.”

[20:26]  ¹⁷ tn Or “amazed.”

[20:2]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “and said, saying to him.” This is redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.

[20:2]  ¹⁹ tn On this phrase, see BDAG 844 s.v. ποῖος 2.a.γ.

[20:2]  ²⁰ sn The leadership is looking back to acts like the temple cleansing (19:45-48). How could a Galilean preacher do these things?

[2:1]  ²¹ tn Grk “say what is fitting for sound teaching” (introducing the behavior called for in this chapter.).

[3:12]  ²² tn Or “who is victorious”; traditionally, “who overcomes.”

[3:12]  ²³ tn Grk “I will make him,” but the pronoun (αὐτόν, auton, “him”) is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated here.

[3:12]  ²⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[3:12]  ²⁵ sn This description of the city of my God is parenthetical, explaining further the previous phrase and interrupting the list of “new names” given here.