Lukas 3:1

The Ministry of John the Baptist

3:1 In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, ¹  when Pontius Pilate ²  was governor of Judea, and Herod ³  was tetrarch ⁴  of Galilee, and his brother Philip ⁵  was tetrarch of the region of Iturea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias ⁶  was tetrarch of Abilene,

Lukas 19:22

19:22 The king ⁷  said to him, ‘I will judge you by your own words, ⁸  you wicked slave! ⁹  So you knew, did you, that I was a severe ¹⁰  man, withdrawing what I didn’t deposit and reaping what I didn’t sow?

Lukas 19:30

19:30 telling them, ¹¹  “Go to the village ahead of you. ¹²  When ¹³  you enter it, you will find a colt tied there that has never been ridden. ¹⁴  Untie it and bring it here.

Lukas 20:46

20:46 “Beware ¹⁵  of the experts in the law. ¹⁶  They ¹⁷  like walking around in long robes, and they love elaborate greetings ¹⁸  in the marketplaces and the best seats ¹⁹  in the synagogues ²⁰  and the places of honor at banquets.

[3:1]  ¹ tn Or “Emperor Tiberius” (“Caesar” is a title for the Roman emperor).

[3:1]  sn Tiberius Caesar was the Roman emperor Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus, who ruled from a.d. 14-37.

[3:1]  ² sn The rule of Pontius Pilate is also described by Josephus, J. W. 2.9.2-4 (2.169-177) and Ant. 18.3.1 (18.55-59).

[3:1]  ³ sn Herod refers here to Herod Antipas, son of Herod the Great. He ruled from 4 b.c.-a.d. 39, sharing the rule of his father’s realm with his two brothers. One brother, Archelaus (Matt 2:22) was banished in a.d. 6 and died in a.d. 18; the other brother, Herod Philip (mentioned next) died in a.d. 34.

[3:1]  ⁴ sn A tetrarch was a ruler with rank and authority lower than a king, who ruled only with the approval of the Roman authorities. This was roughly equivalent to being governor of a region. Several times in the NT, Herod tetrarch of Galilee is called a king (Matt 14:9, Mark 6:14-29), reflecting popular usage.

[3:1]  ⁵ sn Philip refers to Herod Philip, son of Herod the Great and brother of Herod Antipas. Philip ruled as tetrarch of Iturea and Trachonitis from 4 b.c.-a.d. 34.

[3:1]  ⁶ sn Nothing else is known about Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene.

[19:22]  ⁷ tn Grk “He”; the referent (the nobleman of v. 12, now a king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[19:22]  ⁸ tn Grk “out of your own mouth” (an idiom).

[19:22]  ⁹ tn Note the contrast between this slave, described as “wicked,” and the slave in v. 17, described as “good.”

[19:22]  ¹⁰ tn Or “exacting,” “harsh,” “hard.”

[19:30]  ¹¹ tn Grk “saying.”

[19:30]  ¹² tn Grk “the village lying before [you]” (BDAG 530 s.v. κατέναντι 2.a).

[19:30]  ¹³ tn Grk “in which entering.” This is a continuation of the previous sentence in Greek, but because of the length and complexity of the construction a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[19:30]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “a colt tied there on which no one of men has ever sat.”

[20:46]  ¹⁵ tn Or “Be on guard against.” This is a present imperative and indicates that pride is something to constantly be on the watch against.

[20:46]  ¹⁶ tn Or “of the scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 5:21.

[20:46]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “who,” continuing the sentence begun by the prior phrase.

[20:46]  ¹⁸ sn There is later Jewish material in the Talmud that spells out such greetings in detail. See D. L. Bock, Luke (BECNT), 2:1642; H. Windisch, TDNT 1:498.

[20:46]  ¹⁹ sn See Luke 14:1-14.

[20:46]  ²⁰ sn See the note on synagogues in 4:15.