Keluaran 8:24
Konteks8:24 The Lord did so; a 1 thick 2 swarm of flies came into 3 Pharaoh’s house and into the houses 4 of his servants, and throughout the whole land of Egypt the land was ruined 5 because of the swarms of flies.
Keluaran 1:12
Konteks1:12 But the more the Egyptians 6 oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread. 7 As a result the Egyptians loathed 8 the Israelites,
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[8:24] 1 tn Heb “and there came a….”
[8:24] 2 tn Heb “heavy,” or “severe.”
[8:24] 3 tn Here, and in the next phrase, the word “house” has to be taken as an adverbial accusative of termination.
[8:24] 4 tn The Hebrew text has the singular here.
[8:24] 5 tc Concerning the connection of “the land was ruined” with the preceding, S. R. Driver (Exodus, 68) suggests reading with the LXX, Smr, and Peshitta; this would call for adding a conjunction before the last clause to make it read, “into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants’ houses, and into all the land of Egypt; and the land was…”
[8:24] tn The Hebrew word תִּשָּׁחֵת (tishakhet) is a strong word; it is the Niphal imperfect of שָׁחַת (shakhat) and is translated “ruined.” If the classification as imperfect stands, then it would have to be something like a progressive imperfect (the land was being ruined); otherwise, it may simply be a preterite without the vav (ו) consecutive. The verb describes utter devastation. This is the verb that is used in Gen 13:10 to describe how Yahweh destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah. Swarms of flies would disrupt life, contaminate everything, and bring disease.
[1:12] 6 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Egyptians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[1:12] 7 tn The imperfect tenses in this verse are customary uses, expressing continual action in past time (see GKC 315 §107.e). For other examples of כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka’asher) with כֵּן (ken) expressing a comparison (“just as…so”) see Gen 41:13; Judg 1:7; Isa 31:4.
[1:12] sn Nothing in the oppression caused this, of course. Rather, the blessing of God (Gen 12:1-3) was on Israel in spite of the efforts of Egypt to hinder it. According to Gen 15 God had foretold that there would be this period of oppression (עָנָה [’anah] in Gen 15:13). In other words, God had decreed and predicted both their becoming a great nation and the oppression to show that he could fulfill his promise to Abraham in spite of the bondage.
[1:12] 8 tn Heb “they felt a loathing before/because of”; the referent (the Egyptians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.