Keluaran 34:22-23

34:22 “You must observe ¹  the Feast of Weeks – the firstfruits of the harvest of wheat – and the Feast of Ingathering at the end ²  of the year. 34:23 At three times ³  in the year all your men ⁴  must appear before the Lord God, ⁵  the God of Israel.

[34:22]  ¹ tn The imperfect tense means “you will do”; it is followed by the preposition with a suffix to express the ethical dative to stress the subject.

[34:22]  ² tn The expression is “the turn of the year,” which is parallel to “the going out of the year,” and means the end of the agricultural season.

[34:23]  ³ tn “Three times” is an adverbial accusative.

[34:23]  ⁴ tn Heb “all your males.”

[34:23]  ⁵ tn Here the divine name reads in Hebrew הָאָדֹן יְהוָה (ha’adon yÿhvah), which if rendered according to the traditional scheme of “Lord” for “Yahweh” would result in “Lord Lord.” A number of English versions therefore render this phrase “Lord God,” and that convention has been followed here.

[34:23]  sn The title “Lord” is included here before the divine name (translated “God” here; see Exod 23:17), perhaps to form a contrast with Baal (which means “lord” as well) and to show the sovereignty of Yahweh. But the distinct designation “the God of Israel” is certainly the point of the renewed covenant relationship.