Kejadian 14:10
Konteks14:10 Now the Valley of Siddim was full of tar pits. 1 When the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, they fell into them, 2 but some survivors 3 fled to the hills. 4
Kejadian 14:15
Konteks14:15 Then, during the night, 5 Abram 6 divided his forces 7 against them and defeated them. He chased them as far as Hobah, which is north 8 of Damascus.
Kejadian 18:2
Konteks18:2 Abraham 9 looked up 10 and saw 11 three men standing across 12 from him. When he saw them 13 he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them and bowed low 14 to the ground. 15
Kejadian 18:6
Konteks18:6 So Abraham hurried into the tent and said to Sarah, “Quick! Take 16 three measures 17 of fine flour, knead it, and make bread.” 18
Kejadian 31:17
Konteks31:17 So Jacob immediately put his children and his wives on the camels. 19
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[14:10] 1 tn Heb “Now the Valley of Siddim [was] pits, pits of tar.” This parenthetical disjunctive clause emphasizes the abundance of tar pits in the area through repetition of the noun “pits.”
[14:10] sn The word for “tar” (or “bitumen”) occurs earlier in the story of the building of the tower in Babylon (see Gen 11:3).
[14:10] 2 tn Or “they were defeated there.” After a verb of motion the Hebrew particle שָׁם (sham) with the directional heh (שָׁמָּה, shammah) can mean “into it, therein” (BDB 1027 s.v. שָׁם).
[14:10] 4 sn The reference to the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah must mean the kings along with their armies. Most of them were defeated in the valley, but some of them escaped to the hills.
[14:15] 5 tn The Hebrew text simply has “night” as an adverbial accusative.
[14:15] 6 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Abram) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[14:15] 7 tn Heb “he divided himself…he and his servants.”
[14:15] 8 tn Heb “left.” Directions in ancient Israel were given in relation to the east rather than the north.
[18:2] 9 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Abraham) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[18:2] 10 tn Heb “lifted up his eyes.”
[18:2] 11 tn Heb “and saw, and look.” The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) draws attention to what he saw. The drawn-out description focuses the reader’s attention on Abraham’s deliberate, fixed gaze and indicates that what he is seeing is significant.
[18:2] 12 tn The Hebrew preposition עַל (’al) indicates the three men were nearby, but not close by, for Abraham had to run to meet them.
[18:2] 13 tn The pronoun “them” has been supplied in the translation for clarification. In the Hebrew text the verb has no stated object.
[18:2] 14 tn The form וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ (vayyishtakhu, “and bowed low”) is from the verb הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה (hishtakhavah, “to worship, bow low to the ground”). It is probably from a root חָוָה (khavah), though some derive it from שָׁחָה (shakhah).
[18:2] 15 sn The reader knows this is a theophany. The three visitors are probably the
[18:6] 16 tn The word “take” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. In the Hebrew text the sentence lacks a verb other than the imperative “hurry.” The elliptical structure of the language reflects Abraham’s haste to get things ready quickly.
[18:6] 17 sn Three measures (Heb “three seahs”) was equivalent to about twenty quarts (twenty-two liters) of flour, which would make a lot of bread. The animal prepared for the meal was far more than the three visitors needed. This was a banquet for royalty. Either it had been a lonely time for Abraham and the presence of visitors made him very happy, or he sensed this was a momentous visit.
[18:6] 18 sn The bread was the simple, round bread made by bedouins that is normally prepared quickly for visitors.
[31:17] 19 tn Heb “and Jacob arose and he lifted up his sons and his wives on to the camels.”