Kejadian 11:9

11:9 That is why its name was called ¹  Babel ²  – because there the Lord confused the language of the entire world, and from there the Lord scattered them across the face of the entire earth.

Kejadian 19:33

19:33 So that night they made their father drunk with wine, ³  and the older daughter ⁴  came and had sexual relations with her father. ⁵  But he was not aware that she had sexual relations with him and then got up. ⁶ 

Kejadian 47:20

47:20 So Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh. Each ⁷  of the Egyptians sold his field, for the famine was severe. ⁸  So the land became Pharaoh’s.

[11:9]  ¹ tn The verb has no expressed subject and so can be rendered as a passive in the translation.

[11:9]  ² sn Babel. Here is the climax of the account, a parody on the pride of Babylon. In the Babylonian literature the name bab-ili meant “the gate of God,” but in Hebrew it sounds like the word for “confusion,” and so retained that connotation. The name “Babel” (בָּבֶל, bavel) and the verb translated “confused” (בָּלַל, balal) form a paronomasia (sound play). For the many wordplays and other rhetorical devices in Genesis, see J. P. Fokkelman, Narrative Art in Genesis (SSN).

[19:33]  ³ tn Heb “drink wine.”

[19:33]  ⁴ tn Heb “the firstborn.”

[19:33]  ⁵ tn Heb “and the firstborn came and lied down with her father.” The expression “lied down with” here and in the following verses is a euphemism for sexual relations.

[19:33]  ⁶ tn Heb “and he did not know when she lay down and when she arose.”

[47:20]  ⁷ tn The Hebrew text connects this clause with the preceding one with a causal particle (כִּי, ki). The translation divides the clauses into two sentences for stylistic reasons.

[47:20]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew text adds “upon them.” This has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.