Yohanes 12:31

12:31 Now is the judgment of this world; now the ruler of this world ¹  will be driven out. ² 

Yohanes 14:30

14:30 I will not speak with you much longer, ³  for the ruler of this world is coming. ⁴  He has no power over me, ⁵ 

Efesus 2:2

2:2 in which ⁶  you formerly lived ⁷  according to this world’s present path, ⁸  according to the ruler of the kingdom ⁹  of the air, the ruler of ¹⁰  the spirit ¹¹  that is now energizing ¹²  the sons of disobedience, ¹³ 

Wahyu 13:2

13:2 Now ¹⁴  the beast that I saw was like a leopard, but its feet were like a bear’s, and its mouth was like a lion’s mouth. The ¹⁵  dragon gave the beast ¹⁶  his power, his throne, and great authority to rule. ¹⁷ 

Wahyu 13:7

13:7 The beast ¹⁸  was permitted to go to war against the saints and conquer them. ¹⁹  He was given ruling authority ²⁰  over every tribe, people, ²¹  language, and nation,

[12:31]  ¹ sn The ruler of this world is a reference to Satan.

[12:31]  ² tn Or “will be thrown out.” This translation regards the future passive ἐκβληθήσεται (ekblhqhsetai) as referring to an event future to the time of speaking.

[12:31]  sn The phrase driven out must refer to Satan’s loss of authority over this world. This must be in principle rather than in immediate fact, since 1 John 5:19 states that the whole world (still) lies in the power of the evil one (a reference to Satan). In an absolute sense the reference is proleptic. The coming of Jesus’ hour (his crucifixion, death, resurrection, and exaltation to the Father) marks the end of Satan’s domain and brings about his defeat, even though that defeat has not been ultimately worked out in history yet and awaits the consummation of the age.

[14:30]  ³ tn Grk “I will no longer speak many things with you.”

[14:30]  ⁴ sn The ruler of this world is a reference to Satan.

[14:30]  ⁵ tn Grk “in me he has nothing.”

[2:2]  ⁶ sn The relative pronoun which is feminine as is sins, indicating that sins is the antecedent.

[2:2]  ⁷ tn Grk “walked.”

[2:2]  sn The Greek verb translated lived (περιπατέω, peripatew) in the NT letters refers to the conduct of one’s life, not to physical walking.

[2:2]  ⁸ tn Or possibly “Aeon.”

[2:2]  sn The word translated present path is the same as that which has been translated [this] age in 1:21 (αἰών, aiwn).

[2:2]  ⁹ tn Grk “domain, [place of] authority.”

[2:2]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “of” (but see the note on the word “spirit” later in this verse).

[2:2]  ¹¹ sn The ruler of the kingdom of the air is also the ruler of the spirit that is now energizing the sons of disobedience. Although several translations regard the ruler to be the same as the spirit, this is unlikely since the cases in Greek are different (ruler is accusative and spirit is genitive). To get around this, some have suggested that the genitive for spirit is a genitive of apposition. However, the semantics of the genitive of apposition are against such an interpretation (cf. ExSyn 100).

[2:2]  ¹² tn Grk “working in.”

[2:2]  ¹³ sn Sons of disobedience is a Semitic idiom that means “people characterized by disobedience.” However, it also contains a subtle allusion to vv. 4-10: Some of those sons of disobedience have become sons of God.

[13:2]  ¹⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the parenthetical nature of the following description of the beast.

[13:2]  ¹⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[13:2]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “gave it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:2]  ¹⁷ tn For the translation “authority to rule” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.

[13:7]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “and it was given to him to go to war.” Here the passive construction has been simplified, the referent (the beast) has been specified for clarity, and καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[13:7]  ¹⁹ tc Many mss omit the phrase “it was given to make war with the saints and to overcome them” (Ì⁴⁷ A C 2053 Ï^A sa). It is, however, found in Ì^115vid א 051 1006 (1611) 1841 (1854) 2329 2344 2351 (Ï^K) lat sy^ph,(h) bo. Although the ms evidence is somewhat in favor of the shorter reading, the support of ̹¹⁵ (a recently-discovered ms) for the longer reading balances things out. Normally, the shorter reading should be given preference. However, in an instance in which homoioteleuton could play a role, caution must be exercised. In this passage, accidental omission is quite likely. That this could have happened seems apparent from the two occurrences of the identical phrase “and it was given to him” (καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ, kai edoqh autw) in v. 7. The scribe’s eye skipped over the first καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ and went to the second, hence creating an accidental omission of eleven words.

[13:7]  ²⁰ tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.

[13:7]  ²¹ tn Grk “and people,” but καί (kai) has not been translated here or before the following term since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.