Yeremia 19:15

19:15 “The Lord God of Israel who rules over all ¹  says, ‘I will soon bring on this city and all the towns surrounding it ²  all the disaster I threatened to do to it. I will do so because they have stubbornly refused ³  to pay any attention to what I have said!’”

Yeremia 19:2

19:2 Go out to the part of the Hinnom Valley which is near the entrance of the Potsherd Gate. ⁴  Announce there what I tell you. ⁵ 

Kisah Para Rasul 17:14

17:14 Then the brothers sent Paul away to the coast ⁶  at once, but Silas and Timothy remained in Berea. ⁷ 

Kisah Para Rasul 17:2

17:2 Paul went to the Jews in the synagogue, ⁸  as he customarily did, and on three Sabbath days he addressed ⁹  them from the scriptures,

Kisah Para Rasul 1:8

1:8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the farthest parts ¹⁰  of the earth.”

Nehemia 9:17

9:17 They refused to obey and did not recall your miracles that you had performed among them. Instead, they rebelled and appointed a leader to return to their bondage in Egypt. ¹¹  But you are a God of forgiveness, merciful and compassionate, slow to get angry and unfailing in your loyal love. ¹²  You did not abandon them,

Nehemia 9:29

9:29 And you solemnly admonished them in order to return them to your law, but they behaved presumptuously and did not obey your commandments. They sinned against your ordinances – those by which an individual, if he obeys them, ¹³  will live. They boldly turned from you; ¹⁴  they rebelled ¹⁵  and did not obey.

Amsal 29:1

29:1 The one who stiffens his neck ¹⁶  after numerous rebukes ¹⁷ 

will suddenly be destroyed ¹⁸  without remedy. ¹⁹ 

Yesaya 48:4

48:4 I did this ²⁰  because I know how stubborn you are.

Your neck muscles are like iron

and your forehead like bronze. ²¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 7:51

7:51 “You stubborn ²²  people, with uncircumcised ²³  hearts and ears! ²⁴  You are always resisting the Holy Spirit, like your ancestors ²⁵  did!

Roma 2:5

2:5 But because of your stubbornness ²⁶  and your unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath for yourselves in the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment is revealed! ²⁷ 

[19:15]  ¹ tn Heb “Yahweh of armies, the God of Israel.”

[19:15]  sn See the study notes on 2:19 and 7:3 for explanation of this title.

[19:15]  ² tn Heb “all its towns.”

[19:15]  ³ tn Heb “They hardened [or made stiff] their neck so as not to.”

[19:2]  ⁴ sn The exact location of the Potsherd Gate is unknown since it is nowhere else mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. It is sometimes identified with the Dung Gate mentioned in Neh 2:13; 3:13-14; 12:31 on the basis of the Jerusalem Targum. It is probably called “Potsherd Gate” because that is where the potter threw out the broken pieces of pottery which were no longer of use to him. The Valley of Ben Hinnom has already been mentioned in 7:31-32 in connection with the illicit religious practices, including child sacrifice, which took place there. The Valley of Ben Hinnom (or sometimes Valley of Hinnom) runs along the west and south sides of Jerusalem.

[19:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “the words that I will speak to you.”

[17:14]  ⁶ tn Grk “to the sea.” Here ἕως ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν ({ew" epi thn qalassan) must mean “to the edge of the sea,” that is, “to the coast.” Since there is no mention of Paul taking a ship to Athens, he presumably traveled overland. The journey would have been about 340 mi (550 km).

[17:14]  ⁷ tn Grk “remained there”; the referent (Berea) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[17:2]  ⁸ tn Grk “he went in to them”; the referent (the Jews in the synagogue) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[17:2]  ⁹ tn Although the word διελέξατο (dielexato; from διαλέγομαι, dialegomai) is frequently translated “reasoned,” “disputed,” or “argued,” this sense comes from its classical meaning where it was used of philosophical disputation, including the Socratic method of questions and answers. However, there does not seem to be contextual evidence for this kind of debate in Acts 17:2. As G. Schrenk (TDNT 2:94-95) points out, “What is at issue is the address which any qualified member of a synagogue might give.” Other examples of this may be found in the NT in Matt 4:23 and Mark 1:21.

[1:8]  ¹⁰ tn Or “to the ends.”

[9:17]  ¹¹ tc The present translation follows a few medieval Hebrew MSS and the LXX in reading בְּמִצְרָיִם (bÿmitsrayim, “in Egypt”; so also NAB, NASB, NRSV, TEV, NLT) rather than the MT reading בְּמִרְיָם (bÿmiryam, “in their rebellion”).

[9:17]  ¹² tc The translation follows the Qere reading חֶסֶד (khesed, “loyal love”) rather than the Kethib reading וְחֶסֶד (vÿkhesed, “and loyal love”) of the MT.

[9:29]  ¹³ tn Heb “if a man keep.” See note on the word “obey” in Neh 1:5.

[9:29]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “they gave a stubborn shoulder.”

[9:29]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “they stiffened their neck.”

[29:1]  ¹⁶ tn The idiom “to harden the neck” (מַקְשֶׁה־עֹרֶף, maqsheh-’oref) is the idea of resisting the rebukes and persisting in obstinacy (e.g., Exod 32:9). The opposite of a “stiff neck” would be the bending back, i.e., submission.

[29:1]  ¹⁷ tn The Hebrew construction is אִישׁ תּוֹכָחוֹת (’ish tokhakhot, “a man of rebukes”), meaning “a man who has (or receives) many rebukes.” This describes a person who is deserving of punishment and who has been given many warnings. The text says, then, “a man of rebukes hardening himself.”

[29:1]  ¹⁸ sn The stubborn person refuses to listen; he will suddenly be destroyed when the calamity strikes (e.g., Prov 6:15; 13:18; 15:10).

[29:1]  ¹⁹ tn Or “healing” (NRSV).

[48:4]  ²⁰ tn The words “I did this” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. In the Hebrew text v. 4 is subordinated to v. 3.

[48:4]  ²¹ sn The image is that of a person who has tensed the muscles of the face and neck as a sign of resolute refusal.

[7:51]  ²² sn Traditionally, “stiff-necked people.” Now the critique begins in earnest.

[7:51]  ²³ tn The term ἀπερίτμητοι (aperitmhtoi, “uncircumcised”) is a NT hapax legomenon (occurs only once). See BDAG 101-2 s.v. ἀπερίτμητος and Isa 52:1.

[7:51]  ²⁴ tn Or “You stubborn and obstinate people!” (The phrase “uncircumcised hearts and ears” is another figure for stubbornness.)

[7:51]  ²⁵ tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[2:5]  ²⁶ tn Grk “hardness.” Concerning this imagery, see Jer 4:4; Ezek 3:7; 1 En. 16:3.

[2:5]  ²⁷ tn Grk “in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God.”