Imamat 5:17

Unknown trespass

5:17 “If a person sins and violates any of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated ¹  (although he did not know it at the time, ²  but later realizes he is guilty), then he will bear his punishment for iniquity ³ 

Imamat 7:17

7:17 but the leftovers from the meat of the sacrifice must be burned up in the fire ⁴  on the third day.

Imamat 25:23

25:23 The land must not be sold without reclaim ⁵  because the land belongs to me, for you are foreigners and residents with me. ⁶ 

Imamat 25:27

25:27 he is to calculate the value of the years it was sold, ⁷  refund the balance ⁸  to the man to whom he had sold it, and return to his property.

Imamat 26:40

26:40 However, when ⁹  they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquity which they committed by trespassing against me, ¹⁰  by which they also walked ¹¹  in hostility against me ¹² 

[5:17]  ¹ tn Heb “and does one from all of the commandments of the Lord which must not be done.”

[5:17]  ² tn The words “at the time” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.

[5:17]  ³ tn Heb “and he did not know, and he shall be guilty and he shall bear his iniquity” (for the rendering “bear his punishment [for iniquity]”) see the note on Lev 5:1.) This portion of v. 17 is especially difficult. The translation offered here suggests (as in many other English versions) that the offender did not originally know that he had violated the Lord’s commandments, but then came to know it and dealt with it accordingly (cf. the corresponding sin offering section in Lev 5:1-4). Another possibility is that it refers to a situation where a person suspects that he violated something although he does not recollect it. Thus, he brings a guilt offering for his suspected violation (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:331-34, 361-63). See also R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 1:561-62.

[7:17]  ⁴ tn Heb “burned with fire,” an expression which is sometimes redundant in English, but here means “burned up,” “burned up entirely” (likewise in v. 19).

[25:23]  ⁵ tn The term rendered “without reclaim” means that the land has been bought for the full price and is, therefore, not subject to reclaim under any circumstances. This was not to be done with land in ancient Israel (contrast the final full sale of houses in v. 30; see the evidence cited in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 174).

[25:23]  ⁶ tn That is, the Israelites were strangers and residents who were attached to the Lord’s household. They did not own the land. Note the parallel to the “priest’s lodger” in Lev 22:10.

[25:27]  ⁷ tn Heb “and he shall calculate its years of sale.”

[25:27]  ⁸ tn Heb “and return the excess.”

[26:40]  ⁹ tn Heb “And.” Many English versions take this to be a conditional clause (“if…”) though there is no conditional particle (see, e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV; but see the very different rendering in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 190). The temporal translation offered here (“when”) takes into account the particle אָז (’az, “then”), which occurs twice in v. 41. The obvious contextual contrast between vv. 39 and 40 is expressed by “however” in the translation.

[26:40]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “in their trespassing which they trespassed in me.” See the note on Lev 5:15, although the term is used in a more technical sense there in relation to the “guilt offering.”

[26:40]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and also which they walked.”

[26:40]  ¹² tn Heb “with me.”