Kejadian 16:3

16:3 So after Abram had lived ¹  in Canaan for ten years, Sarai, Abram’s wife, gave Hagar, her Egyptian servant, ²  to her husband to be his wife. ³ 

Kejadian 21:10

21:10 So she said to Abraham, “Banish ⁴  that slave woman and her son, for the son of that slave woman will not be an heir along with my son Isaac!”

Kejadian 22:24

22:24 His concubine, whose name was Reumah, also bore him children – Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.

Kejadian 25:1

The Death of Abraham

25:1 Abraham had taken ⁵  another ⁶  wife, named Keturah.

Kejadian 25:6

25:6 But while he was still alive, Abraham gave gifts to the sons of his concubines ⁷  and sent them off to the east, away from his son Isaac. ⁸ 

Kejadian 33:2

33:2 He put the servants and their children in front, with Leah and her children behind them, and Rachel and Joseph behind them. ⁹ 

Kejadian 35:22

35:22 While Israel was living in that land, Reuben had sexual relations with ¹⁰  Bilhah, his father’s concubine, and Israel heard about it.

Jacob had twelve sons:

Kejadian 35:2

35:2 So Jacob told his household and all who were with him, “Get rid of the foreign gods you have among you. ¹¹  Purify yourselves and change your clothes. ¹² 

1 Samuel 12:11

12:11 So the Lord sent Jerub-Baal, ¹³  Barak, ¹⁴  Jephthah, and Samuel, ¹⁵  and he delivered you from the hand of the enemies all around you, and you were able to live securely.

[16:3]  ¹ tn Heb “at the end of ten years, to live, Abram.” The prepositional phrase introduces the temporal clause, the infinitive construct serves as the verb, and the name “Abram” is the subject.

[16:3]  ² tn Heb “the Egyptian, her female servant.”

[16:3]  ³ sn To be his wife. Hagar became a slave wife, not on equal standing with Sarai. However, if Hagar produced the heir, she would be the primary wife in the eyes of society. When this eventually happened, Hagar become insolent, prompting Sarai’s anger.

[21:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “drive out.” The language may seem severe, but Sarah’s maternal instincts sensed a real danger in that Ishmael was not treating Isaac with the proper respect.

[25:1]  ⁵ tn Or “took.”

[25:1]  sn Abraham had taken another wife. These events are not necessarily in chronological order following the events of the preceding chapter. They are listed here to summarize Abraham’s other descendants before the narrative of his death.

[25:1]  ⁶ tn Heb “And Abraham added and took.”

[25:6]  ⁷ tn Heb “the sons of the concubines who [belonged] to Abraham.”

[25:6]  ⁸ tn Heb “And he sent them away from upon Isaac his son, while he was still living, eastward to the land of the east.”

[33:2]  ⁹ sn This kind of ranking according to favoritism no doubt fed the jealousy over Joseph that later becomes an important element in the narrative. It must have been painful to the family to see that they were expendable.

[35:22]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and Reuben went and lay with.” The expression “lay with” is a euphemism for having sexual intercourse.

[35:22]  sn Reuben’s act of having sexual relations with Bilhah probably had other purposes than merely satisfying his sexual desire. By having sex with Bilhah, Reuben (Leah’s oldest son) would have prevented Bilhah from succeeding Rachel as the favorite wife, and by sleeping with his father’s concubine he would also be attempting to take over leadership of the clan – something Absalom foolishly attempted later on in Israel’s history (2 Sam 16:21-22).

[35:2]  ¹¹ tn Heb “which are in your midst.”

[35:2]  ¹² sn The actions of removing false gods, becoming ritually clean, and changing garments would become necessary steps in Israel when approaching the Lord in worship.

[12:11]  ¹³ sn Jerub-Baal (יְרֻבַּעַל) is also known as Gideon (see Judg 6:32). The Book of Judges uses both names for him.

[12:11]  ¹⁴ tc The MT has “Bedan” (בְּדָן) here (cf. KJV, NASB, CEV). But a deliverer by this name is not elsewhere mentioned in the OT. The translation follows the LXX and the Syriac Peshitta in reading “Barak.”

[12:11]  ¹⁵ tc In the ancient versions there is some confusion with regard to these names, both with regard to the particular names selected for mention and with regard to the order in which they are listed. For example, the LXX has “Jerub-Baal, Barak, Jephthah, and Samuel.” But the Targum has “Gideon, Samson, Jephthah, and Samuel,” while the Syriac Peshitta has “Deborah, Barak, Gideon, Jephthah, and Samson.”