Daniel 7:21

7:21 While I was watching, that horn began to wage war against the holy ones and was defeating ¹  them,

Daniel 11:15

11:15 Then the king of the north will advance and will build siege mounds and capture a well-fortified city. ²  The forces of the south will not prevail, not even his finest contingents. ³  They will have no strength to prevail.

Daniel 11:11

11:11 “Then the king of the south ⁴  will be enraged and will march out to fight against the king of the north, who will also muster a large army, but that army will be delivered into his hand.

Daniel 11:19

11:19 He will then turn his attention to the fortresses of his own land, but he will stumble and fall, not to be found again.

Daniel 2:44

2:44 In the days of those kings the God of heaven will raise up an everlasting kingdom that will not be destroyed and a kingdom that will not be left to another people. It will break in pieces and bring about the demise of all these kingdoms. But it will stand forever.

Daniel 11:7

11:7 “There will arise in his ⁵  place one from her family line ⁶  who will come against their army and will enter the stronghold of the king of the north and will move against them successfully. ⁷ 

Daniel 1:2

1:2 Now the Lord ⁸  delivered ⁹  King Jehoiakim of Judah into his power, ¹⁰  along with some of the vessels ¹¹  of the temple of God. ¹²  He brought them to the land of Babylonia ¹³  to the temple of his god ¹⁴  and put ¹⁵  the vessels in the treasury of his god.

Daniel 7:24

7:24 The ten horns

mean that ten kings will arise from that kingdom.

Another king will arise after them,

but he will be different from the earlier ones.

He will humiliate ¹⁶  three kings.

Daniel 11:12

11:12 When the army is taken away, the king of the south will become arrogant. ¹⁷  He will be responsible for the death ¹⁸  of thousands and thousands of people, ¹⁹  but he will not continue to prevail.

Daniel 11:18

11:18 Then he will turn his attention ²⁰  to the coastal regions and will capture many of them. But a commander ²¹  will bring his shameful conduct to a halt; in addition, ²²  he will make him pay for his shameful conduct. ²³ 

Daniel 11:10

11:10 His sons ²⁴  will wage war, mustering a large army which will advance like an overflowing river and carrying the battle all the way to the enemy’s ²⁵  fortress. ²⁶ 

Daniel 11:13

11:13 For the king of the north will again muster an army, one larger than before. At the end of some years he will advance with a huge army and enormous supplies.

Daniel 11:17

11:17 His intention ²⁷  will be to come with the strength of his entire kingdom, and he will form alliances. ²⁸  He will give the king of the south ²⁹  a daughter ³⁰  in marriage in order to destroy the kingdom, but it will not turn out to his advantage.

Daniel 11:30

11:30 The ships of Kittim ³¹  will come against him, leaving him disheartened. ³²  He will turn back and direct his indignation against the holy covenant. He will return and honor ³³  those who forsake the holy covenant.

Daniel 11:39

11:39 He will attack ³⁴  mighty fortresses, aided by ³⁵  a foreign deity. To those who recognize him he will grant considerable honor. He will place them in authority over many people, and he will parcel out land for a price. ³⁶ 

[7:21]  ¹ tn Aram “prevailing against” (KJV and ASV both similar); NASB “overpowering them”; TEV “conquered them.”

[11:15]  ² sn This well-fortified city is apparently Sidon. Its capture from the Ptolemies by Antiochus the Great was a strategic victory for the Seleucid kingdom.

[11:15]  ³ tn Or “choice troops” (BDB 104 s.v. מִבְחָר), or “elite troops” (HALOT 542 s.v. מִבְחָר).

[11:11]  ⁴ sn This king of the south refers to Ptolemy IV Philopator (ca. 221-204 B.C.).

[11:7]  ⁵ sn The reference is to the king of Egypt.

[11:7]  ⁶ tn Heb “the stock of her roots.”

[11:7]  sn The reference to one from her family line is probably to Berenice’s brother, Ptolemy III Euergetes (ca. 246-221 B.C.).

[11:7]  ⁷ tn Heb “will deal with them and prevail.”

[1:2]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew term translated “Lord” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[1:2]  ⁹ tn Heb “gave.”

[1:2]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “hand,” which is often used idiomatically for one’s power and authority. See BDB 390 s.v. יָד 2.

[1:2]  ¹¹ tn Or “utensils”; or “articles.”

[1:2]  ¹² tn Heb “house of God.”

[1:2]  ¹³ sn The land of Babylonia (Heb “the land of Shinar”) is another name for Sumer and Akkad, where Babylon was located (cf. Gen 10:10; 11:2; 14:1, 9; Josh 7:21; Isa 11:11; Zech 5:11).

[1:2]  ¹⁴ tn Or “gods” (NCV, NRSV, TEV; also later in this verse). The Hebrew term can be used as a numerical plural for many gods or as a plural of majesty for one particular god. Since Nebuchadnezzar was a polytheist, it is not clear if the reference here is to many gods or one particular deity. The plural of majesty, while normally used for Israel’s God, is occasionally used of foreign gods (cf. BDB 43 s.v. אֱלֹהִים 1, 2). See Judg 11:24 (of the Moabite god Chemosh); 1 Sam 5:7 (of the Philistine god Dagon); 1 Kgs 11:33 (of the Canaanite goddess Astarte, the Moabite god Chemosh, and the Ammonite god Milcom); 2 Kgs 19:37 (of the Assyrian god Nisroch). Since gods normally had their own individual temples, Dan 1:2 probably refers to a particular deity, perhaps Marduk, the supreme god of Babylon, or Marduk’s son Nabu, after whom Nebuchadnezzar was named. The name Nebuchadnezzar means “Nabu has protected the son who will inherit” (HALOT 660 s.v. נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר). For a discussion of how temples functioned in Babylonian religion see H. Ringgren, Religions of the Ancient Near East, 77-81.

[1:2]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “brought.” Though the Hebrew verb “brought” is repeated in this verse, the translation uses “brought…put” for stylistic variation.

[7:24]  ¹⁶ tn Or “subjugate”; KJV, NASB, NIV “subdue”; ASV, NRSV “put down.”

[11:12]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “his heart will be lifted up.” The referent (the king of the south) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:12]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “cause to fall.”

[11:12]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “of myriads.”

[11:18]  ²⁰ tn Heb “his face.” See v. 19 as well.

[11:18]  ²¹ sn The commander is probably the Roman commander, Lucius Cornelius Scipio.

[11:18]  ²² tn The Hebrew here is difficult in that the negative בִּלְתִּי (biltiy, “not”) is used in an unusual way. The sense is not entirely clear.

[11:18]  ²³ tn Heb “his shameful conduct he will return to him.”

[11:10]  ²⁴ sn The sons of Seleucus II Callinicus were Seleucus III Ceraunus (ca. 227-223 B.C.) and Antiochus III the Great (ca. 223-187 B.C.).

[11:10]  ²⁵ tn Heb “his”; the referent (the enemy of the king of the north) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:10]  ²⁶ tn Heb “and he will certainly come and overflow and cross over and return and be aroused unto a fortress.” The translation has attempted to simplify the syntax of this difficult sequence.

[11:17]  ²⁷ tn Heb “and he will set his face.” Cf. vv. 18, 19.

[11:17]  ²⁸ tc The present translation reads מֵישָׁרִים (mesharim, “alliances”) for the MT וִישָׁרִים (viysharim, “uprightness”).

[11:17]  ²⁹ tn Heb “him”; the referent (the king of the south) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:17]  ³⁰ tn Heb “the daughter of the women.”

[11:17]  sn The daughter refers to Cleopatra, the daughter of Antiochus, who was given in marriage to Ptolemy V.

[11:30]  ³¹ sn The name Kittim has various designations in extra-biblical literature. It can refer to a location on the island of Cyprus, or more generally to the island itself, or it can be an inclusive term to refer to parts of the Mediterranean world that lay west of the Middle East (e.g., Rome). For ships of Kittim the Greek OT (LXX) has “Romans,” an interpretation followed by a few English versions (e.g., TEV). A number of times in the Dead Sea Scrolls the word is used in reference to the Romans. Other English versions are more generic: “[ships] of the western coastlands” (NIV, NLT); “from the west” (NCV, CEV).

[11:30]  ³² sn This is apparently a reference to the Roman forces, led by Gaius Popilius Laenas, which confronted Antiochus when he came to Egypt and demanded that he withdraw or face the wrath of Rome. Antiochus wisely withdrew from Egypt, albeit in a state of bitter frustration.

[11:30]  ³³ tn Heb “show regard for.”

[11:39]  ³⁴ tn Heb “act against.”

[11:39]  ³⁵ tn Heb “with.”

[11:39]  ³⁶ tn Or perhaps “for a reward.”