Daniel 5:19-20

5:19 Due to the greatness that he bestowed on him, all peoples, nations, and language groups were trembling with fear ¹  before him. He killed whom he wished, he spared ²  whom he wished, he exalted whom he wished, and he brought low whom he wished. 5:20 And when his mind ³  became arrogant ⁴  and his spirit filled with pride, he was deposed from his royal throne and his honor was removed from him.

Daniel 5:23

5:23 Instead, you have exalted yourself against the Lord of heaven. You brought before you the vessels from his temple, and you and your nobles, together with your wives and concubines, drank wine from them. You praised the gods of silver, gold, bronze, iron, wood, and stone – gods ⁵  that cannot see or hear or comprehend! But you have not glorified the God who has in his control ⁶  your very breath and all your ways!

[5:19]  ¹ tn Aram “were trembling and fearing.” This can be treated as a hendiadys, “were trembling with fear.”

[5:19]  ² tn Aram “let live.” This Aramaic form is the aphel participle of חַיָה(khayah, “to live”). Theodotion and the Vulgate mistakenly take the form to be from מְחָא (mÿkha’, “to smite”).

[5:20]  ³ tn Aram “heart.”

[5:20]  ⁴ sn The point of describing Nebuchadnezzar as arrogant is that he had usurped divine prerogatives, and because of his immense arrogance God had dealt decisively with him.

[5:23]  ⁵ tn Aram “which.”

[5:23]  ⁶ tn Aram “in whose hand [are].”