Daniel 11:21-23

11:21 “Then there will arise in his place a despicable person ¹  to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred. He will come on the scene in a time of prosperity and will seize the kingdom through deceit. 11:22 Armies ²  will be suddenly ³  swept away in defeat ⁴  before him; both they and a covenant leader ⁵  will be destroyed. ⁶  11:23 After ⁷  entering into an alliance with him, he will behave treacherously; he will ascend to power with only a small force. ⁸ 

[11:21]  ¹ sn This despicable person to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred is Antiochus IV Epiphanes (ca. 175-164 B.C.).

[11:22]  ² tn Heb “arms.”

[11:22]  ³ tc The present translation reads הִשָּׁטֹף (hishatof), Niphal infinitive absolute of שָׁטַף (shataf, “to overflow”), for the MT הַשֶּׁטֶף (hashetef, “flood”).

[11:22]  ⁴ tn The words “in defeat” are added in the translation for clarification.

[11:22]  ⁵ tn Heb “a prince of the covenant.”

[11:22]  ⁶ tn Heb “broken” or “shattered.”

[11:23]  ⁷ tn The preposition מִן (min) is probably temporal here (so BDB 583 s.v. 7.c; cf. KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV), although it could also be understood here as indicating means (so J. Goldingay, Daniel [WBC], 279, n. 23a; cf. TEV, NLT).

[11:23]  ⁸ tn Heb “nation.”