Amos 4:13
Konteks4:13 For here he is!
He 1 formed the mountains and created the wind.
He reveals 2 his plans 3 to men.
He turns the dawn into darkness 4
and marches on the heights of the earth.
The Lord, the God who commands armies, 5 is his name!”
Amos 6:8
Konteks6:8 The sovereign Lord confirms this oath by his very own life. 6
The Lord, the God who commands armies, is speaking:
“I despise Jacob’s arrogance;
I hate their 7 fortresses.
I will hand over to their enemies 8 the city of Samaria 9 and everything in it.”
Amos 9:6
Konteks9:6 He builds the upper rooms of his palace 10 in heaven
and sets its foundation supports 11 on the earth. 12
He summons the water of the sea
and pours it out on the earth’s surface.
The Lord is his name.
[4:13] 1 tn Heb “For look, the one who.” This verse is considered to be the first hymnic passage in the book. The others appear at 5:8-9 and 9:5-6. Scholars debate whether these verses were originally part of a single hymn or three distinct pieces deliberately placed in each context for particular effect.
[4:13] 2 tn Or “declares” (NAB, NASB).
[4:13] 3 tn Or “his thoughts.” The translation assumes that the pronominal suffix refers to God and that divine self-revelation is in view (see 3:7). If the suffix refers to the following term אָדַם (’adam, “men”), then the expression refers to God’s ability to read men’s minds.
[4:13] 4 tn Heb “he who makes dawn, darkness.” The meaning of the statement is unclear. The present translation assumes that allusion is made to God’s approaching judgment, when the light of day will be turned to darkness (see 5:20). Other options include: (1) “He makes the dawn [and] the darkness.” A few Hebrew
[4:13] 5 tn Traditionally, “God of hosts.”
[6:8] 6 tn Heb “swears by his life”; or “swears by himself.”
[6:8] 7 tn Heb “his,” referring to Jacob, which stands here for the nation of Israel.
[6:8] 8 tn The words “to their enemies” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[6:8] 9 tn Heb “the city”; this probably refers to the city of Samaria (cf. 6:1), which in turn, by metonymy, represents the entire northern kingdom.
[9:6] 10 tc The MT reads “his steps.” If this is correct, then the reference may be to the steps leading up to the heavenly temple or the throne of God (cf. 1 Kgs 10:19-20). The prefixed מ (mem) may be dittographic (note the preceding word ends in mem). The translation assumes an emendation to עֲלִיָּתוֹ (’aliyyato, “his upper rooms”).
[9:6] 11 tn Traditionally, “vault” (so ASV, NAB, NRSV). The precise meaning of this word in this context is unclear. Elsewhere it refers to objects grouped or held together. F. I. Andersen and D. N. Freedman (Amos [AB], 845-46) suggest the foundational structure of a building is in view.
[9:6] 12 sn Verse 6a pictures the entire universe as a divine palace founded on the earth and extending into the heavens.