Amos 1:4

1:4 So I will set Hazael’s house ¹  on fire;

fire ²  will consume Ben Hadad’s ³  fortresses.

Amos 1:10

1:10 So I will set fire to Tyre’s city wall; ⁴ 

fire ⁵  will consume her fortresses.”

Amos 1:12

1:12 So I will set Teman ⁶  on fire;

fire ⁷  will consume Bozrah’s ⁸  fortresses.”

Amos 1:14

1:14 So I will set fire to Rabbah’s ⁹  city wall; ¹⁰ 

fire ¹¹  will consume her fortresses.

War cries will be heard on the day of battle; ¹² 

a strong gale will blow on the day of the windstorm. ¹³ 

[1:4]  ¹ tn “Hazael’s house” (“the house of Hazael”) refers to the dynasty of Hazael.

[1:4]  ² tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:4]  ³ sn Ben-hadad may refer to Hazael’s son and successor (2 Kgs 13:3, 24) or to an earlier king (see 1 Kgs 20), perhaps the ruler whom Hazael assassinated when he assumed power.

[1:10]  ⁴ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:10]  ⁵ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ⁷ sn Teman was an important region (or perhaps city) in Edom.

[1:12]  ⁸ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ⁹ sn Bozrah was a city located in northern Edom.

[1:14]  ¹⁰ sn Rabbah was the Ammonite capital.

[1:14]  ¹¹ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:14]  ¹² tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:14]  ¹³ tn Heb “with a war cry in the day of battle.”

[1:14]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “with wind in the day of the windstorm.”