1 Samuel 17:5

17:5 He had a bronze helmet on his head and was wearing scale body armor. The weight of his bronze body armor was five thousand shekels. ¹ 

1 Samuel 17:38

17:38 Then Saul clothed David with his own fighting attire and put a bronze helmet on his head. He also put body armor on him.

1 Samuel 17:2

17:2 Saul and the Israelite army ²  assembled and camped in the valley of Elah, where they arranged their battle lines to fight against ³  the Philistines.

1 Tawarikh 26:14

26:14 The lot for the east gate went to Shelemiah. ⁴  They then cast lots for his son Zechariah, a wise adviser, and the lot for the north gate went to him.

Nehemia 4:16

4:16 From that day forward, half of my men were doing the work and half of them were taking up spears, ⁵  shields, bows, and body armor. Now the officers were behind all the people ⁶  of Judah

[17:5]  ¹ sn Although the exact weight of Goliath’s defensive body armor is difficult to estimate in terms of modern equivalency, it was obviously quite heavy. Driver, following Kennedy, suggests a modern equivalent of about 220 pounds (100 kg); see S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text and the Topography of the Books of Samuel, 139. Klein, taking the shekel to be equal to .403 ounces, arrives at a somewhat smaller weight of about 126 pounds (57 kg); see R. W. Klein, 1 Samuel (WBC), 175. But by any estimate it is clear that Goliath presented himself as a formidable foe indeed.

[17:2]  ² tn Heb “the men of Israel” (so KJV, NASB); NAB, NIV, NRSV “the Israelites.”

[17:2]  ³ tn Heb “to meet.”

[26:14]  ⁴ tn “Shelemiah” is a variant of the name “Meshelemiah” (cf. 26:2).

[4:16]  ⁵ tc The MT reads “and spears.” The conjunction should be deleted.

[4:16]  ⁶ tn Heb “all the house.”