1 Tawarikh 3:11

3:11 Joram ¹  his son,

Ahaziah his son,

Joash his son,

1 Tawarikh 3:2

3:2 the third was Absalom whose mother was Maacah, daughter of King Talmai of Geshur;

the fourth was Adonijah, whose mother was Haggith;

1 Tawarikh 21:1

The Lord Sends a Plague against Israel

21:1 An adversary ²  opposed ³  Israel, inciting David to count how many warriors Israel had. ⁴ 

1 Tawarikh 21:17

21:17 David said to God, “Was I not the one who decided to number the army? I am the one who sinned and committed this awful deed! ⁵  As for these sheep – what have they done? O Lord my God, attack me and my family, ⁶  but remove the plague from your people!” ⁷ 

1 Tawarikh 25:23

25:23 the sixteenth to Hananiah and his sons and relatives – twelve in all,

[3:11]  ¹ sn Joram is a variant spelling of the name “Jehoram.”

[21:1]  ² tn Or “Satan.” The Hebrew word שָׂטָן (satan) can refer to an adversary in general or Satan in particular. There is no article accompanying the term here, which suggests it should be understood generally (cf. NAB “a satan”).

[21:1]  ³ tn Heb “stood against.”

[21:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “and incited David to count Israel.” As v. 5 indicates, David was not interested in a general census, but in determining how much military strength he had.

[21:1]  sn The parallel text in 2 Sam 24:1 says, “The Lord’s anger again raged against Israel and he incited David against them, saying: ‘Go, count Israel and Judah!’“ The version of the incident in the Book of 2 Samuel gives an underlying theological perspective, while the Chronicler simply describes what happened from a human perspective. Many interpreters and translations render the Hebrew שָׂטָן as a proper name here, “Satan” (NEB, NASB, NIV, NRSV). However, the Hebrew term שָׂטָן, which means “adversary,” is used here without the article. Elsewhere when it appears without the article, it refers to a personal or national adversary in the human sphere, the lone exception being Num 22:22, 32, where the angel of the Lord assumes the role of an adversary to Balaam. When referring elsewhere to the spiritual entity known in the NT as Satan, the noun has the article and is used as a title, “the Adversary” (see Job 1:6-9, 12; 2:1-4, 6-7; Zech 3:1-2). In light of usage elsewhere the adversary in 1 Chr 21:1 is likely a human enemy, probably a nearby nation whose hostility against Israel pressured David into numbering the people so he could assess his military strength. For compelling linguistic and literary arguments against taking the noun as a proper name here, see S. Japhet, I & II Chronicles (OTL), 374-75.

[21:17]  ⁵ tn “and doing evil I did evil.” The infinitive absolute precedes the finite form of the verb for emphasis.

[21:17]  ⁶ tn Heb “let your hand be on me and on the house of my father.”

[21:17]  ⁷ tn Heb “but on your people not for a plague.”