Mazmur 12:4

12:4 They say, ¹  “We speak persuasively; ² 

we know how to flatter and boast. ³ 

Who is our master?” ⁴ 

Mazmur 13:2

13:2 How long must I worry, ⁵ 

and suffer in broad daylight? ⁶ 

How long will my enemy gloat over me? ⁷ 

Mazmur 21:11

21:11 Yes, ⁸  they intend to do you harm; ⁹ 

they dream up a scheme, ¹⁰  but they do not succeed. ¹¹ 

[12:4]  ¹ tn Heb “which say.” The plural verb after the relative pronoun indicates a plural antecedent for the pronoun, probably “lips” in v. 3.

[12:4]  ² tn Heb “to our tongue we make strong.” The Hiphil of גָבַר (gavar) occurs only here and in Dan 9:27, where it refers to making strong, or confirming, a covenant. Here in Ps 12 the evildoers “make their tongue strong” in the sense that they use their tongue to produce flattering and arrogant words to accomplish their purposes. The preposition -לְ (l) prefixed to “our tongue” may be dittographic.

[12:4]  ³ tn Heb “our lips [are] with us.” This odd expression probably means, “our lips are in our power,” in the sense that they say what they want, whether it be flattery or boasting. For other cases where אֵת (’et, “with”) has the sense “in the power of,” see Ps 38:10 and other texts listed by BDB 86 s.v. 3.a.

[12:4]  ⁴ sn The rhetorical question expresses the arrogant attitude of these people. As far as they are concerned, they are answerable to no one for how they speak.

[13:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “How long will I put counsel in my being?”

[13:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “[with] grief in my heart by day.”

[13:2]  ⁷ tn Heb “be exalted over me.” Perhaps one could translate, “How long will my enemy defeat me?”

[21:11]  ⁸ tn Or “for.”

[21:11]  ⁹ tn Heb “they extend against you harm.” The perfect verbal forms in v. 11 are taken as generalizing, stating factually what the king’s enemies typically do. Another option is to translate with the past tense (“they intended…planned”).

[21:11]  ¹⁰ sn See Ps 10:2.

[21:11]  ¹¹ tn Heb “they lack ability.”