Imamat 26:1--27:34
Konteks26:1 “‘You must not make for yourselves idols, 1 so you must not set up for yourselves a carved image or a pillar, and you must not place a sculpted stone in your land to bow down before 2 it, for I am the Lord your God. 26:2 You must keep my Sabbaths and reverence 3 my sanctuary. I am the Lord.
26:3 “‘If you walk in my statutes and are sure to obey my commandments, 4 26:4 I will give you your rains in their time so that 5 the land will give its yield and the trees of the field will produce their fruit. 6 26:5 Threshing season will extend for you until the season for harvesting grapes, 7 and the season for harvesting grapes will extend until sowing season, so 8 you will eat your bread until you are satisfied, 9 and you will live securely in your land. 26:6 I will grant peace in the land so that 10 you will lie down to sleep without anyone terrifying you. 11 I will remove harmful animals 12 from the land, and no sword of war 13 will pass through your land. 26:7 You will pursue your enemies and they will fall before you by the sword. 14 26:8 Five of you will pursue a hundred, and a hundred of you will pursue ten thousand, and your enemies will fall before you by the sword. 26:9 I will turn to you, make you fruitful, multiply you, and maintain 15 my covenant with you. 26:10 You will still be eating stored produce from the previous year 16 and will have to clean out what is stored from the previous year to make room for new. 17
26:11 “‘I will put my tabernacle 18 in your midst and I will not abhor you. 19 26:12 I will walk among you, and I will be your God and you will be my people. 26:13 I am the Lord your God who brought you out from the land of Egypt, from being their slaves, 20 and I broke the bars of your yoke and caused you to walk upright. 21
26:14 “‘If, however, 22 you do not obey me and keep 23 all these commandments – 26:15 if you reject my statutes and abhor my regulations so that you do not keep 24 all my commandments and you break my covenant – 26:16 I for my part 25 will do this to you: I will inflict horror on you, consumption and fever, which diminish eyesight and drain away the vitality of life. 26 You will sow your seed in vain because 27 your enemies will eat it. 28 26:17 I will set my face against you. You will be struck down before your enemies, those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when there is no one pursuing you.
26:18 “‘If, in spite of all these things, 29 you do not obey me, I will discipline you seven times more on account of your sins. 30 26:19 I will break your strong pride and make your sky like iron and your land like bronze. 26:20 Your strength will be used up in vain, your land will not give its yield, and the trees of the land 31 will not produce their fruit.
26:21 “‘If you walk in hostility against me 32 and are not willing to obey me, I will increase your affliction 33 seven times according to your sins. 26:22 I will send the wild animals 34 against you and they will bereave you of your children, 35 annihilate your cattle, and diminish your population 36 so that your roads will become deserted.
26:23 “‘If in spite of these things 37 you do not allow yourselves to be disciplined and you walk in hostility against me, 38 26:24 I myself will also walk in hostility against you and strike you 39 seven times on account of your sins. 26:25 I will bring on you an avenging sword, a covenant vengeance. 40 Although 41 you will gather together into your cities, I will send pestilence among you and you will be given into enemy hands. 42 26:26 When I break off your supply of bread, 43 ten women will bake your bread in one oven; they will ration your bread by weight, 44 and you will eat and not be satisfied.
26:27 “‘If in spite of this 45 you do not obey me but walk in hostility against me, 46 26:28 I will walk in hostile rage against you 47 and I myself will also discipline you seven times on account of your sins. 26:29 You will eat the flesh of your sons and the flesh of your daughters. 48 26:30 I will destroy your high places and cut down your incense altars, 49 and I will stack your dead bodies on top of the lifeless bodies of your idols. 50 I will abhor you. 51 26:31 I will lay your cities waste 52 and make your sanctuaries desolate, and I will refuse to smell your soothing aromas. 26:32 I myself will make the land desolate and your enemies who live in it will be appalled. 26:33 I will scatter you among the nations and unsheathe the sword 53 after you, so your land will become desolate and your cities will become a waste.
26:34 “‘Then the land will make up for 54 its Sabbaths all the days it lies desolate while you are in the land of your enemies; then the land will rest and make up its Sabbaths. 26:35 All the days of the desolation it will have the rest it did not have 55 on your Sabbaths when you lived on it.
26:36 “‘As for 56 the ones who remain among you, I will bring despair into their hearts in the lands of their enemies. The sound of a blowing leaf will pursue them, and they will flee as one who flees the sword and fall down even though there is no pursuer. 26:37 They will stumble over each other as those who flee before a sword, though 57 there is no pursuer, and there will be no one to take a stand 58 for you before your enemies. 26:38 You will perish among the nations; the land of your enemies will consume you.
26:39 “‘As for the ones who remain among you, they will rot away because of 59 their iniquity in the lands of your enemies, and they will also rot away because of their ancestors’ 60 iniquities which are with them. 26:40 However, when 61 they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquity which they committed by trespassing against me, 62 by which they also walked 63 in hostility against me 64 26:41 (and I myself will walk in hostility against them and bring them into the land of their enemies), and 65 then their uncircumcised hearts become humbled and they make up for 66 their iniquity, 26:42 I will remember my covenant with Jacob and also my covenant with Isaac and also my covenant with Abraham, 67 and I will remember the land. 26:43 The land will be abandoned by them 68 in order that it may make up for 69 its Sabbaths while it is made desolate 70 without them, 71 and they will make up for their iniquity because 72 they have rejected my regulations and have abhorred 73 my statutes. 26:44 In spite of this, however, when they are in the land of their enemies I will not reject them and abhor them to make a complete end of them, to break my covenant with them, for I am the Lord their God. 26:45 I will remember for them the covenant with their ancestors 74 whom I brought out from the land of Egypt in the sight of the nations to be their God. I am the Lord.’”
26:46 These are the statutes, regulations, and instructions which the Lord established 75 between himself and the Israelites at Mount Sinai through 76 Moses.
27:1 The Lord spoke to Moses: 27:2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them, ‘When a man makes a special votive offering 77 based on the conversion value of persons to the Lord, 78 27:3 the conversion value of the male 79 from twenty years old up to sixty years old 80 is fifty shekels by the standard of the sanctuary shekel. 81 27:4 If the person is a female, the conversion value is thirty shekels. 27:5 If the person is from five years old up to twenty years old, the conversion value of the male is twenty shekels, and for the female ten shekels. 27:6 If the person is one month old up to five years old, the conversion value of the male is five shekels of silver, 82 and for the female the conversion value is three shekels of silver. 27:7 If the person is from sixty years old and older, if he is a male the conversion value is fifteen shekels, and for the female ten shekels. 27:8 If he is too poor to pay the conversion value, he must stand the person before the priest and the priest will establish his conversion value; 83 according to what the man who made the vow can afford, 84 the priest will establish his conversion value.
27:9 “‘If what is vowed is a kind of animal from which an offering may be presented 85 to the Lord, anything which he gives to the Lord from this kind of animal 86 will be holy. 27:10 He must not replace or exchange it, good for bad or bad for good, and if he does indeed exchange one animal for another animal, then both the original animal 87 and its substitute will be holy. 27:11 If what is vowed is an unclean animal from which an offering must not be presented to the Lord, then he must stand the animal before the priest, 27:12 and the priest will establish its conversion value, 88 whether good or bad. According to the assessed conversion value of the priest, thus it will be. 27:13 If, however, the person who made the vow redeems the animal, 89 he must add one fifth to 90 its conversion value.
27:14 “‘If a man consecrates his house as holy to the Lord, the priest will establish its conversion value, whether good or bad. Just as the priest establishes its conversion value, thus it will stand. 91 27:15 If the one who consecrates it redeems his house, he must add to it one fifth of its conversion value in silver, and it will belong to him. 92
27:16 “‘If a man consecrates to the Lord some of his own landed property, the conversion value must be calculated in accordance with the amount of seed needed to sow it, 93 a homer of barley seed being priced at fifty shekels of silver. 94 27:17 If he consecrates his field in the jubilee year, 95 the conversion value will stand, 27:18 but if 96 he consecrates his field after the jubilee, the priest will calculate the price 97 for him according to the years that are left until the next jubilee year, and it will be deducted from the conversion value. 27:19 If, however, the one who consecrated the field redeems it, 98 he must add to it one fifth of the conversion price 99 and it will belong to him. 100 27:20 If he does not redeem the field, but sells 101 the field to someone else, he may never redeem it. 27:21 When it reverts 102 in the jubilee, the field will be holy to the Lord like a permanently dedicated field; 103 it will become the priest’s property. 104
27:22 “‘If he consecrates to the Lord a field he has purchased, 105 which is not part of his own landed property, 27:23 the priest will calculate for him the amount of its conversion value until the jubilee year, and he must pay 106 the conversion value on that jubilee day as something that is holy to the Lord. 27:24 In the jubilee year the field will return to the one from whom he bought it, the one to whom it belongs as landed property. 27:25 Every conversion value must be calculated by the standard of the sanctuary shekel; 107 twenty gerahs to the shekel.
27:26 “‘Surely no man may consecrate a firstborn that already belongs to the Lord as a firstborn among the animals; whether it is an ox or a sheep, it belongs to the Lord. 108 27:27 If, however, 109 it is among the unclean animals, he may ransom it according to 110 its conversion value and must add one fifth to it, but if it is not redeemed it must be sold according to its conversion value.
27:28 “‘Surely anything which a man permanently dedicates to the Lord 111 from all that belongs to him, whether from people, animals, or his landed property, must be neither sold nor redeemed; anything permanently dedicated is most holy to the Lord. 27:29 Any human being who is permanently dedicated 112 must not be ransomed; such a person must be put to death.
27:30 “‘Any tithe 113 of the land, from the grain of the land or from the fruit of the trees, belongs to the Lord; it is holy to the Lord. 27:31 If a man redeems 114 part of his tithe, however, he must add one fifth to it. 115 27:32 All the tithe of herd or flock, everything which passes under the rod, the tenth one will be holy to the Lord. 116 27:33 The owner 117 must not examine the animals to distinguish between good and bad, and he must not exchange it. If, however, he does exchange it, 118 both the original animal 119 and its substitute will be holy. 120 It must not be redeemed.’”
27:34 These are the commandments which the Lord commanded Moses to tell the Israelites 121 at Mount Sinai.
[26:1] 1 sn For the literature regarding the difficult etymology and meaning of the term for “idols” (אֱלִילִם, ’elilim), see the literature cited in the note on Lev 19:4. It appears to be a diminutive play on words with אֵל (’el, “god, God”) and, perhaps at the same time, recalls a common Semitic word for “worthless, weak, powerless, nothingness.” Snaith suggests a rendering of “worthless godlings.”
[26:1] 2 tn Heb “on.” The “sculpted stone” appears to be some sort of stone with images carved into (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 181, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 449).
[26:2] 3 tn Heb “and my sanctuary you shall fear.” Cf. NCV “respect”; CEV “honor.”
[26:3] 4 tn Heb “and my commandments you shall keep and do them.” This appears to be a kind of verbal hendiadys, where the first verb is a modifier of the action of the second verb (see GKC 386 §120.d, although שָׁמַר [shamar, “to keep”] is not cited there; cf. Lev 20:8; 25:18, etc.).
[26:4] 5 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.
[26:4] 6 tn Heb “the tree of the field will give its fruit.” As a collective singular this has been translated as plural.
[26:5] 7 tn Heb “will reach for you the vintage season.”
[26:5] 8 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.
[26:5] 9 tn Heb “to satisfaction”; KJV, ASV, NASB “to the full.”
[26:6] 10 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.
[26:6] 11 tn Heb “and there will be no one who terrifies.” The words “to sleep” have been supplied in the translation for clarity.
[26:6] 12 tn Heb “harmful animal,” singular, but taken here as a collective plural (so almost all English versions).
[26:6] 13 tn Heb “no sword”; the words “of war” are supplied in the translation to indicate what the metaphor of the sword represents.
[26:7] 14 tn Heb “to the sword.”
[26:9] 15 tn Heb “cause to arise,” but probably used here for the
[26:10] 16 tn Heb “old [produce] growing old.”
[26:10] 17 tn Heb “and old from the presence of new you will bring out.”
[26:11] 18 tn LXX codexes Vaticanus and Alexandrinus have “my covenant” rather than “my tabernacle.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV “my dwelling.”
[26:11] 19 tn Heb “and my soul [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] will not abhor you.”
[26:13] 20 tn Heb “from being to them slaves.”
[26:13] 21 tn In other words, to walk as free people and not as slaves. Cf. NIV “with (+ your CEV, NLT) heads held high”; NCV “proudly.”
[26:14] 23 tn Heb “and do not do.”
[26:15] 24 tn Heb “to not do.”
[26:16] 25 tn Or “I also” (see HALOT 76 s.v. אַף 6.b).
[26:16] 26 tn Heb “soul.” These expressions may refer either to the physical effects of consumption and fever as the rendering in the text suggests (e.g., J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 452, 454, “diminishing eyesight and loss of appetite”), or perhaps the more psychological effects, “which exhausts the eyes” because of anxious hope “and causes depression” (Heb “causes soul [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] to pine away”), e.g., B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 185.
[26:16] 27 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have causal force here.
[26:16] 28 tn That is, “your enemies will eat” the produce that grows from the sown seed.
[26:18] 29 tn Heb “And if until these.”
[26:18] 30 tn Heb “I will add to discipline you seven [times] on your sins.”
[26:20] 31 tn Heb “the tree of the land will not give its fruit.” The collective singular has been translated as a plural. Tg. Onq., some medieval Hebrew
[26:21] 32 tn Heb “hostile with me,” but see the added preposition בְּ (bet) on the phrase “in hostility” in v. 24 and 27.
[26:21] 33 tn Heb “your blow, stroke”; cf. TEV “punishment”; NLT “I will inflict you with seven more disasters.”
[26:22] 34 tn Heb “the animal of the field.” This collective singular has been translated as a plural. The expression “animal of the field” refers to a wild (i.e., nondomesticated) animal.
[26:22] 35 tn The words “of your children” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.
[26:22] 36 tn Heb “and diminish you.”
[26:23] 37 tn Heb “And if in these.”
[26:23] 38 tn Heb “with me,” but see the added preposition בְּ (bet) on the phrase “in hostility” in vv. 24 and 27.
[26:24] 39 tn Heb “and I myself will also strike you.”
[26:25] 40 tn Heb “vengeance of covenant”; cf. NAB “the avenger of my covenant.”
[26:25] 41 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) has a concessive force in this context.
[26:25] 42 tn Heb “in hand of enemy,” but Tg. Ps.-J. and Tg. Neof. have “in the hands of your enemies” (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 454).
[26:26] 43 tn Heb “When I break to you staff of bread” (KJV, ASV, and NASB all similar).
[26:26] 44 tn Heb “they will return your bread in weight.”
[26:27] 45 tn Heb “And if in this.”
[26:28] 47 tn Heb “in rage of hostility with you”; NASB “with wrathful hostility”; NRSV “I will continue hostile to you in fury”; CEV “I’ll get really furious.”
[26:29] 48 tn Heb “and the flesh of your daughters you will eat.” The phrase “you will eat” has not been repeated in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[26:30] 49 sn Regarding these cultic installations, see the remarks in B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 188, and R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:903. The term rendered “incense altars” might better be rendered “sanctuaries [of foreign deities]” or “stelae.”
[26:30] 50 tn The translation reflects the Hebrew wordplay “your corpses…the corpses of your idols.” Since idols, being lifeless, do not really have “corpses,” the translation uses “dead bodies” for people and “lifeless bodies” for the idols.
[26:30] 51 tn Heb “and my soul will abhor you.”
[26:31] 52 tn Heb “And I will give your cities a waste”; NLT “make your cities desolate.”
[26:33] 53 tn Heb “and I will empty sword” (see HALOT 1228 s.v. ריק 3).
[26:34] 54 tn There are two Hebrew roots רָצָה (ratsah), one meaning “to be pleased with; to take pleasure” (HALOT 1280-81 s.v. רצה; cf. “enjoy” in NASB, NIV, NRSV, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 452), and the other meaning “to restore” (HALOT 1281-82 s.v. II רצה; cf. NAB “retrieve” and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 189).
[26:35] 55 tn Heb “it shall rest which it did not rest.”
[26:37] 57 tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) is used in a concessive sense here.
[26:37] 58 tn The term rendered “to stand up” is a noun, not an infinitive. It occurs only here and appears to designate someone who would take a powerful stand for them against their enemies.
[26:39] 59 tn Heb “in” (so KJV, ASV; also later in this verse).
[26:39] 60 tn Heb “fathers’” (also in the following verse).
[26:40] 61 tn Heb “And.” Many English versions take this to be a conditional clause (“if…”) though there is no conditional particle (see, e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV; but see the very different rendering in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 190). The temporal translation offered here (“when”) takes into account the particle אָז (’az, “then”), which occurs twice in v. 41. The obvious contextual contrast between vv. 39 and 40 is expressed by “however” in the translation.
[26:40] 62 tn Heb “in their trespassing which they trespassed in me.” See the note on Lev 5:15, although the term is used in a more technical sense there in relation to the “guilt offering.”
[26:40] 63 tn Heb “and also which they walked.”
[26:41] 65 tn Heb “or then,” although the LXX has “then” and the Syriac “and then.”
[26:41] 66 tn Heb “and then they make up for.” On the verb “make up for” see the note on v. 34 above.
[26:42] 67 tn Heb “my covenant with Abraham I will remember.” The phrase “I will remember” has not been repeated in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[26:43] 68 tn Heb “from them.” The preposition “from” refers here to the agent of the action (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 455).
[26:43] 69 tn The jussive form of the verb with the simple vav (ו) here calls for a translation that expresses purpose.
[26:43] 70 tn The verb is the Hophal infinitive construct with the third feminine singular suffix (GKC 182 §67.y; cf. v. 34).
[26:43] 71 tn Heb “from them.”
[26:43] 72 tn Heb “because and in because,” a double expression, which is used only here and in Ezek 13:10 (without the vav) for emphasis (GKC 492 §158.b).
[26:43] 73 tn Heb “and their soul has abhorred.”
[26:45] 74 tn Heb “covenant of former ones.”
[26:45] sn For similar expressions referring back to the ancestors who refused to follow the stipulations of the Mosaic covenant see, for example, Deut 19:14, Jer 11:10, and Ps 79:8 (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 192, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 471).
[26:46] 75 tn Heb “gave” (so NLT); KJV, ASV, NCV “made.”
[26:46] 76 tn Heb “by the hand of” (so KJV).
[27:2] 77 tn Cf. the note on Lev 22:21. Some take this as an expression for fulfilling a vow, “to fulfill a vow” (e.g., HALOT 927-28 s.v. פלא piel and NASB; cf. NRSV “in fulfillment of a vow”) or, alternatively, “to make a vow” or “for making a vow” (HALOT 928 s.v. פלא piel [II פלא]). Perhaps it refers to the making a special vow, from the verb פָלָא (pala’, “to be wonderful; to be remarkable”), cf. Milgrom, Numbers [JPSTC], 44. B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 151 and 193, suggests that this is a special term for “setting aside a votive offering” (related to פָלָה, palah, “to set aside”). In general, the point of the expression seems to be that this sacrifice is a special gift to God that arose out of special circumstances in the life of the worshiper.
[27:2] 78 tn Heb “in your valuation, persons to the
[27:3] 79 tn Heb “your conversion value shall be [for] the male.”
[27:3] 80 tn Heb “from a son of twenty years and until a son of sixty years.”
[27:3] 81 tn See the note on Lev 5:15.
[27:6] 82 tn Heb “five shekels silver.”
[27:8] 83 tn Heb “and the priest shall cause him to be valued.”
[27:8] 84 tn Heb “on the mouth which the hand of the one who vowed reaches.”
[27:9] 85 tn Heb “which they may present from it an offering.” The plural active verb is sometimes best rendered in the passive (GKC 460 §144.f, g). Some medieval Hebrew
[27:9] 86 tn Heb “from it.” The masculine suffix “it” here is used for the feminine in the MT, but one medieval Hebrew
[27:10] 87 tn Heb “it and its substitute.” The referent (the original animal offered) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[27:12] 88 tn Heb “and the priest shall cause it to be valued.” See the note on v. 8 above.
[27:13] 89 tn Heb “And if redeeming [infinitive absolute] he redeems it [finite verb].” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p. The referent of “he” (the person who made the vow) and “it” (the animal) have both been specified in the translation for clarity.
[27:13] 90 tn Heb “on,” meaning “on top of, in addition to” (likewise in v. 15).
[27:14] 91 tn The expression “it shall stand” may be a technical term for “it shall be legally valid”; cf. NLT “assessment will be final.”
[27:15] 92 tn Heb “and it shall be to him.”
[27:16] 93 tn Heb “a conversion value shall be to the mouth of its seed.”
[27:16] 94 tn Heb “seed of a homer of barley in fifty shekels of silver.”
[27:17] 95 tn Heb “from the year of the jubilee.” For the meaning of “jubilee,” see the note on Lev 25:10 above.
[27:18] 96 tn Heb “And if.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have adversative force here.
[27:18] 97 tn Heb “the silver.”
[27:19] 98 tn Heb “And if redeeming [infinitive absolute] he redeems [finite verb] the field, the one who consecrated it.” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p.
[27:19] 99 tn Heb “the silver of the conversion value.”
[27:19] 100 tn Heb “and it shall rise to him.” See HALOT 1087 s.v. קום 7 for the rendering offered here, but see also the note on the end of v. 14 above (cf. J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 476, 478).
[27:20] 101 tn Heb “and if he sells.”
[27:21] 102 tn Heb “When it goes out” (cf. Lev 25:25-34).
[27:21] 103 tn Heb “like the field of the permanent dedication.” The Hebrew word חֵרֶם (kherem) is a much discussed term. In this and the following verses it refers in a general way to the fact that something is permanently devoted to the
[27:21] 104 tn Heb “to the priest it shall be his property.”
[27:22] 105 tn Heb “his field of purchase,” which is to be distinguished from his own ancestral “landed property” (cf. v. 16 above).
[27:23] 106 tn Heb “give” (so KJV, ASV, NASB, NLT).
[27:25] 107 tn See the note on Lev 5:15.
[27:26] 108 tn Heb “to the
[27:27] 110 tn Heb “in” or “by.”
[27:28] 111 tn Heb “Surely, any permanently dedicated [thing] which a man shall permanently dedicate to the
[27:29] 112 tn Heb “permanently dedicated from among men.”
[27:30] 113 tn On the “tithe” system in Israel, see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:1035-55 and esp. pp. 1041-42 on Lev 27:30-33.
[27:31] 114 tn Heb “And if redeeming [infinitive absolute] a man redeems [finite verb].” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p.
[27:31] 115 tn Heb “its one fifth on it.”
[27:32] 116 sn The tithed animal was the tenth one that passed under the shepherd’s rod or staff as they were being counted (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 485, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 200).
[27:33] 117 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the owner of the animal) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[27:33] 118 tn Heb “And if exchanging [infinitive absolute] he exchanges it [finite verb].” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p.
[27:33] 119 tn Heb “it and its substitute.” The referent (the original animal offered) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[27:33] 120 tn Heb “it shall be and its substitute shall be holy.”
[27:34] 121 tn Most of the commentaries and English versions translate, “which the
