Daniel 1:3

1:3 The king commanded ¹  Ashpenaz, ²  who was in charge of his court officials, ³  to choose ⁴  some of the Israelites who were of royal and noble descent ⁵  –

Daniel 9:20

Gabriel Gives to Daniel a Prophecy of Seventy Weeks

9:20 While I was still speaking and praying, confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel and presenting my request before the LORD my God concerning his holy mountain ⁶  –

Daniel 10:14

10:14 Now I have come to help you understand what will happen to your people in the latter days, for the vision pertains to future days.”

Daniel 11:14

11:14 “In those times many will oppose ⁷  the king of the south. ⁸  Those who are violent ⁹  among your own people will rise up in confirmation of ¹⁰  the vision, but they will falter.

Daniel 12:1

12:1 “At that time Michael,

the great prince who watches over your people, ¹¹ 

will arise. ¹² 

There will be a time of distress

unlike any other from the nation’s beginning ¹³ 

up to that time.

But at that time your own people,

all those whose names are ¹⁴  found written in the book,

will escape.

Daniel 9:11

9:11 “All Israel has broken ¹⁵  your law and turned away by not obeying you. ¹⁶  Therefore you have poured out on us the judgment solemnly threatened ¹⁷  in the law of Moses the servant of God, for we have sinned against you. ¹⁸ 

Daniel 9:7

9:7 “You are righteous, ¹⁹  O Lord, but we are humiliated this day ²⁰  – the people ²¹  of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem and all Israel, both near and far away in all the countries in which you have scattered them, because they have behaved unfaithfully toward you.

Daniel 11:41

11:41 Then he will enter the beautiful land. ²²  Many ²³  will fall, but these will escape: ²⁴  Edom, Moab, and the Ammonite leadership.

Daniel 10:20

10:20 He said, “Do you know why I have come to you? ²⁵  Now I am about to return to engage in battle with the prince of Persia. When I go, the prince of Greece is coming.

Daniel 8:9

8:9 From one of them came a small horn. ²⁶  But it grew to be very big, toward the south and the east and toward the beautiful land. ²⁷ 

Daniel 11:16

11:16 The one advancing against him will do as he pleases, and no one will be able to stand before him. He will prevail in the beautiful land, and its annihilation will be within his power. ²⁸ 

Daniel 11:28

11:28 Then the king of the north ²⁹  will return to his own land with much property. His mind will be set against the holy covenant. He will take action, and then return to his own land.

Daniel 6:13

6:13 Then they said to the king, “Daniel, who is one of the captives ³⁰  from Judah, pays no attention to you, O king, or to the edict that you issued. Three times daily he offers his prayer.” ³¹ 

Daniel 9:27

9:27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one week. ³² 

But in the middle of that week

he will bring sacrifices and offerings to a halt.

On the wing ³³  of abominations will come ³⁴  one who destroys,

until the decreed end is poured out on the one who destroys.”

Daniel 11:10

11:10 His sons ³⁵  will wage war, mustering a large army which will advance like an overflowing river and carrying the battle all the way to the enemy’s ³⁶  fortress. ³⁷ 

Daniel 11:20

11:20 There will arise after him ³⁸  one ³⁹  who will send out an exactor ⁴⁰  of tribute to enhance the splendor of the kingdom, but after a few days he will be destroyed, ⁴¹  though not in anger or battle.

Daniel 11:30

11:30 The ships of Kittim ⁴²  will come against him, leaving him disheartened. ⁴³  He will turn back and direct his indignation against the holy covenant. He will return and honor ⁴⁴  those who forsake the holy covenant.

[1:3]  ¹ tn Or “gave orders to.” Heb “said to.”

[1:3]  ² sn It is possible that the word Ashpenaz is not a proper name at all, but a general term for “innkeeper.” See J. J. Collins, Daniel (Hermeneia), 127, n. 9. However, the ancient versions understand the term to be a name, and the present translation (along with most English versions) understands the word in this way.

[1:3]  ³ sn The word court official (Hebrew saris) need not mean “eunuch” in a technical sense (see Gen 37:36, where the term refers to Potiphar, who had a wife), although in the case of the book of Daniel there was in Jewish literature a common tradition to that effect. On the OT usage of this word see HALOT 769-70 s.v. סָרֹיס.

[1:3]  ⁴ tn Heb “bring.”

[1:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “and from the seed of royalty and from the nobles.”

[9:20]  ⁶ tn Heb “the holy mountain of my God.”

[11:14]  ⁷ tn Heb “stand against.”

[11:14]  ⁸ sn This was Ptolemy V Epiphanes (ca. 203-181 B.C.).

[11:14]  ⁹ tn Heb “sons of violence.” “Son(s) is sometimes used idiomatically in Hebrew to indicate that someone is characterized by a certain quality. So the expression “sons of violence” means that these individuals will be characterized by violent deeds.

[11:14]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “to cause to stand.”

[12:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “stands over the sons of your people.”

[12:1]  ¹² tn Heb “will stand up.”

[12:1]  ¹³ tn Or “from the beginning of a nation.”

[12:1]  ¹⁴ tn The words “whose names are” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.

[9:11]  ¹⁵ tn Or “transgressed.” The Hebrew verb has the primary sense of crossing a boundary, in this case, God’s law.

[9:11]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “by not paying attention to your voice.”

[9:11]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “the curse and the oath which is written.” The term “curse” refers here to the judgments threatened in the Mosaic law (see Deut 28) for rebellion. The expression “the curse and the oath” is probably a hendiadys (cf. Num 5:21; Neh 10:29) referring to the fact that the covenant with its threatened judgments was ratified by solemn oath and made legally binding upon the covenant community.

[9:11]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “him.”

[9:7]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “to you (belongs) righteousness.”

[9:7]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and to us (belongs) shame of face like this day.”

[9:7]  ²¹ tn Heb “men.”

[11:41]  ²² sn The beautiful land is a cryptic reference to the land of Israel.

[11:41]  ²³ tn This can be understood as “many people” (cf. NRSV) or “many countries” (cf. NASB, NIV, NLT).

[11:41]  ²⁴ tn Heb “be delivered from his hand.”

[10:20]  ²⁵ sn The question is rhetorical, intended to encourage reflection on Daniel’s part.

[8:9]  ²⁶ sn This small horn is Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who controlled the Seleucid kingdom from ca. 175-164 B.C. Antiochus was extremely hostile toward the Jews and persecuted them mercilessly.

[8:9]  ²⁷ sn The expression the beautiful land (Heb. הַצֶּבִי [hatsÿvi] = “the beauty”) is a cryptic reference to the land of Israel. Cf. 11:16, 41, where it is preceded by the word אֶרֶץ (’erets, “land”).

[11:16]  ²⁸ tn Heb “hand.”

[11:28]  ²⁹ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king of the north) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[6:13]  ³⁰ tn Aram “from the sons of the captivity [of].”

[6:13]  ³¹ tn Aram “prays his prayer.”

[9:27]  ³² tn Heb “one seven” (also later in this line).

[9:27]  ³³ tn The referent of the Hebrew word כְּנַף (kÿnaf, “wing”) is unclear here. The LXX and Theodotion have “the temple.” Some English versions (e.g., NAB, NIV) take this to mean “a wing of the temple,” but this is not clear.

[9:27]  ³⁴ tn The Hebrew text does not have this verb, but it has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[11:10]  ³⁵ sn The sons of Seleucus II Callinicus were Seleucus III Ceraunus (ca. 227-223 B.C.) and Antiochus III the Great (ca. 223-187 B.C.).

[11:10]  ³⁶ tn Heb “his”; the referent (the enemy of the king of the north) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:10]  ³⁷ tn Heb “and he will certainly come and overflow and cross over and return and be aroused unto a fortress.” The translation has attempted to simplify the syntax of this difficult sequence.

[11:20]  ³⁸ tn Heb “on his place.”

[11:20]  ³⁹ sn The one who will send out an exactor of tribute was Seleucus IV Philopator (ca. 187-176 B.C.).

[11:20]  ⁴⁰ sn Perhaps this exactor of tribute was Heliodorus (cf. 2 Maccabees 3).

[11:20]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “broken” or “shattered.”

[11:30]  ⁴² sn The name Kittim has various designations in extra-biblical literature. It can refer to a location on the island of Cyprus, or more generally to the island itself, or it can be an inclusive term to refer to parts of the Mediterranean world that lay west of the Middle East (e.g., Rome). For ships of Kittim the Greek OT (LXX) has “Romans,” an interpretation followed by a few English versions (e.g., TEV). A number of times in the Dead Sea Scrolls the word is used in reference to the Romans. Other English versions are more generic: “[ships] of the western coastlands” (NIV, NLT); “from the west” (NCV, CEV).

[11:30]  ⁴³ sn This is apparently a reference to the Roman forces, led by Gaius Popilius Laenas, which confronted Antiochus when he came to Egypt and demanded that he withdraw or face the wrath of Rome. Antiochus wisely withdrew from Egypt, albeit in a state of bitter frustration.

[11:30]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “show regard for.”