Amos 1:10

1:10 So I will set fire to Tyre’s city wall; ¹ 

fire ²  will consume her fortresses.”

Amos 1:12

1:12 So I will set Teman ³  on fire;

fire ⁴  will consume Bozrah’s ⁵  fortresses.”

Amos 2:5

2:5 So I will set Judah on fire,

and it will consume Jerusalem’s fortresses.” ⁶ 

Amos 7:4

7:4 The sovereign Lord showed me this: I saw ⁷  the sovereign Lord summoning a shower of fire. ⁸  It consumed the great deep and devoured the fields.

Amos 1:4

1:4 So I will set Hazael’s house ⁹  on fire;

fire ¹⁰  will consume Ben Hadad’s ¹¹  fortresses.

Amos 1:7

1:7 So I will set Gaza’s city wall ¹²  on fire;

fire ¹³  will consume her fortresses.

Amos 6:4

6:4 They lie around on beds decorated with ivory, ¹⁴ 

and sprawl out on their couches.

They eat lambs from the flock,

and calves from the middle of the pen.

Amos 7:12

7:12 Amaziah then said to Amos, “Leave, you visionary! ¹⁵  Run away to the land of Judah! Earn your living ¹⁶  and prophesy there!

Amos 1:14

1:14 So I will set fire to Rabbah’s ¹⁷  city wall; ¹⁸ 

fire ¹⁹  will consume her fortresses.

War cries will be heard on the day of battle; ²⁰ 

a strong gale will blow on the day of the windstorm. ²¹ 

Amos 2:2

2:2 So I will set Moab on fire, ²² 

and it will consume Kerioth’s ²³  fortresses.

Moab will perish ²⁴  in the heat of battle ²⁵ 

amid war cries and the blaring ²⁶  of the ram’s horn. ²⁷ 

Amos 5:6

5:6 Seek the Lord so you can live!

Otherwise he will break out ²⁸  like fire against Joseph’s ²⁹  family; ³⁰ 

the fire ³¹  will consume

and no one will be able to quench it and save Bethel. ³² 

Amos 7:2

7:2 When they had completely consumed the earth’s vegetation, I said,

“Sovereign Lord, forgive Israel! ³³ 

How can Jacob survive? ³⁴ 

He is too weak!” ³⁵ 

Amos 4:9

4:9 “I destroyed your crops ³⁶  with blight and disease.

Locusts kept ³⁷  devouring your orchards, ³⁸  vineyards, fig trees, and olive trees.

Still you did not come back to me.”

The Lord is speaking!

Amos 9:14

9:14 I will bring back my people, Israel; ³⁹ 

they will rebuild the cities lying in rubble ⁴⁰  and settle down. ⁴¹ 

They will plant vineyards and drink the wine they produce; ⁴² 

they will grow orchards ⁴³  and eat the fruit they produce. ⁴⁴ 

Amos 4:6

4:6 “But surely I gave ⁴⁵  you no food to eat in any of your cities;

you lacked food everywhere you live. ⁴⁶ 

Still you did not come back to me.”

The Lord is speaking!

Amos 7:17

7:17 “Therefore this is what the Lord says:

‘Your wife will become a prostitute in the streets ⁴⁷ 

and your sons and daughters will die violently. ⁴⁸ 

Your land will be given to others ⁴⁹ 

and you will die in a foreign ⁵⁰  land.

Israel will certainly be carried into exile ⁵¹  away from its land.’”

Amos 8:11

8:11 Be certain of this, ⁵²  the time is ⁵³  coming,” says the sovereign Lord,

“when I will send a famine through the land –

not a shortage of food or water

but an end to divine revelation! ⁵⁴ 

Amos 5:12

5:12 Certainly ⁵⁵  I am aware of ⁵⁶  your many rebellious acts ⁵⁷ 

and your numerous sins.

You ⁵⁸  torment the innocent, you take bribes,

and you deny justice to ⁵⁹  the needy at the city gate. ⁶⁰ 

Amos 5:22

5:22 Even if you offer me burnt and grain offerings, ⁶¹  I will not be satisfied;

I will not look with favor on your peace offerings of fattened calves. ⁶² 

Amos 9:10

9:10 All the sinners among my people will die by the sword –

the ones who say, ‘Disaster will not come near, it will not confront us.’

[1:10]  ¹ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:10]  ² tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ³ sn Teman was an important region (or perhaps city) in Edom.

[1:12]  ⁴ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ⁵ sn Bozrah was a city located in northern Edom.

[2:5]  ⁶ map For the location of Jerusalem see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[7:4]  ⁷ tn Heb “behold” or “look.”

[7:4]  ⁸ tc The Hebrew appears to read, “summoning to contend with fire,” or “summoning fire to contend,” but both are problematic syntactically (H. W. Wolff, Joel and Amos [Hermeneia], 292; S. M. Paul, Amos [Hermeneia], 230-31). Many emend the text to לרבב אשׁ, “(calling) for a shower of fire,” though this interpretation is also problematic (see F. I. Andersen and D. N. Freedman, Amos [AB], 746-47).

[1:4]  ⁹ tn “Hazael’s house” (“the house of Hazael”) refers to the dynasty of Hazael.

[1:4]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:4]  ¹¹ sn Ben-hadad may refer to Hazael’s son and successor (2 Kgs 13:3, 24) or to an earlier king (see 1 Kgs 20), perhaps the ruler whom Hazael assassinated when he assumed power.

[1:7]  ¹² sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:7]  ¹³ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[6:4]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “beds of ivory.”

[7:12]  ¹⁵ tn Traditionally, “seer.” The word is a synonym for “prophet,” though it may carry a derogatory tone on the lips of Amaziah.

[7:12]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “Eat bread there.”

[1:14]  ¹⁷ sn Rabbah was the Ammonite capital.

[1:14]  ¹⁸ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:14]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:14]  ²⁰ tn Heb “with a war cry in the day of battle.”

[1:14]  ²¹ tn Heb “with wind in the day of the windstorm.”

[2:2]  ²² sn The destruction of Moab by fire is an example of a judgment in kind – as the Moabites committed the crime of “burning,” so the Lord will punish them by setting them on fire.

[2:2]  ²³ sn Kerioth was an important Moabite city. See Jer 48:24, 41.

[2:2]  ²⁴ tn Or “die” (KJV, NASB, NRSV, TEV); NAB “shall meet death.”

[2:2]  ²⁵ tn Or “in the tumult.” This word refers to the harsh confusion of sounds that characterized an ancient battle – a mixture of war cries, shouts, shrieks of pain, clashes of weapons, etc.

[2:2]  ²⁶ tn Heb “sound” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV).

[2:2]  ²⁷ sn The ram’s horn (used as a trumpet) was blown to signal the approaching battle.

[5:6]  ²⁸ tn Heb “rush.” The verb depicts swift movement.

[5:6]  ²⁹ sn Here Joseph (= Ephraim and Manasseh), as the most prominent of the Israelite tribes, represents the entire northern kingdom.

[5:6]  ³⁰ tn Heb “house.”

[5:6]  ³¹ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[5:6]  ³² tn Heb “to/for Bethel.” The translation assumes that the preposition indicates advantage, “on behalf of.” Another option is to take the preposition as vocative, “O Bethel.”

[7:2]  ³³ tn “Israel” is supplied in the translation for clarity.

[7:2]  ³⁴ tn Heb “stand” (so ASV, NAB, NASB, NRSV).

[7:2]  ³⁵ tn Heb “small.”

[4:9]  ³⁶ tn Heb “you.” By metonymy the crops belonging to these people are meant. See the remainder of this verse, which describes the agricultural devastation caused by locusts.

[4:9]  ³⁷ tn The Hiphil infinitive construct is taken adverbially (“kept”) and connected to the activity of the locusts (NJPS). It also could be taken with the preceding sentence and related to the Lord’s interventions (“I kept destroying,” cf. NEB, NJB, NIV, NRSV), or it could be understood substantivally in construct with the following nouns (“Locusts devoured your many orchards,” cf. NASB; cf. also KJV, NKJV).

[4:9]  ³⁸ tn Or “gardens.”

[9:14]  ³⁹ tn This line can also be translated “I will restore the fortunes of my people, Israel” and is a common idiom (e.g., Deut 30:3; Jer 30:3; Hos 6:11; Zeph 3:20). This rendering is followed by several modern English versions (e.g., NEB, NRSV, NJPS).

[9:14]  ⁴⁰ tn Or “the ruined [or “desolate”] cities.”

[9:14]  ⁴¹ tn Or “and live [in them].”

[9:14]  ⁴² tn Heb “drink their wine.”

[9:14]  ⁴³ tn Or “gardens.”

[9:14]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “eat their fruit.”

[4:6]  ⁴⁵ tn The Hebrew construction is emphatic (pronoun + verb). It underscores the stark contrast between the judgments that the Lord had been sending with the God of blessing Israel was celebrating in its worship (4:4-5).

[4:6]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “But I gave to you cleanness of teeth in all your cities, and lack of food in all your places.” The phrase “cleanness of teeth” is a vivid way of picturing the famine Israel experienced.

[7:17]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “in the city,” that is, “in public.”

[7:17]  ⁴⁸ tn Heb “will fall by the sword.”

[7:17]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “will be divided up with a [surveyor’s] measuring line.”

[7:17]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “[an] unclean”; or “[an] impure.” This fate would be especially humiliating for a priest, who was to distinguish between the ritually clean and unclean (see Lev 10:10).

[7:17]  ⁵¹ tn See the note on the word “exile” in 5:5.

[8:11]  ⁵² tn Heb “behold” or “look.”

[8:11]  ⁵³ tn Heb “the days are.”

[8:11]  ⁵⁴ tn Heb “not a hunger for food or a thirst for water, but for hearing the words of the Lord.”

[5:12]  ⁵⁵ tn Or “for.”

[5:12]  ⁵⁶ tn Or “I know” (so most English versions).

[5:12]  ⁵⁷ tn Or “transgressions,” “sins.” See the note on the word “crimes” in 1:3 and on the phrase “covenant violations” in 2:4.

[5:12]  ⁵⁸ tn Heb “Those who.”

[5:12]  ⁵⁹ tn Heb “turn aside.” They “turn aside” the needy by denying them the justice they deserve at the city gate (where legal decisions were made, and therefore where justice should be done).

[5:12]  ⁶⁰ sn Legal disputes were resolved in the city gate, where the town elders met.

[5:22]  ⁶¹ tn Heb “burnt offerings and your grain offerings.”

[5:22]  ⁶² tn Heb “Peace offering[s], your fattened calves, I will not look at.”