2 Kings 1:17

1:17 He died just as the Lord had prophesied through Elijah. ¹  In the second year of the reign of King Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat over Judah, Ahaziah’s brother Jehoram replaced him as king of Israel, because he had no son. ² 

2 Kings 3:7

3:7 He sent ³  this message to King Jehoshaphat of Judah: “The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you fight with me against Moab?” Jehoshaphat ⁴  replied, “I will join you in the campaign; my army and horses are at your disposal.” ⁵ 

2 Kings 3:14

3:14 Elisha said, “As certainly as the Lord who rules over all ⁶  lives (whom I serve), ⁷  if I did not respect King Jehoshaphat of Judah, ⁸  I would not pay attention to you or acknowledge you. ⁹ 

2 Kings 9:21

9:21 Jehoram ordered, “Hitch up my chariot.” ¹⁰  When his chariot had been hitched up, ¹¹  King Jehoram of Israel and King Ahaziah of Judah went out in their respective chariots ¹²  to meet Jehu. They met up with him ¹³  in the plot of land that had once belonged to Naboth of Jezreel.

2 Kings 9:27

9:27 When King Ahaziah of Judah saw what happened, he took off ¹⁴  up the road to Beth Haggan. Jehu chased him and ordered, “Shoot him too.” They shot him while he was driving his chariot up the ascent of Gur near Ibleam. ¹⁵  He fled to Megiddo ¹⁶  and died there.

2 Kings 10:13

10:13 Jehu encountered ¹⁷  the relatives ¹⁸  of King Ahaziah of Judah. He asked, “Who are you?” They replied, “We are Ahaziah’s relatives. We have come down to see how ¹⁹  the king’s sons and the queen mother’s sons are doing.”

2 Kings 13:1

Jehoahaz’s Reign over Israel

13:1 In the twenty-third year of the reign of Judah’s King Joash son of Ahaziah, Jehu’s son Jehoahaz became king over Israel. He reigned in Samaria ²⁰  for seventeen years.

2 Kings 13:12

13:12 The rest of the events of Joash’s ²¹  reign, including all his accomplishments and his successful war with King Amaziah of Judah, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Israel. ²² 

2 Kings 14:13

14:13 King Jehoash of Israel captured King Amaziah of Judah, son of Jehoash son of Ahaziah, in Beth Shemesh. He ²³  attacked ²⁴  Jerusalem and broke down the wall of Jerusalem from the Gate of Ephraim to the Corner Gate – a distance of about six hundred feet. ²⁵ 

2 Kings 14:15

14:15 The rest of the events of Jehoash’s ²⁶  reign, including all his accomplishments and his successful war with King Amaziah of Judah, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Israel. ²⁷ 

2 Kings 14:23

Jeroboam II’s Reign over Israel

14:23 In the fifteenth year of the reign of Judah’s King Amaziah, son of Joash, Jeroboam son of Joash became king over Israel. He reigned for forty-one years in Samaria. ²⁸ 

2 Kings 14:28

14:28 The rest of the events of Jeroboam’s reign, including all his accomplishments, his military success in restoring Israelite control over Damascus and Hamath, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Israel. ²⁹ 

2 Kings 17:13

17:13 The Lord solemnly warned Israel and Judah through all his prophets and all the seers, “Turn back from your evil ways; obey my commandments and rules that are recorded in the law. I ordered your ancestors to keep this law and sent my servants the prophets to remind you of its demands.” ³⁰ 

2 Kings 18:22

18:22 Perhaps you will tell me, ‘We are trusting in the Lord our God.’ But Hezekiah is the one who eliminated his high places and altars and then told the people of Judah and Jerusalem, ‘You must worship at this altar in Jerusalem.’

2 Kings 19:10

19:10 “Tell King Hezekiah of Judah this: ‘Don’t let your God in whom you trust mislead you when he says, “Jerusalem will not be handed over ³¹  to the king of Assyria.”

2 Kings 20:20

20:20 The rest of the events of Hezekiah’s reign and all his accomplishments, including how he built a pool and conduit to bring ³²  water into the city, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Judah. ³³ 

2 Kings 21:16

21:16 Furthermore Manasseh killed so many innocent people, he stained Jerusalem with their blood from end to end, ³⁴  in addition to encouraging Judah to sin by doing evil in the sight of the Lord. ³⁵ 

2 Kings 22:16

22:16 “This is what the Lord says: ‘I am about to bring disaster on this place and its residents, the details of which are recorded in the scroll which the king of Judah has read. ³⁶ 

2 Kings 22:18

22:18 Say this to the king of Judah, who sent you to seek an oracle from the Lord: “This is what the Lord God of Israel says concerning the words you have heard:

2 Kings 23:2

23:2 The king went up to the Lord’s temple, accompanied by all the people of Judah, all the residents of Jerusalem, the priests, and the prophets. All the people were there, from the youngest to the oldest. He read aloud ³⁷  all the words of the scroll of the covenant that had been discovered in the Lord’s temple.

2 Kings 23:11-12

23:11 He removed from the entrance to the Lord’s temple the statues of horses ³⁸  that the kings of Judah had placed there in honor of the sun god. (They were kept near the room of Nathan Melech the eunuch, which was situated among the courtyards.) ³⁹  He burned up the chariots devoted to the sun god. ⁴⁰  23:12 The king tore down the altars the kings of Judah had set up on the roof of Ahaz’s upper room, as well as the altars Manasseh had set up in the two courtyards of the Lord’s temple. He crushed them up ⁴¹  and threw the dust in the Kidron Valley.

2 Kings 23:17

23:17 He asked, “What is this grave marker I see?” The men from the city replied, “It’s the grave of the prophet ⁴²  who came from Judah and foretold these very things you have done to the altar of Bethel.”

2 Kings 23:27

23:27 The Lord announced, “I will also spurn Judah, ⁴³  just as I spurned Israel. I will reject this city that I chose – both Jerusalem and the temple, about which I said, “I will live there.” ⁴⁴ 

2 Kings 24:2

24:2 The Lord sent against him Babylonian, Syrian, Moabite, and Ammonite raiding bands; he sent them to destroy Judah, as he had warned he would do through his servants the prophets. ⁴⁵ 

2 Kings 24:12

24:12 King Jehoiachin of Judah, along with his mother, his servants, his officials, and his eunuchs surrendered ⁴⁶  to the king of Babylon. The king of Babylon, in the eighth year of his reign, ⁴⁷  took Jehoiachin ⁴⁸  prisoner.

[1:17]  ¹ tn Heb “according to the word of the Lord which he spoke through Elijah.”

[1:17]  ² tn Heb “Jehoram replaced him as king…because he had no son.” Some ancient textual witnesses add “his brother,” which was likely added on the basis of the statement later in the verse that Ahaziah had no son.

[3:7]  ³ tn Heb “went and sent.”

[3:7]  ⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jehoshaphat) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[3:7]  ⁵ tn Heb “I will go up – like me, like you; like my people, like your people; like my horses; like your horses.”

[3:14]  ⁶ tn Traditionally “the Lord of hosts.”

[3:14]  ⁷ tn Heb “before whom I stand.”

[3:14]  ⁸ tn Heb “if I did not lift up the face of Jehoshaphat the king of Judah.”

[3:14]  ⁹ tn Heb “I would not look at you or see you.”

[9:21]  ¹⁰ tn The words “my chariot” are added for clarification.

[9:21]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and he hitched up his chariot.”

[9:21]  ¹² tn Heb “each in his chariot and they went out.”

[9:21]  ¹³ tn Heb “they found him.”

[9:27]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and Ahaziah king of Judah saw and fled.”

[9:27]  ¹⁵ tn After Jehu’s order (“kill him too”), the MT has simply, “to the chariot in the ascent of Gur which is near Ibleam.” The main verb in the clause, “they shot him” (וַיִּכְהוּ, vayyikhhu), has been accidentally omitted by virtual haplography/homoioteleuton. Note that the immediately preceding form הַכֻּהוּ (hakkuhu), “shoot him,” ends with the same suffix.

[9:27]  ¹⁶ map For location see Map1 D4; Map2 C1; Map4 C2; Map5 F2; Map7 B1.

[10:13]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “found.”

[10:13]  ¹⁸ tn Or “brothers.”

[10:13]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “for the peace of.”

[13:1]  ²⁰ map For location see Map2 B1; Map4 D3; Map5 E2; Map6 A4; Map7 C1.

[13:12]  ²¹ sn Jehoash and Joash are alternate forms of the same name.

[13:12]  ²² tn Heb “As for the rest of the events of Joash, and all which he did and his strength, [and] how he fought with Amaziah king of Judah, are they not written on the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Israel?”

[14:13]  ²³ tc The MT has the plural form of the verb, but the final vav (ו) is virtually dittographic. The word that immediately follows in the Hebrew text begins with a yod (י). The form should be emended to the singular, which is consistent in number with the verb (“he broke down”) that follows.

[14:13]  ²⁴ tn Heb “came to.”

[14:13]  ²⁵ tn Heb “four hundred cubits.” The standard cubit in the OT is assumed by most authorities to be about eighteen inches (45 cm) long.

[14:15]  ²⁶ sn Jehoash and Joash are alternate forms of the same name.

[14:15]  ²⁷ tn Heb “As for the rest of the events of Jehoash, and all which he did and his strength, [and] how he fought with Amaziah king of Judah, are they not written on the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Israel?”

[14:23]  ²⁸ map For location see Map2 B1; Map4 D3; Map5 E2; Map6 A4; Map7 C1.

[14:28]  ²⁹ tn Heb “As for the rest of the events of Jeroboam, and all which he did and his strength, [and] how he fought and how he restored Damascus and Hamath to Judah in Israel, are they not written on the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Israel?” The phrase “to Judah” is probably not original; it may be a scribal addition by a Judahite scribe who was trying to link Jeroboam’s conquests with the earlier achievements of David and Solomon, who ruled in Judah. The Syriac Peshitta has simply “to Israel.” M. Cogan and H. Tadmor (II Kings [AB], 162) offer this proposal, but acknowledge that it is “highly speculative.”

[17:13]  ³⁰ tn Heb “obey my commandments and rules according to all the law which I commanded your fathers and which I sent to you by the hand of my servants the prophets.”

[19:10]  ³¹ tn Heb “will not be given.”

[20:20]  ³² tn Heb “and he brought.”

[20:20]  ³³ tn Heb “As for the rest of the events of Hezekiah, and all his strength, and how he made a pool and a conduit and brought water to the city, are they not written on the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Judah?”

[21:16]  ³⁴ tn Heb “and also Manasseh shed very much innocent blood, until he filled Jerusalem from mouth to mouth.”

[21:16]  ³⁵ tn Heb “apart from his sin which he caused Judah to commit, by doing what is evil in the eyes of the Lord.”

[22:16]  ³⁶ tn Heb “all the words of the scroll which the king of Judah has read.”

[23:2]  ³⁷ tn Heb “read in their ears.”

[23:11]  ³⁸ tn The MT simply reads “the horses.” The words “statues of” have been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[23:11]  ³⁹ tn Heb “who/which was in the […?].” The meaning of the Hebrew term פַּרְוָרִים (parvarim), translated here “courtyards,” is uncertain. The relative clause may indicate where the room was located or explain who Nathan Melech was, “the eunuch who was in the courtyards.” See M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 288-89, who translate “the officer of the precincts.”

[23:11]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “and the chariots of the sun he burned with fire.”

[23:12]  ⁴¹ tc The MT reads, “he ran from there,” which makes little if any sense in this context. Some prefer to emend the verbal form (Qal of רוּץ [ruts], “run”) to a Hiphil of רוּץ with third plural suffix and translate, “he quickly removed them” (see BDB 930 s.v. רוּץ, and M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings [AB], 289). The suffix could have been lost in MT by haplography (note the mem [מ] that immediately follows the verb on the form מִשֳׁם, misham, “from there”). Another option, the one reflected in the translation, is to emend the verb to a Piel of רָצַץ (ratsats), “crush,” with third plural suffix.

[23:17]  ⁴² tn Heb “man of God.”

[23:27]  ⁴³ tn Heb “Also Judah I will turn away from my face.”

[23:27]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “My name will be there.”

[24:2]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “he sent them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of the Lord which he spoke by the hand of his servants the prophets.”

[24:12]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “came out.”

[24:12]  ⁴⁷ sn That is, the eighth year of Nebuchadnezzar’s reign, 597 b.c.

[24:12]  ⁴⁸ tn Heb “him”; the referent (Jehoiachin) has been specified in the translation for clarity.