1 Raja-raja 8:63

8:63 Solomon offered as peace offerings ¹  to the Lord 22,000 cattle and 120,000 sheep. Then the king and all the Israelites dedicated the Lord’s temple.

1 Raja-raja 8:65

8:65 At that time Solomon and all Israel with him celebrated a festival before the Lord our God for two entire weeks. This great assembly included people from all over the land, from Lebo Hamath in the north to the Brook of Egypt ²  in the south. ³ 

Imamat 3:1-17

Peace Offering Regulations: Animal from the Herd

3:1 “‘Now if his offering is a peace offering sacrifice, ⁴  if he presents an offering from the herd, he must present before the Lord a flawless male or a female. ⁵  3:2 He must lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it at the entrance of the Meeting Tent, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, must splash the blood against the altar’s sides. ⁶  3:3 Then the one presenting the offering ⁷  must present a gift to the Lord from the peace offering sacrifice: He must remove the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that surrounds the entrails, ⁸  3:4 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ⁹  3:5 Then the sons of Aaron must offer it up in smoke on the altar atop the burnt offering that is on the wood in the fire as a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord. ¹⁰ 

Animal from the Flock

3:6 “‘If his offering for a peace offering sacrifice to the Lord is from the flock, he must present a flawless male or female. ¹¹  3:7 If he presents a sheep as his offering, he must present it before the Lord. 3:8 He must lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it before the Meeting Tent, and the sons of Aaron must splash ¹²  its blood against the altar’s sides. 3:9 Then he must present a gift to the Lord from the peace offering sacrifice: He must remove all the fatty tail up to the end of the spine, the fat covering the entrails, and all the fat on the entrails, ¹³  3:10 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ¹⁴  3:11 Then the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar as a food gift to the Lord. ¹⁵ 

3:12 “‘If his offering is a goat he must present it before the Lord, 3:13 lay his hand on its head, and slaughter it before the Meeting Tent, and the sons of Aaron must splash its blood against the altar’s sides. 3:14 Then he must present from it his offering as a gift to the Lord: the fat which covers the entrails and all the fat on the entrails, ¹⁶  3:15 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ¹⁷  3:16 Then the priest must offer them up in smoke on the altar as a food gift for a soothing aroma – all the fat belongs to the Lord. 3:17 This is ¹⁸  a perpetual statute throughout your generations ¹⁹  in all the places where you live: You must never eat any fat or any blood.’” ²⁰ 

Imamat 7:11-19

The Peace Offering

7:11 “‘This is the law of the peace offering sacrifice which he ²¹  is to present to the Lord. 7:12 If he presents it on account of thanksgiving, ²²  along with the thank offering sacrifice he must present unleavened loaves mixed with olive oil, unleavened wafers smeared with olive oil, ²³  and well soaked ²⁴  ring-shaped loaves made of choice wheat flour ²⁵  mixed with olive oil. 7:13 He must present this grain offering ²⁶  in addition to ring-shaped loaves of leavened bread which regularly accompany ²⁷  the sacrifice of his thanksgiving peace offering. 7:14 He must present one of each kind of grain offering ²⁸  as a contribution offering ²⁹  to the Lord; it belongs to the priest who splashes the blood of the peace offering. 7:15 The meat of his ³⁰  thanksgiving peace offering must be eaten on the day of his offering; he must not set any of it aside until morning.

7:16 “‘If his offering is a votive or freewill sacrifice, ³¹  it may be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice, and also the leftovers from it may be eaten on the next day, ³²  7:17 but the leftovers from the meat of the sacrifice must be burned up in the fire ³³  on the third day. 7:18 If some of the meat of his peace offering sacrifice is ever eaten on the third day it will not be accepted; it will not be accounted to the one who presented it, since it is spoiled, ³⁴  and the person who eats from it will bear his punishment for iniquity. ³⁵  7:19 The meat which touches anything ceremonially ³⁶  unclean must not be eaten; it must be burned up in the fire. As for ceremonially clean meat, ³⁷  everyone who is ceremonially clean may eat the meat.

Imamat 7:2

7:2 In the place where they slaughter the burnt offering they must slaughter the guilt offering, and the officiating priest ³⁸  must splash ³⁹  the blood against the altar’s sides.

1 Samuel 6:18-19

6:18 The gold mice corresponded in number to all the Philistine cities of the five leaders, from the fortified cities to hamlet villages, to greater Abel, ⁴⁰  where they positioned the ark of the Lord until this very day in the field of Joshua who was from Beth Shemesh.

6:19 But the Lord ⁴¹  struck down some of the people of Beth Shemesh because they had looked into the ark of the Lord; he struck down 50,070 ⁴²  of the men. The people grieved because the Lord had struck the people with a hard blow.

1 Samuel 6:2

6:2 the Philistines called the priests and the omen readers, saying, “What should we do with the ark of the Lord? Advise us as to how we should send it back to its place.”

1 Samuel 7:5

7:5 Then Samuel said, “Gather all Israel to Mizpah, and I will pray to the Lord on your behalf.”

1 Samuel 7:7-10

7:7 When the Philistines heard that the Israelites had gathered at Mizpah, the leaders of the Philistines went up against Israel. When the Israelites heard about this, they were afraid of the Philistines. 7:8 The Israelites said to Samuel, “Keep ⁴³  crying out to the Lord our ⁴⁴  God so that he may save us ⁴⁵  from the hand of the Philistines!” 7:9 So Samuel took a nursing lamb ⁴⁶  and offered it as a whole burnt offering to the Lord. Samuel cried out to the Lord on Israel’s behalf, and the Lord answered him.

7:10 As Samuel was offering burnt offerings, the Philistines approached to do battle with Israel. ⁴⁷  But on that day the Lord thundered loudly against the Philistines. He caused them to panic, and they were defeated by ⁴⁸  Israel.

1 Samuel 30:22-26

30:22 But all the evil and worthless men among those who had gone with David said, “Since they didn’t go with us, ⁴⁹  we won’t give them any of the loot we retrieved! They may take only their wives and children. Let them lead them away and be gone!”

30:23 But David said, “No! You shouldn’t do this, my brothers. Look at what the Lord has given us! ⁵⁰  He has protected us and has delivered into our hands the raiding party that came against us. 30:24 Who will listen to you in this matter? The portion of the one who went down into the battle will be the same as the portion of the one who remained with the equipment! Let their portions be the same!”

30:25 From that time onward it was a binding ordinance ⁵¹  for Israel, right up to the present time.

30:26 When David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the plunder to the elders of Judah who were his friends, saying, “Here’s a gift ⁵²  for you from the looting of the Lord’s enemies!”

[8:63]  ¹ tn Or “tokens of peace”; NIV, TEV “fellowship offerings.”

[8:65]  ² tn Or “the Wadi of Egypt” (NAB, NIV, NRSV); CEV “the Egyptian Gorge.”

[8:65]  ³ tn Heb “Solomon held at that time the festival, and all Israel was with him, a great assembly from Lebo Hamath to the Brook of Egypt, before the Lord our God for seven days and seven days, fourteen days.”

[3:1]  ⁴ sn The peace offering sacrifice primarily enacted and practiced communion between God and man (and between the people of God). This was illustrated by the fact that the fat parts of the animal were consumed on the altar of the Lord but the meat was consumed by the worshipers in a meal before God. This is the only kind of offering in which common worshipers partook of the meat of the animal. When there was a series of offerings that included a peace offering (see, e.g., Lev 9:8-21, sin offerings, burnt offerings, and afterward the peace offerings in vv. 18-21), the peace offering was always offered last because it expressed the fact that all was well between God and his worshiper(s). There were various kinds of peace offerings, depending on the worship intended on the specific occasion. The “thank offering” expressed thanksgiving (e.g., Lev 7:11-15; 22:29-30), the “votive offering” fulfilled a vow (e.g., Lev 7:16-18; 22:21-25), and the “freewill offering” was offered as an expression of devotion and praise to God (e.g., Lev 7:16-18; 22:21-25). The so-called “ordination offering” was also a kind of peace offering that was used to consecrate the priests at their ordination (e.g., Exod 29:19-34; Lev 7:37; 8:22-32). See R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 1:1066-73 and 4:135-43.

[3:1]  ⁵ tn Heb “if a male if a female, perfect he shall present it before the Lord.” The “or” in the present translation (and most other English versions) is not present in the Hebrew text here, but see v. 6 below.

[3:2]  ⁶ tn See the remarks on Lev 1:3-5 above for some of the details of translation here.

[3:3]  ⁷ tn Heb “Then he”; the referent (the person presenting the offering) has been specified in the translation for clarity (cf. the note on Lev 1:5).

[3:3]  ⁸ tn Heb “and all the fat on the entrails.” The fat layer that covers the entrails as a whole (i.e., “that covers the entrails”) is different from the fat that surrounds and adheres to the various organs (“on the entrails,” i.e., surrounding them; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:205-7).

[3:4]  ⁹ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.” Cf. NRSV “the appendage of the liver”; NIV “the covering of the liver” (KJV “the caul above the liver”).

[3:5]  ¹⁰ tn Or “on the fire – [it is] a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord” (see Lev 1:13b, 17b, and the note on 1:9b).

[3:6]  ¹¹ tn Heb “a male or female without defect he shall present it”; cf. NLT “must have no physical defects.”

[3:8]  ¹² tn See the note on this term at 1:5.

[3:9]  ¹³ sn See the note on this phrase in 3:3.

[3:10]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[3:11]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “food, a gift to the Lord.”

[3:14]  ¹⁶ sn See the note on this phrase in 3:3.

[3:15]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[3:17]  ¹⁸ tn The words “This is” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied due to requirements of English style.

[3:17]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “for your generations”; NAB “for your descendants”; NLT “for you and all your descendants.”

[3:17]  ²⁰ tn Heb “all fat and all blood you must not eat.”

[7:11]  ²¹ tn This “he” pronoun refers to the offerer. Smr and LXX have plural “they.”

[7:12]  ²² tn Or “for a thank offering.”

[7:12]  ²³ tn See the notes on Lev 2:4.

[7:12]  ²⁴ tn See the note on Lev 6:21 [6:14 HT].

[7:12]  ²⁵ tn Heb “choice wheat flour well soaked ring-shaped loaves.” See the note on Lev 2:1.

[7:13]  ²⁶ tn The rendering “this [grain] offering” is more literally “his offering,” but it refers to the series of grain offerings listed just previously in v. 12.

[7:13]  ²⁷ tn The words “which regularly accompany” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied for clarity.

[7:13]  sn The translation “[which regularly accompany]…” is based on the practice of bringing bread (and wine) to eat with the portions of the peace offering meat eaten by the priests and worshipers (see v. 14 and Num 15:1-13). This was in addition to the memorial portion of the unleavened bread that was offered to the Lord on the altar (cf. Lev 2:2, 9, and the note on 7:12).

[7:14]  ²⁸ tn Here the Hebrew text reads “offering” (קָרְבָּן, qorbban), not “grain offering” (מִנְחָה, minkhah), but in this context the term refers once again to the list in 7:12.

[7:14]  ²⁹ tn The term rendered “contribution offering” is תְּרוּמָה (tÿrumah), which generally refers to that which is set aside from the offerings to the Lord as prebends for the officiating priests (cf. esp. Lev 7:28-34 and R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 4:335-37). Cf. TEV “as a special contribution.”

[7:15]  ³⁰ tn In the verse “his” refers to the offerer.

[7:16]  ³¹ tn For the distinction between votive and freewill offerings see the note on Lev 22:23 and the literature cited there.

[7:16]  ³² tn Heb “and on the next day and the left over from it shall be eaten.”

[7:17]  ³³ tn Heb “burned with fire,” an expression which is sometimes redundant in English, but here means “burned up,” “burned up entirely” (likewise in v. 19).

[7:18]  ³⁴ tn Or “desecrated,” or “defiled,” or “forbidden.” For this difficult term see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:422. Cf. NIV “it is impure”; NCV “it will become unclean”; NLT “will be contaminated.”

[7:18]  ³⁵ tn Heb “his iniquity he shall bear” (cf. Lev 5:1); NIV “will be held responsible”; NRSV “shall incur guilt”; TEV “will suffer the consequences.”

[7:19]  ³⁶ tn The word “ceremonially” has been supplied in the translation both here and in the following sentence to clarify that the uncleanness involved is ritual or ceremonial in nature.

[7:19]  ³⁷ tn The Hebrew has simply “the flesh,” but this certainly refers to “clean” flesh in contrast to the unclean flesh in the first half of the verse.

[7:2]  ³⁸ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the officiating priest) has been specified in the translation for clarity. This priest was responsible for any actions involving direct contact with the altar (e.g., the splashing of the blood).

[7:2]  ³⁹ tn See the note on Lev 1:5.

[6:18]  ⁴⁰ tc A few Hebrew mss and the LXX read “villages; the large rock…[is witness] until this very day.”

[6:19]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[6:19]  ⁴² tc The number 50,070 is surprisingly large, although it finds almost unanimous textual support in the MT and in the ancient versions. Only a few medieval Hebrew mss lack “50,000,” reading simply “70” instead. However, there does not seem to be sufficient external evidence to warrant reading 70 rather than 50,070, although that is done by a number of recent translations (e.g., NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT). The present translation (reluctantly) follows the MT and the ancient versions here.

[7:8]  ⁴³ tn Heb “don’t stop.”

[7:8]  ⁴⁴ tc The LXX reads “your God” rather than the MT’s “our God.”

[7:8]  ⁴⁵ tn After the negated jussive, the prefixed verbal form with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose/result.

[7:9]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “a lamb of milk”; NAB “an unweaned lamb”; NIV “a suckling lamb”; NCV “a baby lamb.”

[7:10]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “approached for battle against Israel.”

[7:10]  ⁴⁸ tn Heb “before.”

[30:22]  ⁴⁹ tc Heb “with me.” The singular is used rather than the plural because the group is being treated as a singular entity, in keeping with Hebrew idiom. It is not necessary to read “with us,” rather than the MT “with me,” although the plural can be found here in a few medieval Hebrew mss. See also the LXX, Syriac Peshitta, and Vulgate, although these versions may simply reflect an understanding of the idiom as found in the MT rather than a different textual reading.

[30:23]  ⁵⁰ tc This clause is difficult in the MT. The present translation accepts the text as found in the MT and understands this clause to be elliptical, with an understood verb such as “look” or “consider.” On the other hand, the LXX seems to reflect a slightly different Hebrew text, reading “after” where the MT has “my brothers.” The Greek translation yields the following translation: “You should not do this after the Lord has delivered us.” Although the Greek reading should be taken seriously, it seems better to follow the MT here.

[30:25]  ⁵¹ tn Heb “a statute and a judgment.” The expression is a hendiadys.

[30:26]  ⁵² tn Heb “blessing.”