Teks -- Isaiah 64:1-12 (NET)
Nama Orang, Nama Tempat, Topik/Tema Kamus
kecilkan semuaTafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)
Wesley: Isa 64:1 - Rent A metaphor taken from men, that when they would resolutely help one in distress, break and fling open doors and whatever may hinder.
A metaphor taken from men, that when they would resolutely help one in distress, break and fling open doors and whatever may hinder.
Wesley: Isa 64:1 - Flow down That all impediments might be removed out of the way: possibly an allusion to God's coming down upon mount Sinai, in those terrible flames of fire.
That all impediments might be removed out of the way: possibly an allusion to God's coming down upon mount Sinai, in those terrible flames of fire.
Wesley: Isa 64:2 - Fire Come with such zeal for thy people, that the solid mountains may be no more before thy breath, than metal that runs, or water that boils by the force ...
Come with such zeal for thy people, that the solid mountains may be no more before thy breath, than metal that runs, or water that boils by the force of a vehement fire.
Wesley: Isa 64:2 - Known That thine enemies may know thy power, and that thy name may be dreaded among them.
That thine enemies may know thy power, and that thy name may be dreaded among them.
Wesley: Isa 64:3 - Terrible things This may relate to what he did among the Egyptians, tho' it be not recorded, and afterward in the wilderness.
This may relate to what he did among the Egyptians, tho' it be not recorded, and afterward in the wilderness.
Such things as we could never expect.
Wesley: Isa 64:3 - Mountains Kings, princes, and potentates, may metaphorically be understood by these mountains.
Kings, princes, and potentates, may metaphorically be understood by these mountains.
Wesley: Isa 64:4 - Besides thee This is to be applied to all the wonderful works, that God at all times wrought for his people: and thus they are a plea with God, that they might wel...
This is to be applied to all the wonderful works, that God at all times wrought for his people: and thus they are a plea with God, that they might well expect such things from him now, that had done such wonderful things for their fathers.
Wesley: Isa 64:4 - Waiteth This may be taken with reference both to the state of grace and glory, those incomprehensible things that are exhibited through Christ in the mysterie...
This may be taken with reference both to the state of grace and glory, those incomprehensible things that are exhibited through Christ in the mysteries of the gospel.
As the father the prodigal.
That rejoices to work righteousness.
To those that work righteousness.
In so doing, in working righteousness.
Wesley: Isa 64:6 - Unclean Formerly there were some that feared thee; but now we are all as one polluted mass, nothing of good left in us by reason of an universal degeneracy.
Formerly there were some that feared thee; but now we are all as one polluted mass, nothing of good left in us by reason of an universal degeneracy.
The very best of us all are no better than the uncleanest things.
Carried away to Babylon, as leaves hurried away by a boisterous wind.
That call upon thee as they ought.
Wesley: Isa 64:7 - Take hold Either to stay thee from departing from us, or to fetch thee back when departed.
Either to stay thee from departing from us, or to fetch thee back when departed.
Wesley: Isa 64:8 - Our father Notwithstanding all this thou art our father both by creation, and by adoption, therefore pity us thy children.
Notwithstanding all this thou art our father both by creation, and by adoption, therefore pity us thy children.
Wesley: Isa 64:9 - Thy people Thou hast no people in covenant but us, and wilt thou not leave thyself a people in the world?
Thou hast no people in covenant but us, and wilt thou not leave thyself a people in the world?
Wesley: Isa 64:11 - Pleasant things The king's palace, and the houses of the nobles, and other pieces of state and magnificence.
The king's palace, and the houses of the nobles, and other pieces of state and magnificence.
Wesley: Isa 64:12 - Wilt thou Do none of these things move thee to take vengeance? Thy peace - Wilt thou be as one that regards not?
Do none of these things move thee to take vengeance? Thy peace - Wilt thou be as one that regards not?
JFB -> Isa 64:1; Isa 64:1; Isa 64:2; Isa 64:3; Isa 64:3; Isa 64:3; Isa 64:3; Isa 64:3; Isa 64:4; Isa 64:4; Isa 64:5; Isa 64:5; Isa 64:5; Isa 64:5; Isa 64:5; Isa 64:5; Isa 64:6; Isa 64:6; Isa 64:6; Isa 64:6; Isa 64:7; Isa 64:7; Isa 64:8; Isa 64:8; Isa 64:9; Isa 64:9; Isa 64:10; Isa 64:11; Isa 64:11; Isa 64:11; Isa 64:11; Isa 64:12
JFB: Isa 64:1 - rend . . . heavens Bursting forth to execute vengeance, suddenly descending on Thy people's foe (Psa 18:9; Psa 144:5; Hab 3:5-6).
JFB: Isa 64:2 - -- Oh, that Thy wrath would consume Thy foes as the fire. Rather, "as the fire burneth the dry brushwood" [GESENIUS].
Oh, that Thy wrath would consume Thy foes as the fire. Rather, "as the fire burneth the dry brushwood" [GESENIUS].
JFB: Isa 64:3 - we looked not for Far exceeding the expectation of any of our nation; unparalleled before (Exo 34:10; Psa 68:8).
On Mount Sinai.
JFB: Isa 64:3 - mountains flowed Repeated from Isa 64:1; they pray God to do the very same things for Israel now as in former ages. GESENIUS, instead of "flowed" here, and "flow" in I...
JFB: Isa 64:4 - perceived by the ear Paul (1Co 2:9) has for this, "nor have entered into the heart of man"; the virtual sense, sanctioned by his inspired authority; men might hear with th...
Paul (1Co 2:9) has for this, "nor have entered into the heart of man"; the virtual sense, sanctioned by his inspired authority; men might hear with the outward ear, but they could only by the Spirit "perceive" with the "heart" the spiritual significancy of God's acts, both those in relation to Israel, primarily referred to here, and those relating to the Gospel secondarily, which Paul refers to.
JFB: Isa 64:4 - O God . . . what he . . . prepared Rather, "nor hath eye seen a god beside thee who doeth such things." They refer to God's past marvellous acts in behalf of Israel as a plea for His no...
Rather, "nor hath eye seen a god beside thee who doeth such things." They refer to God's past marvellous acts in behalf of Israel as a plea for His now interposing for His people; but the Spirit, as Paul by inspiration shows, contemplated further God's revelation in the Gospel, which abounds in marvellous paradoxes never before heard of by carnal ear, not to be understood by mere human sagacity, and when foretold by the prophets not fully perceived or credited; and even after the manifestation of Christ not to be understood save through the inward teaching of the Holy Ghost. These are partly past and present, and partly future; therefore Paul substitutes "prepared" for "doeth," though his context shows he includes all three. For "waiteth" he has "love Him"; godly waiting on Him must flow from love, and not mere fear.
JFB: Isa 64:5 - meetest That is, Thou makest peace, or enterest into covenant with him (see on Isa 47:3).
That is, Thou makest peace, or enterest into covenant with him (see on Isa 47:3).
JFB: Isa 64:5 - rejoiceth and worketh That is, who with joyful willingness worketh [GESENIUS] (Act 10:35; Joh 7:17).
JFB: Isa 64:5 - those Thou meetest "those," in apposition to "him" who represents a class whose characteristics "those that," &c., more fully describes.
Thou meetest "those," in apposition to "him" who represents a class whose characteristics "those that," &c., more fully describes.
Literally, "tripped," carrying on the figure in "ways."
JFB: Isa 64:5 - in those is continuance A plea to deprecate the continuance of God's wrath; it is not in Thy wrath that there is continuance (Isa 54:7-8; Psa 30:5; Psa 103:9), but in Thy way...
A plea to deprecate the continuance of God's wrath; it is not in Thy wrath that there is continuance (Isa 54:7-8; Psa 30:5; Psa 103:9), but in Thy ways ("those"), namely, of covenant mercy to Thy people (Mic 7:18-20; Mal 3:6); on the strength of the everlasting continuance of His covenant they infer by faith, "we shall be saved." God "remembered" for them His covenant (Psa 106:45), though they often "remembered not" Him (Psa 78:42). CASTELLIO translates, "we have sinned for long in them ('thy ways'), and could we then be saved?" But they hardly would use such a plea when their very object was to be saved.
JFB: Isa 64:6 - unclean thing Legally unclean, as a leper. True of Israel, everywhere now cut off by unbelief and by God's judgments from the congregation of the saints.
Legally unclean, as a leper. True of Israel, everywhere now cut off by unbelief and by God's judgments from the congregation of the saints.
JFB: Isa 64:6 - righteousness Plural, "uncleanness" extended to every particular act of theirs, even to their prayers and praises. True of the best doings of the unregenerate (Phi ...
(Psa 90:5-6).
Rouseth himself from spiritual drowsiness.
JFB: Isa 64:8 - clay . . . potter (Isa 29:16; Isa 45:9). Unable to mould themselves aright, they beg the sovereign will of God to mould them unto salvation, even as He made them at th...
(Psa 74:1-2).
JFB: Isa 64:10 - holy cities No city but Jerusalem is called "the holy city" (Isa 48:2; Isa 52:1); the plural, therefore, refers to the upper and the lower parts of the same city ...
No city but Jerusalem is called "the holy city" (Isa 48:2; Isa 52:1); the plural, therefore, refers to the upper and the lower parts of the same city Jerusalem [VITRINGA]; or all Judea was holy to God, so its cities were deemed "holy" [MAURER]. But the parallelism favors VITRINGA. Zion and Jerusalem (the one city) answering to "holy cities."
The temple.
JFB: Isa 64:11 - burned (Psa 74:7; Lam 2:7; 2Ch 36:19). Its destruction under Nebuchadnezzar prefigured that under Titus.
JFB: Isa 64:11 - pleasant things Hebrew, "objects of desire"; our homes, our city, and all its dear associations.
Hebrew, "objects of desire"; our homes, our city, and all its dear associations.
JFB: Isa 64:12 - for these things Wilt Thou, notwithstanding these calamities of Thy people, still refuse Thy aid (Isa 42:14)?
In Isa 64:9, their plea was, "we are all Thy people." In...
Wilt Thou, notwithstanding these calamities of Thy people, still refuse Thy aid (Isa 42:14)?
In Isa 64:9, their plea was, "we are all Thy people." In answer, God declares that others (Gentiles) would be taken into covenant with Him, while His ancient people would be rejected. The Jews were slow to believe this; hence Paul says (Rom 10:20) that Isaiah was "very bold" in advancing so unpopular a sentiment; he implies what Paul states (Rom 2:28; Rom 9:6-7; Rom. 11:1-31), that "they are not all (in opposition to the Jews' plea, Isa 64:9) Israel which are of Israel." God's reason for so severely dealing with Israel is not changeableness in Him, but sin in them (Isa 65:2-7). Yet the whole nation shall not be destroyed, but only the wicked; a remnant shall be saved (Isa 65:8-16). There shall be, finally, universal blessedness to Israel, such as they had prayed for (Isa 65:17-25).
Clarke: Isa 64:1 - O that thou wouldest rend the heavens O that thou wouldest rend the heavens - This seems to allude to the wonderful manifestation of God upon Mount Sinai.
O that thou wouldest rend the heavens - This seems to allude to the wonderful manifestation of God upon Mount Sinai.
Clarke: Isa 64:2 - As when the melting fire burneth "As the fire kindleth the dry fuel"- המסים hamasim . "It means dry stubble, and the root is המס hamas , "says Rabbi Jonah, apud Sal ben Belec in loc . Which is approved by Schultens, Orig. Hebrews p. 30 "The fire kindling the stubble does not seem like enough to the melting of the mountains to be brought as a simile to it. What if thus? -
‘ That the mountains might flow down at thy presence
As the fire of things smelted burneth
As the fire causeth the waters to boil - ’
There is no doubt of the Hebrew words of the second line bearing that version."- Dr. Jubb
I submit these different interpretations to the reader’ s judgment. For my own part I am inclined to think that the text is much corrupted in this place. The ancient Versions have not the least traces of either of the above interpretations. The Septuagint and Syriac agree exactly together in rendering this line by, "As the wax melted before the fire,"which can by no means be reconciled with the present text. The Vulgate, for המסים hamasim , read ימסו yemasu
That the nations
As when the melting fire burneth "As the fire kindleth the dry fuel"- המסים hamasim . "It means dry stubble, and the root is המס hamas , ...
"The fire kindling the stubble does not seem like enough to the melting of the mountains to be brought as a simile to it. What if thus? -
‘ That the mountains might flow down at thy presence
As the fire of things smelted burneth
As the fire causeth the waters to boil - ’
There is no doubt of the Hebrew words of the second line bearing that version."- Dr. Jubb
I submit these different interpretations to the reader’ s judgment. For my own part I am inclined to think that the text is much corrupted in this place. The ancient Versions have not the least traces of either of the above interpretations. The Septuagint and Syriac agree exactly together in rendering this line by, "As the wax melted before the fire,"which can by no means be reconciled with the present text. The Vulgate, for
That the nations
As when the melting fire burneth "As the fire kindleth the dry fuel"- המסים hamasim . "It means dry stubble, and the root is המס hamas , ... As when the melting fire burneth "As the fire kindleth the dry fuel"-
"The fire kindling the stubble does not seem like enough to the melting of the mountains to be brought as a simile to it. What if thus? -
‘ That the mountains might flow down at thy presence
As the fire of things smelted burneth
As the fire causeth the waters to boil - ’
There is no doubt of the Hebrew words of the second line bearing that version."- Dr. Jubb
I submit these different interpretations to the reader’ s judgment. For my own part I am inclined to think that the text is much corrupted in this place. The ancient Versions have not the least traces of either of the above interpretations. The Septuagint and Syriac agree exactly together in rendering this line by, "As the wax melted before the fire,"which can by no means be reconciled with the present text. The Vulgate, for
That the nations - For
Clarke: Isa 64:4 - -- For since the beginning of the world men have not heard "For never have men heard"- St. Paul is generally supposed to have quoted this passage of Is...
For since the beginning of the world men have not heard "For never have men heard"- St. Paul is generally supposed to have quoted this passage of Isaiah, 1Co 2:9; and Clemens Romanus in his first epistle has made the same quotation, very nearly in the same words with the apostle. But the citation is so very different both from the Hebrew text and the version of the Septuagint, that it seems very difficult, if not impossible, to reconcile them by any literal emendation, without going beyond the bounds of temperate criticism. One clause, "neither hath it entered into the heart of man,"(which, by the way, is a phrase purely Hebrew,
The variations on this place are as follows: for
Clarke: Isa 64:5 - -- Thou meetest him that rejoiceth and worketh righteousness "Thou meetest with joy those who work righteousness"- The Syriac reads פוגע אתה ש...
Thou meetest him that rejoiceth and worketh righteousness "Thou meetest with joy those who work righteousness"- The Syriac reads
In those is continuance, and we shall be saved "Because of our deeds, for we have been rebellious"-
This, it may be said, is imposing your sense upon the prophet. It may be so; for perhaps these may not be the very words of the prophet: but however it is better than to impose upon him what makes no sense at all; as they generally do, who pretend to render such corrupted passages. For instance, our own translators:"in those is continuance, and we shall be saved:"in those in whom, or what? There is no antecedent to the relative. "In the ways of God,"say some: "with our fathers,"says Vitringa, joining it in construction with the verb,
Coverdale renders the passage thus: -
But lo, thou art angrie, for we offende, and have been ever in synne; and there is not one whole
This is, I am afraid, making a sense
After all that this very learned prelate has done to reduce these words to sense and meaning, I am afraid we are still far from the prophet’ s mind. Probably
Clarke: Isa 64:6 - As filthy rags As filthy rags - עדים iddim . Rab. Mosheh ben Maimon interpretatur עדים iddim , vestes quibus mulier se abstergit post congressum cum m...
As filthy rags -
Clarke: Isa 64:7 - There is none There is none - Twelve MSS. have אין ein , without the conjunction ו vau prefixed; and so read the Chaldee and Vulgate
And hast consumed u...
There is none - Twelve MSS. have
And hast consumed us because of our iniquities "And hast delivered us up into the hands of our iniquities"- For
Clarke: Isa 64:8 - But, now, O Lord, thou art our Father "But thou, O Jehovah, thou art our Father"- For ועתה veattah , and now, five MSS., one of them ancient, and the two oldest editions, 1486 and 1488, have ואתה veattah , and thou, and so the Chaldee seems to have read. The repetition has great force. The other word may be well spared. "But now, O Lord, thou art our Father."How very affectionate is the complaint in this and the following verses! But how does the distress increase, when they recollect the desolations of the temple, and ruin of public worship, Isa 64:11 : "Our holy and beautiful house, where our fathers praised thee, is burnt up with fire,"etc
We all are the work of thy hand
But, now, O Lord, thou art our Father "But thou, O Jehovah, thou art our Father"- For ועתה veattah , and now, five MSS., one of them ancient, a...
We all are the work of thy hand
But, now, O Lord, thou art our Father "But thou, O Jehovah, thou art our Father"- For ועתה veattah , and now, five MSS., one of them ancient, a... But, now, O Lord, thou art our Father "But thou, O Jehovah, thou art our Father"- For
We all are the work of thy hand - Three MSS. (two of them ancient) and the Septuagint read
Clarke: Isa 64:9 - Neither remember iniquity Neither remember iniquity - For לעד תזכר laad tizcor , one of my MSS. has לעד תקצף laad tiktsoph , "be not angry,"as in the precedin...
Neither remember iniquity - For
Calvin: Isa 64:1 - O that thou wouldest rend the heavens! // That thou wouldest come down // Let the mountains flow down 1.O that thou wouldest rend the heavens! The particle לוא ( lu) appears to me, in this passage, to denote a wish; for, although it has many sign...
1.O that thou wouldest rend the heavens! The particle
God is said to “rend the heavens,” when he unexpectedly gives some uncommon and striking proof of his power; and the reason of this mode of expression is, not only that men, when they are hard pressed, commonly look up to heaven, from which they expect assistance, but that miracles, by interrupting the order of nature, open up for themselves an unusual path. Now, when God renders no assistance, he appears to be shut up in heaven, and to disregard what is taking place on earth. For this reason he is said to open and “rend the heavens,” when he holds out to us some testimony of his presence; because otherwise we think that he is at a great distance from us.
That thou wouldest come down. This expression, like the former, is adapted to the estimation of our flesh; for God does not need to move from one place to another, but accommodates himself to us, that we may understand those subjects better. 185 (Gen 11:5.)
Let the mountains flow down That is,
“Let thy majesty be openly displayed, and let the elements, struck by the perception of it, yield and obey.” (Psa 18:11.)
This will appear more plainly from what immediately follows.
Calvin: Isa 64:2 - As by the burning of a melting fire, 2.As by the burning of a melting fire, 186 the fire hath made the water to boil. All this might be read either in the future or in the subjunctive; a...
2.As by the burning of a melting fire, 186 the fire hath made the water to boil. All this might be read either in the future or in the subjunctive; as if he had said, “O Lord, if thou camest down, the nations would tremble at thy presence; thine enemies would instantly be melted away.” But I think that the translation which I have given is more simple; for it is very certain that the Prophet here alludes to Mount Sinai, where the Lord openly revealed himself to the people. Hence we see also the gross absurdity of the division of this chapter; 187 since those events are related in support of that prayer which ought rather to have been placed at the beginning of the chapter. 188
We have formerly seen that the prophets, when they relate that God assisted his people, bring forward an instance in the history of redemption. 189 Whenever therefore the prophets mention this history, they include all the benefits that were ever bestowed by God on his people; not only when he delivered them from the tyranny of Pharaoh, when he appeared to them in Mount Sinai, but also when, during forty years, he supplied them with all that was necessary in the wilderness, when he drove out their enemies, and led them into the possession of the land of Canaan. In a word, they include all the testimonies by which he formerly proved himself to be gracious to his people and formidable to his enemies.
He says that “the melting fire made the waters boil,” because, contrary to custom, fire and lightning were mingled with violent showers; as if he had said that the fire of God melted the hardest bodies, and that the waters were consumed by its heat. To the same purpose is what he adds, that “the mountains flowed at his presence;” for he opened up a passage for his people through the most dreadful obstacles.
Calvin: Isa 64:3 - Terrible things which we did not look for 3.Terrible things which we did not look for He says that the Israelites saw what they did not at all expect; for, although God had forewarned them, a...
3.Terrible things which we did not look for He says that the Israelites saw what they did not at all expect; for, although God had forewarned them, and had given them experience of his power in many ways, yet that alarming spectacle of which he speaks goes far beyond our senses and the capacity of the human mind.
Calvin: Isa 64:4 - From of old they have not heard // Eye hath not seen a God besides thee 4.From of old they have not heard This verse confirms what has been already said, that believers do not here ask anything strange or uncommon, but on...
4.From of old they have not heard This verse confirms what has been already said, that believers do not here ask anything strange or uncommon, but only that God may shew himself to be to them what he formerly shewed himself to be to the fathers, and that he may continue to exercise his kindness, and that, since he has been wont to assist his people, and to give them undoubted tokens of his presence, he may not cease in future to cause his strength and power to shine forth more and more brightly. He represents believers as praying to God in such a manner that they strengthen themselves by the remembrance of the past, and betake themselves; with greater courage to God’s assistance.
Eye hath not seen a God besides thee The Prophet’s design unquestionably is, to celebrate God’s immense goodness, by relating the numerous benefits which he bestowed upon his people in ancient times; and this kind of praise is highly magnificent, when, rising to rapturous admiration, of them, he exclaims that there is no God besides him, and that those things which the Lord has carried into effect for the sake of his people are unheard-of and uncommon. But there are two ways in which these words may be read, for
Paul appears to explain this passage differently, and to torture it to a different purpose, and even quotes it in different words, that is, because he followed the Greek version. (1Co 2:9.) In this respect the Apostles were not squeamish; for they paid more attention to the matter than to the words, and reckoned it enough to draw the attention of the reader to a passage of Scripture, from which might be obtained what they taught. As to the addition which Paul appears to have made of his own accord, “Nor hath entered into the heart of man what God hath prepared for them that love him,” he did so for the purpose of explanation; for he added nothing that does not fully agree with the Prophet’s doctrine.
That we may understand better how thoroughly he agrees with the Prophet, we must understand his design. In that passage he treats of the doctrine of the Gospel, which he demonstrates to surpass the capacity of the human understanding; for it contains knowledge that is widely different and far removed from the perception of our flesh, and, in short, is “hidden wisdom,” so that Paul is justly led to view it with astonishment. And as the Prophet, when he takes into consideration the wonderful acts of God’s kindness, exclaims, like one who is lost in amazement, that nothing like this was ever heard of; so, in the most excellent of all benefits, namely, that in which Christ is offered to us by the Gospel, we may exclaim in the same manner, “O Lord, what thou bestowest on thy people exceeds all the capacity of the human mind: no eye, no ear, no senses, no mind can reach such loftiness.” Thus Paul applies this passage admirably to his reasoning, and does not make an improper use of the statement made by the Prophet when he elevates above the world that peculiar grace which God bestows on his Church.
There remains but one difficulty, namely, that Paul applies to spiritual blessings what the Prophet here says about blessings of a temporal nature. But we may say that Isaiah here looks merely at the cause of God’s benefits, though he has in his eye the condition of the present life; for all the benefits that we receive from God, for the sake of food and nourishment, are proofs of his fatherly kindness toward us; and it is the peculiar excellence of faith, to rise from visible favors to those which are invisible. Although therefore the Prophet appears to speak of external deliverance and other benefits of this life, yet he rises higher, and looks chiefly at those things which belonged especially to the people of God. What stupidity would it be, if, while we enjoy God’s benefits, we did not consider the fountain itself, that is, his fatherly kindness! Ordinary favors are enjoyed indiscriminately by the good and the bad; but that favor with which he embraces us belongs especially to citizens. The consequence is, that we do not merely observe those things which fall under the senses of men, but contemplate the cause itself. Although therefore neither eyes nor ears reach so far as to comprehend the grace of adoption, by which the Lord testifies that he is our Father, yet he reveals it by the testimony of his Spirit.
It is even probable that the Prophet, when he spoke of a particular instance of God’s kindness, was elevated, by means of it, to a general reflection; for, in considering God’s works, it was frequent and customary for good men to pass from a single instance to the whole class. In that way might this single but remarkable instance of the divine goodness raise the mind of the Prophet to so high a pitch as to meditate on that infinite abundance of blessings which is laid up for believers in heaven. We even see clearly that this commendation includes the gracious covenant by which God adopted the children of Abraham into the hope of eternal life. (Gen 17:7.) What has been said amounts to this: “Seeing that the goodness and power of God are so great, we have no reason to distrust him; but we ought to place our confidence in him, so as to hope that he will assuredly assist us.” And such is the design of those excellent benefits which are here mentioned by the Prophet.
Calvin: Isa 64:5 - Thou hast met // In thy ways they remembered thee // And we have sinned // In them is perpetuity // And we shall be saved, 5.Thou hast met He proceeds with the same subject; for the people deplore their hard lot, that they feel no alleviation in their adversity, although ...
5.Thou hast met He proceeds with the same subject; for the people deplore their hard lot, that they feel no alleviation in their adversity, although formerly God was wont to stretch out the hand to the fathers. Believers, therefore, speak in this manner: “Thou wast wont to meet our fathers; now thy face is turned away from us; and thou appearest to be irreconcilable:, because we gain nothing by calling on thee. Whence comes this diversity, as if thy nature had been changed, and thou wert now different from what thou hast been?” They next add, and make an acknowledgment, that they are punished justly, because “they have sinned.” I have formerly stated that nothing is better in adversity than to remember God’s benefits, and not only those which we have ourselves experienced, but likewise those which are related in Scripture; for we cannot be armed by a stronger shield against temptations of every kind.
This verse, in my opinion, is inaccurately explained by those who think that we ought to read those words as closely connected, Him that rejoiceth and doeth righteousness, as if he had said, “Thou hast met them that willingly serve thee, and whose highest pleasure is to do what is right.” I think that rejoicing denotes here those who were glad in prosperity; for at that time the people were in sadness and mourning. There is an implied contrast. “Formerly thou wast wont to meet the fathers, before they were distressed by any affliction, and to cheer them by thy approach; now thou art far distant, and permittest us to languish in mourning and grief.”
In thy ways they remembered thee In accordance with what he has now said, he adds that they “remembered God,” because they enjoyed his present grace, and felt that he was the author and director of their salvation; and so by “the ways of God,” he means prosperity; either that in this way he was near to them, when he treated them softly and gently as his children, or because God is by nature inclined to acts of kindness. But since he said that God was wont to “meet him that doeth righteousness,” the “remembrance” may relate to the practice of piety, that is, that they devoted themselves earnestly to the worship of God; and so it will be an explanation of the former clause, for the prophets frequently confirm by a variety of expressions what they have formerly said. To “remember” God, is to be captivated by the pleasant remembrance of him, so that we shall desire nothing more, and to place all our happiness in him. There is nothing that delights us more than the remembrance of the mercy of God; and, on the other hand, if we feel that God is angry, the mention of him fills us with alarm.
And we have sinned The reason is assigned; for, when they find that God is so unlike what he formerly was, they do not murmur against him, but throw all the blame on themselves. Let us learn from this, that we ought never to think of the chastisements which the Lord inflicts, without at the same time calling to mind our sins, that we may confess that we are justly punished, and may acknowledge our guilt.
In them is perpetuity In this passage
And we shall be saved, or, we have been saved We have not yet got at the whole of the Prophet’s statement; for he says that the people “are saved,” although they had been led into captivity, as into a grave, and deplored their calamity. On that account I consider the preterite to be put for the future, for it is rather a wish or a prayer than an affirmation. Nor do the saints boast that they have obtained salvation, but, deploring their misery, they betake themselves to God’s everlasting mercy; and consequently, they praise that which they wish, and not that which they have already obtained.
Calvin: Isa 64:6 - We have all been as the unclean // And we all fade as a leaf 6.We have all been as the unclean The believers go on in their complaint; for they deplore their condition, because God appears to take no account of...
6.We have all been as the unclean The believers go on in their complaint; for they deplore their condition, because God appears to take no account of them. Hebrew writers are not agreed as to the meaning of the words
There are some who frequently quote this passage, in order to prove that so far are our works from having any merit in them, that they are rotten and loathsome in the sight of God. But this appears to me to be at variance with the Prophet’s meaning, who does not speak of the whole human race, but describes the complaint of those who, having been led into captivity, experienced the wrath of the Lord against them, and therefore, acknowledged that they and their righteousnesses were like a filthy garment. And first, he exhorts them to a confession of their sin, that they may acknowledge their guilt; and next, that they should nevertheless ask pardon from God, the manner of obtaining which is, that, while we complain that we are wretched and distressed, we at the same time acknowledge that we are justly punished for our sins.
And we all fade as a leaf This is a very beautiful comparison, which shews that men utterly fade and decay when they feel that God is angry with them; as is admirably described in Psa 90:6 191 Justly, therefore, are we compared to leaves; for “our iniquities, like the wind, carry us away.”
Calvin: Isa 64:7 - There is none that calleth on thy name // Or that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee // Thou hast made us to languish 7.There is none that calleth on thy name He confirms what was formerly said; for he exhorts believers, even though God’s punishment of them appears...
7.There is none that calleth on thy name He confirms what was formerly said; for he exhorts believers, even though God’s punishment of them appears to be severe, still to believe that they deserve such a punishment. Heinous sins are mentioned by him; and though it would be tedious to go over all of them in detail, he points out the fountain itself, and says that the worship of God is neglected. Under the word “calleth on,” he includes, as is customary in Scripture, the whole worship of God; for the most important part of God’s worship is to “call upon” him, and to testify our confidence in him. Prayers and supplications, undoubtedly, were always practiced among them; but, because the heart was far removed, he reckons all pretended ceremonies as of no value.
Or that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee. He now explains more clearly the former clause, by saying that no one earnestly applies his mind, or gives his endeavor to seek God, but that all are consumed and wasted away through their own slothfulness. And first, he shews that nothing is more desirable than to be perfectly joined to God; for, when we are alienated from him, everything must go ill with us. We are indolent and sluggish by nature; and therefore we need to have spurs applied to us. Seeing that by nature we indulge our slothfulness, we must listen to the advice of the Prophet so as not to become utterly stupid; for, otherwise he in his turn will reject us, or contemptuously drive us away. The Prophet describes the miserable condition of the people, in which there was no desire to seek God, and no means were used to stir up the heart to godliness.
Thou hast made us to languish They again complain that they are overwhelmed by the severity of distress, and obtain from God no alleviation; for Isaiah asserts these things in the name of the whole people, and prays to God not to permit them any longer to languish amidst so great miseries.
Calvin: Isa 64:8 - And now, O Jehovah // We are the clay, and thou our potter // We all are the work of thy hands 8.And now, O Jehovah After having complained of their miseries, by which they were almost overwhelmed, they now more openly ask pardon from God and a...
8.And now, O Jehovah After having complained of their miseries, by which they were almost overwhelmed, they now more openly ask pardon from God and a mitigation of their distresses, and with greater boldness plead with God that still they are his children. Adoption alone could encourage them to cherish favorable hopes, that they might not cease to rely on their Father, though overwhelmed by the load of afflictions. And this order should be carefully observed; for, in order that we may be truly humbled in our hearts, we need to be cast down, and laid low, and almost crushed. But when despair seizes us, we must lay hold on this altar of consolation, that, “since God has been pleased to elect us to be his children, we ought to expect salvation from him, even when matters are at the worst.” Thus, with a view to the gracious covenant, the Israelites affirm that they are the children of God, in order that they may experience his fatherly kindness, and that his promise may not be made void.
We are the clay, and thou our potter. By means of a comparison they magnify the grace of God, and acknowledge that they were formed of despicable clay; for they do not seek the ground of superiority in themselves, but in their origin celebrate the mercy of God, who out of mean and filthy clay determined to create children to himself.
We all are the work of thy hands. Of the same import as the former is this second clause, in which God is called the Creator, and his people are called the work of his hands; because to God alone they ascribe all that they are and all that they have. This is true gratitude; for, so long as men advance the smallest claim to anything as their own, God is defrauded of his right. Now, Isaiah speaks not of the ordinary creation of men, but of regeneration, on account of which believers are especially called “the work of God;” as we have frequently stated in the exposition of other passages: 192 Here they acknowledge a remarkable act of God’s kindness, in having elected them to be his people, and adorned them with benefits so numerous and so great.
Calvin: Isa 64:9 - Be not angry, O Jehovah, beyond measure // Neither remember iniquity for ever // We all are thy people 9.Be not angry, O Jehovah, beyond measure 193 The people pray that the severity of punishment and the fierceness of the wrath of God may be abated; n...
9.Be not angry, O Jehovah, beyond measure 193 The people pray that the severity of punishment and the fierceness of the wrath of God may be abated; not that God goes beyond measure, but because they would be altogether overwhelmed, if he should choose to act toward them with the utmost strictness of justice. They therefore ask a mitigation of punishment; as Jeremiah also says, “Chasten me, O Lord, but in judgment,” (Jer 10:24,) that is, moderately; for he draws a contrast between “judgment” and “wrath;” as it is elsewhere said that God chastises us “by the hand of man,” (2Sa 7:14,) because he does not put forth the power of his hand to punish us, lest we should be utterly destroyed.
Neither remember iniquity for ever It deserves notice that they do not absolutely shrink from the judgment of God, or pray that they may wholly escape from it, but present themselves to be corrected, so as not to faint under the strokes. And this is the reason why they desire to have the remembrance of their iniquities blotted out; for, if God do not mercifully pardon them, there will be no end of the chastisements.
We all are thy people The Prophet repeats what he said a little before, that God elected the family of Abraham; because the best ground for the confident expectation of obtaining pardon was, that God, who is true to his promises, cannot east away those whom he had once elected. By employing the word all, he does not speak of each individual, as I formerly remarked, but includes the whole body of the Church. Although the greater part had withdrawn through wicked revolt, yet still it was true that the Jews were God’s peculiar people; and this prayer was offered, not for every one of them without distinction, but only for the children of God who were still left. 194 The people do not plead their own merits before God, but betake themselves to the covenant of free grace, by which they had been adopted. This is the sure and only refuge of believers, this is the remedy for all evils; and that is the reason why Moses and the other prophets repeat it so frequently. (Exo 32:13.)
Calvin: Isa 64:10 - The cities of thy holiness 10.The cities of thy holiness The Church again recounts her miseries, that she may move God to mercy and obtain pardon. She says that the cities have...
10.The cities of thy holiness The Church again recounts her miseries, that she may move God to mercy and obtain pardon. She says that the cities have been reduced to “a wilderness;” and, for the sake of amplification, adds that “Zion is a desert;” because it was the royal residence, in which God wished that men should call upon him. She adds also Jerusalem, in which Zion was; for it appeared to be shameful that a city, which God had consecrated to himself, should be ruined and destroyed by enemies.
She calls them “cities of holiness,” because, as the Lord had sanctified a people, so he also wished that the cities, and even the whole country, should be consecrated to himself. Seeing, therefore, that the cities were dedicated to God, they are justly called “cities of his holiness;” for in them God reigned, and men called upon him. In the same manner we may at the present day give the appellation of “cities of God’s holiness” to those which, laying aside superstitions, worship him in a sincere and right manner.
Calvin: Isa 64:11 - The house of our sanctuary and of our glory 11.The house of our sanctuary and of our glory 195 It is called “the sanctuary of the people” in a different sense from that in which it is calle...
11.The house of our sanctuary and of our glory 195 It is called “the sanctuary of the people” in a different sense from that in which it is called “the sanctuary of God;” for, being the testimony of a sacred union between God and the people, it is often called “God’s holy house;” that is, because it corresponds to his holiness. But now, in a passive sense, believers call it “their sanctuary,” because from it they must seek their sanctification.
This is more plainly confirmed by the words, “of our glory.” They acknowledge that they have nothing in which they ought to glory, except the temple, in which God wished to be adored and worshipped. And yet we see that this glorying was often without foundation, and for that reason was reproved by Jeremiah,
“Trust not in words of falsehood, saying, The temple of the Lord, The temple of the Lord, The temple of the Lord, are we.” (Jer 7:4.)
But while the glorying of those who were proud and insolent on account of empty titles was without foundation, yet true and well-grounded was the glorying of those who embraced with the heart the Lord’s ordinance, and, relying on the testimony of his word, knew that they dwelt under the shadow of him who had reared for himself a constant dwelling-place in the midst of them; for the temple was built by the command of the Lord, so that the Jews might justly glory in having God for the protector of their salvation.
In which our fathers praised thee. Because the worship of God was at that time corrupted and adulterated, and almost all had revolted to superstition and ungodliness, for this reason he mentions not the present but the former age. As if he had said, “Though we have not rendered to thee such worship as we ought to have rendered, yet this is the temple in which our fathers worshipped thee in purity; wilt thou permit it to be profaned and destroyed? Will not this disgrace recoil on thyself, since it relates to the worship of thy name?” Here the Jews say nothing about their life, and bring forward no excuses, and rather confess their guilt, but offer their worship to God, that he may be mindful of his covenant, and not allow his promises to be made void. This example ought to be imitated by all believers. The word “praise” denotes thanksgiving; as if he had said, “In that temple, the melancholy ruins of which draw forth mourning and tears from all believers, the praises of God at one time resounded, when he treated his people with kindness and gentleness. 196
Calvin: Isa 64:12 - Wilt thou restrain thyself for these things, O Jehovah? // And wilt thou afflict us beyond measure? 12.Wilt thou restrain thyself for these things, O Jehovah? The people strengthen themselves by assured confidence, that God will not permit his glory...
12.Wilt thou restrain thyself for these things, O Jehovah? The people strengthen themselves by assured confidence, that God will not permit his glory to be trampled under foot, though men provoke him by innumerable transgressions. This can yield no consolation of any kind to hypocrites, but relates solely to those who are moved by a true sense of the mercy of God. Such persons believe and are fully persuaded, though death threaten them, that God will nevertheless have regard to his own glow, and will at least be gracious to the remnant, that the seed may not perish.
And wilt thou afflict us beyond measure? 197 He shews that it is impossible for God not to be mindful of his mercy; for “he cannot deny himself.” (2Ti 2:13.) But our salvation is connected with his glory. This ought to be carefully observed; for, after having spoken of the glory of God, he adds, “Thou wilt not afflict us beyond measure.” The Lord will therefore restrain his chastisements; for his glory, which he cannot disregard, is deeply involved in our deliverance from death. To this prayer, therefore, let us betake ourselves whenever we are attacked by our enemies; not in the manner of hypocrites, (who haughtily boast of the glory of God, of which they have no experience whatever,) but with repentance and faith, that we may actually obtain the fruit of that glory.
Defender: Isa 64:4 - the beginning of the world From "the beginning of the world" there have been men on earth, but they have not understood God's great plan for them. This verse is cited and applie...
From "the beginning of the world" there have been men on earth, but they have not understood God's great plan for them. This verse is cited and applied by Paul in 1Co 2:9, where he indicates that some of this, at least, has been revealed by the Holy Spirit to those who love Him."
Defender: Isa 64:6 - filthy rags There is no salvation for one trusting in his own acts of righteousness to commend him to God, for such acts without repentant faith in Christ's death...
There is no salvation for one trusting in his own acts of righteousness to commend him to God, for such acts without repentant faith in Christ's death for our sins are like (literally) "menstrous cloths" in the sight of a holy God. "Not by works of righteousness" are we saved, but only by "His mercy" (Tit 3:5)."
TSK: Isa 64:1 - Oh that // that thou wouldest come // that the Oh that : Psa 18:7-15, Psa 144:5, Psa 144:6; Mar 1:10 *marg.
that thou wouldest come : Isa 63:15; Exo 3:8, Exo 19:11, Exo 19:18, Exo 19:19; Mic 1:3, M...
TSK: Isa 64:2 - melting fire // to make // that the nations melting fire : Heb. fire of meltings
to make : Isa 37:20, Isa 63:12; Exo 14:4; 1Sa 17:46, 1Sa 17:47; 1Ki 8:41-43; Psa 46:10, Psa 67:1, Psa 67:2; Psa 7...
melting fire : Heb. fire of meltings
to make : Isa 37:20, Isa 63:12; Exo 14:4; 1Sa 17:46, 1Sa 17:47; 1Ki 8:41-43; Psa 46:10, Psa 67:1, Psa 67:2; Psa 79:10, Psa 83:13, Psa 98:1, Psa 98:2, Psa 102:15, Psa 102:16, Psa 106:8; Eze 38:22, Eze 38:23, Eze 39:27, Eze 39:28; Dan 4:1-3, Dan 4:32-37, Dan 6:25-27; Joe 3:16, Joe 3:17
that the nations : Exo 15:14-16; Deu 2:25; Psa 9:20, Psa 48:4-6, Psa 99:1; Jer 5:22, Jer 33:9; Mic 7:15-17; Rev 11:11-13
TSK: Isa 64:3 - thou didst // the mountains thou didst : Exo 34:10; Deu 4:34, Deu 10:21; Jdg 5:4, Jdg 5:5; 2Sa 7:23; Psa 65:6, Psa 66:3, Psa 66:5, Psa 68:8; Psa 76:12, Psa 105:27-36, Psa 106:22
...
TSK: Isa 64:4 - have not // seen // waiteth have not : Psa 31:19; 1Co 2:9, 1Co 2:10; Eph 3:5-10,Eph 3:17-21; Col 1:26, Col 1:27; 1Ti 3:16; 1Jo 3:1, 1Jo 3:2, 1Jo 4:10; Rev 21:1-4, Rev 21:22-24, R...
have not : Psa 31:19; 1Co 2:9, 1Co 2:10; Eph 3:5-10,Eph 3:17-21; Col 1:26, Col 1:27; 1Ti 3:16; 1Jo 3:1, 1Jo 3:2, 1Jo 4:10; Rev 21:1-4, Rev 21:22-24, Rev 22:1-5
seen : etc. or, seen a God besides thee, which doeth so for, etc. prepared. Psa 31:19; Mat 25:34; Joh 14:3; Heb 11:16
waiteth : Isa 25:9; Gen 49:18; Psa 62:1, Psa 130:5; Lam 3:25, Lam 3:26; Luk 2:25; Rom 8:19, Rom 8:23-25; 1Co 1:7; 1Th 1:10; Jam 5:7
TSK: Isa 64:5 - meetest // rejoiceth // those that // thou art wroth // in those meetest : Exo 20:24, Exo 25:22, Exo 29:42, Exo 29:43, Exo 30:6; Heb 4:16
rejoiceth : Psa 25:10, Psa 37:4, Psa 112:1; Act 10:2-4, Act 10:35; Phi 3:13-1...
meetest : Exo 20:24, Exo 25:22, Exo 29:42, Exo 29:43, Exo 30:6; Heb 4:16
rejoiceth : Psa 25:10, Psa 37:4, Psa 112:1; Act 10:2-4, Act 10:35; Phi 3:13-15
those that : Isa 26:8, Isa 26:9, Isa 56:1-7
thou art wroth : Isa 63:10; Psa 90:7-9
in those : Psa 103:17; Jer 31:18-20; Hos 6:3, Hos 11:8; Mal 3:6
TSK: Isa 64:6 - are all // all our // we all // our iniquities are all : Isa 6:5, Isa 53:6; Job 14:4, Job 15:14-16, Job 25:4, Job 40:4, Job 42:5, Job 42:6; Psa 51:5; Rom 7:18, Rom 7:24; Eph 2:1, Eph 2:2; Tit 3:3
a...
are all : Isa 6:5, Isa 53:6; Job 14:4, Job 15:14-16, Job 25:4, Job 40:4, Job 42:5, Job 42:6; Psa 51:5; Rom 7:18, Rom 7:24; Eph 2:1, Eph 2:2; Tit 3:3
all our : Isa 57:12; Zec 3:3; Phi 3:9; Rev 3:17, Rev 3:18, Rev 7:13
we all : Isa 40:6-8; Psa 90:5, Psa 90:6; Jam 1:10,Jam 1:11; 1Pe 1:24, 1Pe 1:25
our iniquities : Isa 57:13; Psa 1:4; Jer 4:11, Jer 4:12; Hos 4:19; Zec 5:8-11
TSK: Isa 64:7 - there is // to take // hast hid // consumed // because there is : Isa 50:2, Isa 59:16; Psa 14:4; Eze 22:30; Hos 7:7, Hos 7:14
to take : Isa 27:5, Isa 56:4
hast hid : Isa 57:17, Isa 59:2; Deu 31:17, Deu 32:...
TSK: Isa 64:8 - thou art // are the clay // all are thou art : Isa 63:16; Exo 4:22; Deu 32:6; Gal 3:26, Gal 3:29
are the clay : Isa 29:16, Isa 45:9; Jer 18:2-6; Rom 9:20-24
all are : Isa 43:7, Isa 44:21...
TSK: Isa 64:9 - wroth // remember // we are wroth : Psa 6:1, Psa 38:1, Psa 74:1, Psa 74:2, Psa 79:5-9; Jer 10:24; Hab 3:2
remember : Jer 3:12; Lam 5:20; Mic 7:18-20; Mal 1:4; 2Pe 2:17; Rev 20:10...
TSK: Isa 64:10 - -- Isa 1:7; 2Ki 25:9; 2Ch 36:19-21; Psa 79:1-7; Lam 1:1-4, Lam 2:4-8, Lam 5:18; Dan 9:26, Dan 9:27, Dan 12:7; Mic 3:12; Luk 21:21, Luk 21:24; Rev 11:1, R...
TSK: Isa 64:11 - holy // where // all our holy : 2Ki 25:9; 2Ch 36:19; Psa 74:5-7; Jer 52:13; Lam 2:7; Eze 7:20,Eze 7:21; Eze 24:21, Eze 24:25; Mat 24:2
where : 1Ki 8:14, 1Ki 8:56; 2Ch 6:4, 2Ch...
kecilkan semuaTafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)
Poole: Isa 64:1 - Oh that thou wouldest rend the heavens // That the mountains might flow down Oh that thou wouldest rend the heavens: either the earnest desire of the prophet, or the Jews’ strong wish, for the coming of the Messias: or ...
Oh that thou wouldest rend the heavens: either the earnest desire of the prophet, or the Jews’ strong wish, for the coming of the Messias: or rather, their cry to God for vengeance upon their adversaries, on consideration of the enemy’ s unmerciful dealing with them, and their insolent and opprobrious usage of God in his temple; partly expressing their haste and earnestness, and partly intimating that God would do it with violence and fury , implied in the word rending them, Psa 18:6,7 , &c., spoken after the manner of man, who, if he were shut up, must have room made for his coming forth. This God is said to do, when he puts forth some signal manifestation of his power, Psa 144:5 ; a metaphor taken from men, that when they would resolutely and effectually help one in distress, break and fling open doors, and whatever may hinder coming to their relief.
That the mountains might flow down or melt , Psa 68:1,2 97:5 Mic 1:3,4 ; that all impediments might be removed out of the way: possibly an allusion to God’ s coming down upon Mount Sinai in those terrible flames of fire, Jud 5:4,5 .
Poole: Isa 64:2 - As when the melting fire burneth // Thy name known // The nations As when the melting fire burneth come with such zeal for thy people, that the solid mountains may be no more before thy breath than metal that runs, ...
As when the melting fire burneth come with such zeal for thy people, that the solid mountains may be no more before thy breath than metal that runs, or water that boils by the force of a vehement fire; and thus, for the most part, when God will take vengeance of his enemies, the Scripture expresseth him coming with fire.
Thy name known thy power known, that thine enemies and persecutors of try church may know thy power, and that thy name may be dreaded among them; his name put for his power, Psa 106:8 .
The nations not the Babylonians only, but the nations round about.
Poole: Isa 64:3 - When thou didst terrible things // Which we looked not for // The mountains flowed down When thou didst terrible things: this may relate to what he did among the Egyptians, though it be not recorded, and afterward in the wilderness.
Whi...
When thou didst terrible things: this may relate to what he did among the Egyptians, though it be not recorded, and afterward in the wilderness.
Which we looked not for viz. our forefathers, of whose race we are; before we expected them; or such things as we could never expect.
The mountains flowed down: q.d. Seeing thou hast made the mountains thus to melt, thou canst do the same again. This may allude either,
1. To those showers of rain that fell with that terrible thunder and lightning, and so ran violently down those mountains, and the adjacent, as is usual in such tempests. Or rather,
2. The running along of the fire upon the ground, Exo 9:23,24 . It is possible it may allude to those mountains that do cast forth sulphurous matter, running down into the valleys and sea, like melted streams of fire. And kings, princes, and potentates may also metaphorically be understood by these mountains.
Poole: Isa 64:4 - Besides thee // besides thee // That waiteth for him Whereas there are but three ways whereby men ordinarily come to the knowledge of a thing, viz. by the ear, either our own hearing, or by hearsay; an...
Whereas there are but three ways whereby men ordinarily come to the knowledge of a thing, viz. by the ear, either our own hearing, or by hearsay; and by the eye; and by reason, which the apostle adds, where he makes use of this text, 1Co 2:9 ; two of them are mentioned here.
Besides thee with reference either to the gods that do them. never any other god could do like time; or to things done, never any
besides thee could do such things as were never seen or heard of. He refers to those terrible things mentioned in the former verse. It seems to be clear by comparing this with Deu 4:31-35 . Not to be restrained to these, but to be applied to all the wonderful works that God at all times wrought for his people. And thus they are a plea with God, that they might well expect such things from him now, that had done such wonderful things for their fathers of old.
That waiteth for him the apostle hath it, that love him, 1Co 2:9 , to show that none can wait on him that love him not; so all that love him will wait on him. This may be taken with reference both to the state of grace and glory, those incomprehensible things that are exhibited through Christ in the mysteries of the gospel, as well as the good things of this present life, which the prophet may here literally aim at; it being not unusual for the prophets.in mentioning these temporal things to point at spiritual, especially being things that do so well suit with each other.
Poole: Isa 64:5 - Thou meetest him // That remember thee in thy ways // Thou art wroth; for we have sinned // In those is continuance // We shall be saved Thou meetest him or, wast wont to meet him; or, thou preventest him, Isa 65:24 Psa 21:2,3 , as the father the prodigal. That rejoiceth and worketh...
Thou meetest him or, wast wont to meet him; or, thou preventest him, Isa 65:24 Psa 21:2,3 , as the father the prodigal. That rejoiceth and worketh righteousness , viz. that rejoice to work righteousness; the same thing expressed by two words, by a figure called hendiadis.
That remember thee in thy ways an amplification of the former words: q.d. To walk in thy ways, whether of providence, precept, or counsel, by virtue of the covenant they have with thee.
Thou art wroth; for we have sinned: or, greatly angry; for or because we have sinned, and provoked thee to wrath thereby, 1Ki 8:46 .
In those is continuance i.e. to those that work righteousness; in for to.
We shall be saved viz. in so doing, in working righteousness. Or, as some, by way of interrogation; in those , i.e. in our sins, is continuance, and shall we be saved? Or, in those, viz. works of righteousness, in keeping in them, is our continuance and means to be saved. Or, thou continuest to show mercy, and or therefore we shall be saved. The meaning of the place is to comfort the godly, that though they may have provoked God by their sins, yet, looking upon the ways of God’ s former proceedings, (in which he still continues, being unchangeable,) they may find hopes of salvation; and this is that which is amplified in the three following verses.
Poole: Isa 64:6 - We are all as an unclean thing // Our righteousnesses // As filthy rags // As a leaf // Taken us away We are all as an unclean thing: he alludes either to things unclean under the ceremonial law, wherein the leprosy was found, and was to be burnt, Lev...
We are all as an unclean thing: he alludes either to things unclean under the ceremonial law, wherein the leprosy was found, and was to be burnt, Lev 13:55 ; or rather to persons unclean. They compare their present state with the former: q.d. Formerly there were some that feared thee, and walked uprightly before thee, and were in thy favour; but now we are all as one polluted mass, nothing of good left in us, by reason of a universal degeneracy, Isa 1:4,6 .
Our righteousnesses: this, according to the most commentators, refers either to the observances of the rites and ceremonies of the law, wherein they thought their righteousnesses did much consist; or to the best work and actions that can be performed by us; or to our natural, universal depravities: but the best interpreters, and such aim at the peculiar sense of the place, refer it to the gross provocations that this people were guilty of, causing God to cast them out of their habitations; or else to their persons, i.e. the most righteous among us; and being plural, it raiseth it up to the highest degree, the Scripture frequently putting the abstract for the concrete, as wisdoms for the greatest wisdom , Pro 9:1 , and many the like instances formerly given; so that the meaning is, the very best of us all are no better than the uncleanest things or persons; see Mic 7:2-4 ; and the rather, because he lived about the time of Isaiah.
As filthy rags a cloth made up of patches, or such as come from a putrid sore, or defiled with the menstruous blood of a woman; the LXX., as a rag of one that sits down , possibly alluding to Rachel, Gen 31:34,35 , or whatever may be most filthy.
As a leaf blown off the tree, and so withers.
Taken us away carried us away to Babylon from our habitations, as leaves hurried away by a boisterous wind; our iniquities have been the procuring cause.
Poole: Isa 64:7 - And there is none // That calleth // To take hold of thee // For // Consumed us // Because of our iniquities And there is none or, yet there is none, i.e. few, Psa 14:3 ; they are not to be discerned among the multitude.
That calleth such as call upon thee...
And there is none or, yet there is none, i.e. few, Psa 14:3 ; they are not to be discerned among the multitude.
That calleth such as call upon thee as they ought, as Jacob, and Moses, and David, &c. did, which often prevents the ruin of a state or kingdom: it points out the universal apostacy of the last times of the Jewish state, for which they were cut off.
To take hold of thee either to stay thee from departing from us; see Luk 24:28,29 ; or to fetch thee back, when departed, Jer 12:7 ; or it is an allegorical allusion to one struck down and still smitten, but never stirs to lay hold on the arm that smites him, Isa 27:5 ; it notes their great slothfulness and carelessness, and some refer it to their lukewarmness and dead-heartedness, relying upon their privileges before they went into captivity, and so a great presage of their approaching judgments.
For or when ; so the particle is used Job 5:21 Psa 75:2 .
Consumed us or, melted us ; our sins have kindled such a fire of thy wrath, that we are melted with it.
Because of our iniquities Heb. in the hands of our iniquities, i.e. either, in the place of our iniquities, the land wherein they were committed; or, into the hands of our iniquities, to be punished by them, and as it were consumed, or melted down, or our strength exhausted by them, as wax before the fire, Lev 26:39 Eze 33:10 ; or, as we translate it, our iniquities being the procuring cause of it.
Poole: Isa 64:8 - But now, O Lord, thou art our Father // We are the clay // We all are the work of thy hand But now, O Lord, thou art our Father an argument or pathetical plea for pity; or, Notwithstanding all this, thou art our Father, both by creation and...
But now, O Lord, thou art our Father an argument or pathetical plea for pity; or, Notwithstanding all this, thou art our Father, both by creation and by adoption, therefore pity us thy children.
We are the clay a metonymy of the matter, clay for the vessels made of clay; or, we are clay, pointing at our original matter; or it may relate to their state, that God framed them in a body civil and ecclesiastical, out of a confused multitude; they plead at the same time their own frailty, why they would be pitied; and God’ s covenant interest in them, why he should pity them.
We all are the work of thy hand another argument of the same nature with the former, Psa 138:8 , not only as men, but as a body of men made thy peculiar.
Poole: Isa 64:9 - Be not wroth very sore, O Lord, neither remember iniquity for ever // We are all thy people Be not wroth very sore, O Lord, neither remember iniquity for ever viz. Thou hast been angry with us a long time, be not so for ever; but deal with u...
Be not wroth very sore, O Lord, neither remember iniquity for ever viz. Thou hast been angry with us a long time, be not so for ever; but deal with us as may best consist with a father’ s bowels. It hath reference both to quantity and time , that it might not be very great, nor of long durance. See on Psa 79:8 .
We are all thy people thy peculiar people, Isa 28:9 . Though we are very bad in ourselves, and very badly handled by our enemies, thou sufferest in our sufferings, for thou hast not people in covenant but us, and wilt thou not leave thyself a people in the world?
Poole: Isa 64:10 - Thy holy cities // A desolation Thy holy cities either Zion and Jerusalem, being the cities they instance in: q.d. Thy holy cities, viz. Zion and Jerusalem: or rather, other cities ...
Thy holy cities either Zion and Jerusalem, being the cities they instance in: q.d. Thy holy cities, viz. Zion and Jerusalem: or rather, other cities also in the land of Judea besides those two; called holy , either,
1. Because they were built upon God’ s inheritance, Isa 63:17 . Or,
2. Because they were inhabited by the Jews, who were a holy people, Deu 7:6 Dan 12:7 . Or,
3. Because God had his synagogues in them, Psa 74:8 . For all which reasons also they are called thy cities.
A desolation utterly waste; not only the ordinary cities, but even Jerusalem and Zion themselves; the one called the upper Jerusalem, or the city of David , because it was built upon Mount Zion; the other the lower city , because it lay under the hill of Zion in the valley: he particularizeth Zion and Jerusalem, though he had mentioned the other cities before, because the chiefest of the cities; it being usual, notwithstanding the mentioning of generals, in which all the particulars or individuals are included, to name the particular again; as, and from the hand of Saul, Psa 18:1 .
Poole: Isa 64:11 - Our holy and our beautiful house // Our fathers // All our pleasant things Our holy and our beautiful house the temple , Isa 60:7 : q.d. Not only our cities, and our principal cities, but even our temple , which we thought...
Our holy and our beautiful house the temple , Isa 60:7 : q.d. Not only our cities, and our principal cities, but even our temple , which we thought sacred and inviolable, in which we have gloried, because it was thine, and our fathers , and ours , the place where thy holy service was performed, and thy glory and presence was manifested.
Our fathers not presuming to mention themselves, they had been so every way abominable, but their fathers .
All our pleasant things the king’ s palace, and the houses of the nobles, and other places of state and magnificence, 2Ki 25:9 Lam 1:7,10 ; or, their synagogues ; or, those stately pieces about the temple.
Poole: Isa 64:12 - Wilt thou refrain thyself for these things // Wilt thou hold thy peace // And afflict us very sore Wilt thou refrain thyself for these things viz. that are done by the Babylonians? do none of these things move thee to take vengeance on them?
Wilt ...
Wilt thou refrain thyself for these things viz. that are done by the Babylonians? do none of these things move thee to take vengeance on them?
Wilt thou hold thy peace wilt thou be as one that regards not? Wilt thou be still, and suffer them?
And afflict us very sore: see Isa 64:9 : for these our sins, or for these our sufferings; shall we feel the smart of it, that have done no such things, but have been sufferers under the Babylonians? to which God answers in the next chapter.
Haydock: Isa 64:1 - Presence Presence, as at Sinai, Exodus xix. 16., and Judges v. 4. Judas [the Machabee] continues to pray. (Calmet) ---
The faithful sigh for Christ's comin...
Presence, as at Sinai, Exodus xix. 16., and Judges v. 4. Judas [the Machabee] continues to pray. (Calmet) ---
The faithful sigh for Christ's coming. (Haydock) ---
All good people desired it most fervently. (Worthington)
Haydock: Isa 64:2 - They // Burn They. Septuagint, "As wax melts before the fire, so also fire will burn the adversaries, and thy," &c. (Haydock) ---
Burn. Sparks of fire seem...
They. Septuagint, "As wax melts before the fire, so also fire will burn the adversaries, and thy," &c. (Haydock) ---
Burn. Sparks of fire seem to proceed from it.
Haydock: Isa 64:3 - Bear Bear. Exodus xx. 18. Hebrew, "expect." Judas [the Machabee] appeared victorious, when the nation was prostrate.
Bear. Exodus xx. 18. Hebrew, "expect." Judas [the Machabee] appeared victorious, when the nation was prostrate.
Haydock: Isa 64:4 - Thee Thee. Never was deliverance more unexpected or miraculous. St. Paul quotes this passage, to shew the wisdom manifested in the incarnation, 1 Corint...
Thee. Never was deliverance more unexpected or miraculous. St. Paul quotes this passage, to shew the wisdom manifested in the incarnation, 1 Corinthians ii. 9. It is commonly applied to the glory of heaven.
Haydock: Isa 64:5 - Thee // Sinned // Vau Thee. The little band of Judas was sincerely attached to the Lord, 2 Machabees i. 3. ---
Sinned. This excited thy anger. Yet thou wilt shew merc...
Thee. The little band of Judas was sincerely attached to the Lord, 2 Machabees i. 3. ---
Sinned. This excited thy anger. Yet thou wilt shew mercy. Sin is often put for punishment. (Calmet) ---
Vau means also, "for, and, yet." Protestants, "for we have sinned." But we follow St. Jerome and the Vulgate. (Worthington)
Haydock: Isa 64:6 - Unclean // Justices // Woman Unclean: leper. (Grotius) (Leviticus xiii. 45.) ---
Justices. That is, the works by which we pretended to make ourselves just. This is spoken p...
Unclean: leper. (Grotius) (Leviticus xiii. 45.) ---
Justices. That is, the works by which we pretended to make ourselves just. This is spoken particularly of the sacrifices, sacraments, and ceremonies of the Jews, after the death of Christ, and the promulgation of the new law. (Challoner) ---
The justice which is under the law is stated uncleanness, when compared with evangelical purity, Philippians iii. 8. ---
"If any one after the gospel....would observe the ceremonies of the law, let him hear the people confessing that all that justice is compared to a most filthy rag." (St. Jerome) ---
The good works which are done by grace, and not by man alone, cannot be said to be of this description. They constitute the internal glory of man, and God will one day crown these his gifts. Of ourselves indeed we can do nothing, and the works of the Mosaic law will not avail, as St. Paul inculcates; but those works, point out the saint, which are preformed by charity with faith in Christ. This justice is not imputed only, but real; and shews where true faith exists, according to St. James. Thus the apostles explain each other. (Haydock) ---
Woman. Septuagint, "of one sitting down;" like Rachel, Genesis xxxi. 35. Symmachus, "lying-in." Aquila, "of proofs." Grotius, "like a plaster on a sore, which is thrown away." Such were Alcimus, &c. (Calmet) ---
To practise (Haydock) the Jewish rites would now be sinful. (Menochius)
Haydock: Isa 64:7 - Of thee Of thee; to remove thy indignation, like Moses, Jeremias, (vii. 15.) &c. See Ezechiel xiii. 5.
Of thee; to remove thy indignation, like Moses, Jeremias, (vii. 15.) &c. See Ezechiel xiii. 5.
Haydock: Isa 64:10 - Desolate Desolate, under Antiochus Epiphanes, 1 Machabees i. 31., and iv. 38. (Calmet)
Desolate, under Antiochus Epiphanes, 1 Machabees i. 31., and iv. 38. (Calmet)
Gill: Isa 64:1 - O that thou wouldst rend the heavens, that thou wouldst come down // that the mountains might flow down at thy presence // that the nations may tremble at thy presence O that thou wouldst rend the heavens, that thou wouldst come down,.... Before, the church prayed that the Lord would look down from heaven and behold,...
O that thou wouldst rend the heavens, that thou wouldst come down,.... Before, the church prayed that the Lord would look down from heaven and behold, Isa 63:15, now that he would open the heavens, and descend from thence; not by change of place, for he fills heaven and earth with his presence; but by some visible display of his power, in destroying her enemies, and delivering her from them. Some take this to be a prayer for the first coming of Christ from heaven to earth, by his incarnation, in order to redeem and save his people; and others that it is for his second coming to judgment, to take vengeance on his adversaries, when his wrath will burn like fire; but rather it is for his spiritual coming, to avenge his church and people on antichrist, and the antichristian states. She had seen him, as a triumphant conqueror, stained with the blood of his enemies; and now she prays for the accomplishment of what she had seen in vision and prophecy:
that the mountains might flow down at thy presence; kings and princes of the earth, and kingdoms and states governed by them, compared to mountains for their seeming firmness and stability; yet these will melt like wax, and flow like water, tremble and disappear at the presence of the King of kings, when he comes forth in his great wrath against them; as it is explained in the next verse,
that the nations may tremble at thy presence; see Rev 16:20. Here ends the sixty third chapter in the Targum.
Gill: Isa 64:2 - As when the melting fire burneth // the fire causeth the waters to boil // to make thy name known to thine adversaries // that the nations may tremble at thy presence As when the melting fire burneth,.... Or, "the fire of melting" k; a strong vehement fire, as Kimchi, such as is used under a furnace for melting meta...
As when the melting fire burneth,.... Or, "the fire of melting" k; a strong vehement fire, as Kimchi, such as is used under a furnace for melting metals; though De Dieu thinks a slow gentle fire is intended, such as is sufficient to keep the liquor boiling; which he concludes from the use of the word in the Arabic language, which, according to an Arabic lexicographer l he quotes, so signifies; and to the same purpose Hottinger m, by the help of the Arabic language, interprets the word of a small low noise, the hissing of a boiling pot; though, as Vitringa observes, could it be granted, which can not, that a slow fire raises great bubbles in water, such as when it boils; yet the fire, with which God consumes his enemies, in a figurative sense, is represented as most vehement and noisy. It seems much better, with R. Jonah, quoted by Kimchi, to understand it of "dry stubble", which makes a great blaze and noise, and causes water to boil and rise up in bubbles; and with this agree some other versions, which render it by "bavins" n, dry sticks and branches of trees; which being kindled,
the fire causeth the waters to boil; as the fire, under the pot, causes the waters to boil in it; the church here prays that the wrath of God might break forth upon his and her enemies, like fire that melts metals, and boils water. The figures used seem to denote the fierceness and vehemency of it. The Targum is,
"as when thou sendedst thine anger as fire in the days of Elijah, the sea was melted, the fire licked up the water;''
as if the allusion was to the affair in 1Ki 18:38, but rather the allusion is, as Kimchi and others think, to the fire that burnt on Mount Sinai, when the Lord descended on it, and the cloud which flowed with water, as the above writer supposes, and which both together caused the smoke:
to make thy name known to thine adversaries; his terrible name, in the destruction of them; his power and his glory:
that the nations may tremble at thy presence; as Sinai trembled when the Lord was on it; and as the antichristian states will when Christ appears, and the vials of his wrath will be poured out; and the Lord's people will be delivered, and the Jews particularly converted.
Gill: Isa 64:3 - When thou didst terrible things, which we looked not for, thou camest down // the mountains flowed down at thy presence When thou didst terrible things, which we looked not for, thou camest down,.... Referring to the wonderful things God did in Egypt, at the Red sea, an...
When thou didst terrible things, which we looked not for, thou camest down,.... Referring to the wonderful things God did in Egypt, at the Red sea, and in the wilderness, and particularly at Mount Sinai, things that were unexpected, and not looked for; then the Lord came down, and made visible displays of his power and presence, especially on Mount Sinai; see Exo 19:18,
the mountains flowed down at thy presence; not Sinai only, but others also; Kimchi says Seir and Paran; Jdg 5:4.
Gill: Isa 64:4 - For since the beginning of the world men have not heard, nor perceived by the ear // neither hath the eye seen, O God, besides thee // he hath prepared for him that waiteth for him For since the beginning of the world men have not heard, nor perceived by the ear,.... Not only the things unexpected, undesired, and undeserved, had ...
For since the beginning of the world men have not heard, nor perceived by the ear,.... Not only the things unexpected, undesired, and undeserved, had been done for the Lord's people of old; but there were other things, unheard of and unseen, which God, in his secret counsels, had prepared for them; and for which reason his appearance in his providential dispensations was the more to be desired and entreated. The Apostle Paul has cited this passage in 1Co 2:9 and applied it to Gospel times, and to evangelical truths, which are not discoverable by the light of nature; had there not been a revelation from God, the ears of men had never heard them, nor the eyes of men ever seen them:
neither hath the eye seen, O God, besides thee; and though there is a revelation made, yet, unless God gives men eyes to see, and ears to hear, divine truths will remain unknown to them; and those who have knowledge of them, it is but imperfect; perfect knowledge of them is reserved to another state. These are mysteries and, though revealed, remain so; the modes of them being unknown, or the manner how they are is inscrutable; such as the mode of each Person's subsisting in the Trinity; and how the two natures, human and divine, are united in the person of Christ. Moreover, under the Old Testament dispensation, these things were not so clearly revealed as now; they were the fellowship of the mystery hid in God, the treasure of Gospel truths hid in the field of the Scriptures; they were wrapped up in the dark figures and shadows of the ceremonial law, and expressed in obscure prophecies; they were kept secret since the beginning of the world, from ages and generations past, and, not so made known, as now, to the holy apostles and prophets; a more full and clear knowledge of them was reserved to Gospel times. This may also include the blessings of grace, more peculiarly prepared and provided for the church of Christ under the Gospel dispensation, especially in the latter part of it, as the promise of the Spirit; more spiritual light and knowledge; peace in abundance, and such as passeth all understanding; and particularly what will be enjoyed in the personal reign of Christ, described in so pompous a manner, Rev 20:1 and it may be applied to the glories of the future state, which are such as the eye of man has never seen, nor his ear heard; and, as the apostle adds, have not entered into the heart of man to conceive of; and, as Jarchi paraphrases the words here,
"the eye of any prophet hath not seen what God will do for him that waits for him, except thine eyes, thou, O God;''
having cited a passage of their Rabbins out of the Talmud o, which interprets the words of the world to come,
"all the prophets say, they all of them prophesied only of the days of the Messiah; but as to the world to come, eye hath not seen, &c.''
Some read the words, "neither has the eye seen God besides thee who will do for him that waiteth for him" p; that is, none besides thee, O Christ, who lay in the bosom of the Father, and was privy to all, Joh 1:18, what
he hath prepared for him that waiteth for him; the apostle quotes it, "for them that love him"; which describes the same persons; for those that wait for the Lord love him, and those that love him will wait for him; as Old Testament saints did for the first coming of Christ, and as New Testament saints now wait on him, in the ministry of his word and ordinances, for his spiritual presence, and also are waiting for his second coming, and for the ultimate glory; and for such persons unseen and unheard of things are prepared in the counsels and purposes of God, and in the covenant of his grace; Christ, and all things with him; the Gospel, and the truths of it, ordained before the world was; and all the blessings of grace and glory. The Targum is,
"and since the world was, ear hath not heard the voice of mighty deeds, nor hearkened to the speech of trembling; nor hath eye seen, what thy people saw, the Shechinah of the glory of the Lord, for there is none besides thee, what thou wilt do to thy people, the righteous, who were of old, who wait for thy salvation.''
Gill: Isa 64:5 - Thou meetest him that rejoiceth // and worketh righteousness // Those that remember thee in thy ways // Behold, thou art wroth, and we have sinned; or because we have sinned Thou meetest him that rejoiceth,.... Not in a carnal way, nor in a sinful manner, nor in a hypocritical one, or in vain boastings, all such rejoicing ...
Thou meetest him that rejoiceth,.... Not in a carnal way, nor in a sinful manner, nor in a hypocritical one, or in vain boastings, all such rejoicing is evil: but in the Lord, in the person of Christ; in the greatness, glory, and fullness of his person; at the promise, and in the view, of his coming in the flesh, as Abraham did; in the grace of God displayed in him, and in hope of the glory of God by him; such a frame of spirit is agreeable to the Lord:
and worketh righteousness; a truly gracious soul is not idle, but works; not in his own strength, nor for life, or anything but what is just and right; no man indeed can work out a perfect righteousness, nor should men attempt to work out one for justification before God; but should lay hold by faith on the righteousness of Christ, which is the evangelical and best way of working righteousness; and such do works of righteousness in faith, which is doing them in the best manner, and the course of life of such is righteous; and these are regarded by the Lord, especially such who rejoice to work righteousness, or do it, in a cheerful joyful manner, which perhaps is the sense of the words: now such the Lord "meeteth", or has been used to meet, in former ages, in all generations, even in a way of love, grace, and mercy; and prevents them with the blessings of his goodness; indulges them with communion with himself through his Son, typified by the mercyseat; and at the throne of his grace, and in his house and ordinances. The Jewish commentators understand this phrase in a different manner. R. Jonah and Jarchi interpret it of God's meeting the righteous, and removing them out of the world by death, according to 1Ki 2:25 and Aben Ezra of his receiving their prayers and intercessions for others, according to Isa 47:3. Kimchi joins both senses together,
"the righteous, who were doing thy commandments with joy, are not now in the world, to stand in the gap for us.''
Those that remember thee in thy ways; they remember there is a God, and worship him; the perfections of his nature, and adore them; his works of providence, and admire them; and his blessings of grace and goodness, and are thankful for them: they remember him "in his ways"; in the ways of his providence, which are unsearchable, and past finding out; in the ways of his grace and mercy, so the Targum; or "for" or "because" q of these, and praise his name; and in the ways of his commandments, which they observe.
Behold, thou art wroth, and we have sinned; or because we have sinned r; as for us, we have sinned, and justly incurred the displeasure of God; and it is no wonder he hides his face from us, and does not meet us, as he has been used to meet his people formerly. The people of God sin, and this is taken notice of by him, and resented; and which is the cause of all their afflictions, in which the Lord appears to be "wroth" with them; not that he is properly so, for afflictions to them are not in vindictive wrath; but he seems to be wroth with them, he carries it towards them as if he was, when he chastises them, and hides his face from them. In those is continuance, and we shall be saved: or "in these we have been of old" s; that is, in these sins; we are old sinners, sinners in Adam, sinners from our birth, and so in these sins is continuance: saints indeed do not continue in a course of sin, yet sin continues in them, and they are continually sinning in thought, word, or deed; yet nevertheless there is salvation from all their sins in Christ, in whom they shall be saved: or there is continuance in works of righteousness, and in the cheerful performance of them; the principle of well doing continues in believers, which is the grace of God, and spiritual strength, by which they do well; and through the grace of Christ they persevere in faith and holiness, and, persevering herein, shall be saved. Or rather there is continuance in the ways of God, in the ways of his grace and mercy; in them there is constancy, perpetuity, and eternity, as the word signifies; his love is an everlasting love; his mercy is from everlasting to everlasting, and endures for ever; he is unchangeable in his grace and promises, and hence his people shall not be consumed in their sins by his wrath, but shall be everlastingly saved; which is entirely owing to his permanent and immutable grace, and not to their works of righteousness, as appears by what follows.
Gill: Isa 64:6 - But we are all as an unclean thing // And all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags // and we all do fade as a leaf // and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away But we are all as an unclean thing,.... Or "we have been" t; so all men are in a state of nature: man was made pure and holy, but by sinning became im...
But we are all as an unclean thing,.... Or "we have been" t; so all men are in a state of nature: man was made pure and holy, but by sinning became impure; and this impurity is propagated by natural generation, and belongs to all, none are free from it; and there is no cleansing from it but by the grace of God and blood of Christ: all are not sensible of it; some are, as the church here was, and owns it, and the universality of it, and compares herself and members to an "unclean thing", on account of it; so men, defiled with sin, are compared to unclean creatures, dogs, and swine, and to unclean persons; to such as are covered with loathsome diseases, and particularly to leprous persons, and who may be chiefly intended here; they being defiled and defiling, loathsome and abominable, their disease spreading and continuing, and incurable by physicians; hence they were separated from the company of men; and the words may be rendered, "as an unclean person" u, as such were by the law: or we are, in our own sense and apprehension of things; and this may respect not only the impurity of nature, but a general corruption in doctrine and manners among the professors of religion; such as was in the Jewish church about the time of Christ's coming.
And all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; which is to be understood not of the righteousness of some persons in the church, which lay in outward rites, ceremonies, and sacrifices, which were no righteousness before God, and could not take away sin; and were indeed on many accounts, as they were performed, loathsome and abominable; see Isa 1:11, or of others that lay in outward legal duties and works of the law, which were not done from right principles, as well as not perfect; and so, because of the impurity, imperfection, pride, and vanity, that appeared in them, were abominable to the Lord: but of the righteousnesses of the church herself; not of the righteousness of Christ, which was made hers by imputation; for this is not rags, but a robe, the best robe, and wedding garment; much less filthy, but pure and spotless, beautiful and glorious, as well as a proper covering; but then, though this is the church's, and all true believers', by gift, by imputation and application, yet its is properly Christ's and is in him, and is opposed to their own righteousness; which is what is intended here, even the best of it; such works of righteousness as are done by them in the best manner; they are "rags", not whole, but imperfect, not fit to appear in before God, and by which they cannot be justified in his sight; they are "filthy" ones, being attended with imperfection and sin; and these conversation garments need continual washing in the blood of Jesus; this is the language not of a natural man, or of a Pharisee, but of a sensible sinner, a truly gracious soul. The words may be rendered, "as a menstruous cloth" w, as some; or "as a garment of spoil or prey" x, as Aben Ezra, rolled in blood, either in war, or by a beast of prey; or as a foul plaster or cloth taken off a sore, with purulent matter on it y, as others; or any other impure and nauseous thing. Hottinger z thinks the word has some affinity with the Arabic
and we all do fade as a leaf; or "fall" a as one; as leaves in autumn: this is to be understood of a great part, and perhaps of the greater part, of the visible members of the church; not of true believers and real members, for these are rooted in the love of God, and in Christ, and have the root of the matter in them, the true grace of God; and therefore, though they meet with many blustering storms, yet do not cast their leaf of profession; indeed there may be, as there often are, decays and declensions in them; but rather this is to be interpreted of carnal professors, with which, at this time, the church abounded, who had no true grace in them; and so dropped their profession, and became like trees whose fruit withered, were without fruit; or like trees, in the fall of the year, which are without fruit, and shed their leaves, Jud 1:12,
and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away; as a leaf falling from the tree is carried away with the wind, which it is not able to withstand; so formal and carnal professors are carried away, through their sins, with the wind of persecution, and apostatize: or rather for their sins the Jews were carried captive, as before, to Babylon; so now by the Romans into various countries, where they are dispersed at this day; to which this passage may have some respect. "Iniquities" are put for the punishment of them; so the Targum,
"and, because of our sins, as the wind we are taken away.''
Gill: Isa 64:7 - And there is none that calleth upon thy name // that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee // For thou hast hid thy face from us // and hast consumed us because of our iniquities And there is none that calleth upon thy name,.... Upon the Lord himself, who is gracious and merciful, omnipotent, omniscient, and omnipresent, and al...
And there is none that calleth upon thy name,.... Upon the Lord himself, who is gracious and merciful, omnipotent, omniscient, and omnipresent, and all sufficient, a God hearing and answering prayer, and the Father of his people; all which should engage to call upon him: or, "there is none that prays in thy name", as the Targum; none that prays to God in the name of his Son, the only Mediator between God and men; he is the way of access to the Father; his name is to be used and made mention of in prayer; acceptance is only through him, and all favours are conveyed by him; see Joh 14:13, not that there were absolutely none at all that prayed to God, and called upon or in his name, but comparatively they were very few; for that there were some it is certain, since this very complaint is made in a prayer; but the number of such was small, especially that prayed in faith, in sincerity, with fervency and importunity; and, when this is the case, it is an argument and evidence of great declension:
that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee; to exercise faith on God, as their covenant God; to lay hold on the covenant itself, the blessings and promises of it, and plead them with God: or to pray unto him, which is a wrestling with him, when faith lays hold upon God, and will not let him go without the blessing; and is an entreaty of him not to depart when he seems to be about it; or a detaining of him, as the disciples detained Christ, when he seemed as if he would go from them; and is also an importunate desire that he would return when he is departed; and an earnest request not to strike when his hand is lifted up: faith in prayer does, as it were, take hold of the hands of God, and will not suffer him to strike his children; just as a friend lays hold on a father's hand when he is about to give his child a blow with it for his correction; and such is the amazing condescension of God, that he suffers himself to be held after this manner; see Gen 32:26, now, to "stir up" a man's self to this is to make diligent use of the means in seeking the Lord; particularly a frequent use of the gift of prayer, and a stirring of that up; a calling upon a man's soul, and all within him, to engage therein; to which are opposed slothfulness, &c. cold, lukewarm, negligent performance of duty, which is here complained of; there were none, or at least but few, that stirred up or "aroused" b themselves. God's professing people are sometimes asleep; and though it is high time to awake out of sleep, yet no one arouses himself or others.
For thou hast hid thy face from us: or removed the face of thy Shechinah, or divine Majesty from us, as the Targum; being provoked by such a conduct towards him, as before expressed: for it may be rendered, "therefore thou hast hid"; &c.; or "though", or "when" c, this was the case, yet no man sought his face and favour, or entreated he would return again:
and hast consumed us because of our iniquities; by the sword, famine, pestilence, and captivity.
Gill: Isa 64:8 - But now, O Lord, thou art our father // We are the clay, and thou our potter // and we all are the work of thy hand But now, O Lord, thou art our father,.... Notwithstanding all that we have done against thee, and thou hast done to us, the relation of a father conti...
But now, O Lord, thou art our father,.... Notwithstanding all that we have done against thee, and thou hast done to us, the relation of a father continues; thou art our Father by creation and adoption; as he was in a particular manner to the Jews, to whom belonged the adoption; and therefore this relation is pleaded, that mercy might be shown them; and so the Targum,
"and thou, Lord, thy mercies towards us "are" many (or let them be many) as a father towards "his" children.''
We are the clay, and thou our potter: respecting their original formation out of the dust of the earth; and so expressing humility in themselves, and yet ascribing greatness to God, who had curiously formed them, as the potter out of the clay forms vessels for various uses: it may respect their formation as a body politic and ecclesiastic, which arose from small beginnings, under the power and providence of God; see Deu 32:6,
and we all are the work of thy hand; and therefore regard us, and destroy us not; as men do not usually destroy their own works: these relations to God, and circumstances in which they were as creatures, and as a body civil and ecclesiastic, are used as arguments for mercy and favour.
Gill: Isa 64:9 - Be not wroth very sore, O Lord // neither remember iniquity for ever // Behold, see, we beseech thee, we are all thy people Be not wroth very sore, O Lord,.... They knew not how to deprecate the displeasure of God entirely; having sinned so greatly against him, they were se...
Be not wroth very sore, O Lord,.... They knew not how to deprecate the displeasure of God entirely; having sinned so greatly against him, they were sensible they deserved his wrath; but entreat it might not be hot and very vehement, and carried to the highest pitch, which would be intolerable:
neither remember iniquity for ever; to afflict and punish for it, but forgive it, for not to remember sin is to forgive it; and not inflict the deserved punishment of it, but take off and remove the effects of divine displeasure, which as yet continued, and had a long time, as this petition suggests; and therefore suits better with the present long captivity of the Jews than their seventy years' captivity in Babylon.
Behold, see, we beseech thee, we are all thy people; look upon all our troubles and distresses, and upon us under them, with an eye of pity and compassion; and consider that we are thy people, not only by creation, but by covenant and profession; even everyone of us; or we are all the people thou hast, the Jews looking upon themselves to be the special and peculiar people of God, and the Gentiles as having no claim to such a relation; this is the pure spirit of Judaism. The Targum is,
"lo, it is manifest before thee that we are all of us thy people.''
Gill: Isa 64:10 - Thy holy cities are a wilderness // Zion is a wilderness, Jerusalem a desolation Thy holy cities are a wilderness,.... Meaning either Zion, the city of David, and Jerusalem; the one called the upper, the other the lower city; now u...
Thy holy cities are a wilderness,.... Meaning either Zion, the city of David, and Jerusalem; the one called the upper, the other the lower city; now uninhabited, and a mere wilderness: or else the other cities of Judea, in which were formerly synagogues for religious service, and in which dwelt many godly families where the worship of God was kept up; but now a desert, at least quite devoid of true religion and godliness.
Zion is a wilderness, Jerusalem a desolation; which are either explanative of the holy cities in the preceding clauses, or are mentioned as distinct from them; the account proceeding from the lesser to the metropolitan cities, which fared no better than they did, but equally lay desolate; and which fulfilled the prophecy in Mic 3:12 and was the case of those cities, at the destruction of them by Titus; and to this day are in a ruinous condition in the hands of the Turks.
Gill: Isa 64:11 - Our holy and our beautiful house // where our fathers praised thee // is burnt up with fire // and all our pleasant things are laid waste Our holy and our beautiful house,.... Meaning the temple, the house of God, as Aben Ezra: called "holy", because dedicated to holy uses; where the hol...
Our holy and our beautiful house,.... Meaning the temple, the house of God, as Aben Ezra: called "holy", because dedicated to holy uses; where the holy sacrifices were offered up, the holy service of God performed; and where the holy God granted his presence, and where were the symbols of it: and "beautiful", in its building, as the first temple was that was built by Solomon; but here the second temple is meant, built by Zerubbabel, which being repaired and beautified by Herod, was a very beautiful building; and the Jews say d, that
"he who has not seen the building of Herod has never seen a beautiful building;''
or it may be rendered, "the house of our holiness, and of our glory" e; where their holy services were performed, and which was the glory of their nation, and on which they gloried and boasted:
where our fathers praised thee: with psalms and songs; the singers in the temple, as Aben Ezra; and the priests and all the people also, who, by their various services, as well as songs, gave praise and glory to God in this place; they do not mention their own services and praises, which they had been very negligent of, or not sincerely performed; but their fathers, which had been acceptable to the Lord, and therefore would bear mentioning when theirs would not: now this place, in which the glory of God and the interest of his people were concerned,
is burnt up with fire; this is true, as Kimchi observes, both of the first and second temple; the first was burnt with fire by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, Jer 52:13, and the second by the Romans under Titus the man emperor, as Josephus f relates:
and all our pleasant things are laid waste; their pleasant land, and pleasant cities, and especially Jerusalem, the palaces of their princes and nobles, and all the riches and grandeur of them, the temple, and all the rich vessels and utensils in it.
Gill: Isa 64:12 - Wilt thou refrain thyself for these things, O Lord // wilt thou hold thy peace? // and afflict us very sore Wilt thou refrain thyself for these things, O Lord?.... From delivering us out of our troubles and miseries, and taking vengeance on our enemies, and ...
Wilt thou refrain thyself for these things, O Lord?.... From delivering us out of our troubles and miseries, and taking vengeance on our enemies, and showing thy zeal for thine own glory; or, as Kimchi paraphrases it,
"how canst thou contain thyself for these things, and not have mercy?''
how canst thou bear to see Judea, and all its cities, a wilderness; Jerusalem, and the temple of it, in ruins?
wilt thou hold thy peace? or, "be silent"; and not plead thine own cause, and the cause of thy people?
and afflict us very sore? exceedingly, even to extremity; or for ever, as the Targum, thinking it long, as well as heavy. Jerom observes, that the Jews say these words in their synagogues every day; which show that they look upon this prophecy to respect their present case.