19:19 Then 7 I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies assembled to do battle with the one who rode the horse and with his army.
1 tn Grk “having.”
2 tn On λῦσον (luson) BDAG 606-7 s.v. λύω 2 states, “set free, loose, untie – a. lit. a pers., animal, or thing that is bound or tied…Angels that are bound Rv 9:14f.”
3 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of the war in heaven.
5 tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6 tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.
7 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”
7 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.