11:1 Then 2 a measuring rod 3 like a staff was given to me, and I was told, 4 “Get up and measure the temple of God, and the altar, and the ones who worship there.
18:20 (Rejoice over her, O heaven,
and you saints and apostles and prophets,
for God has pronounced judgment 13 against her on your behalf!) 14
22:1 Then 15 the angel 16 showed me the river of the water of life – water as clear as crystal – pouring out 17 from the throne of God and of the Lamb,
1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
2 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
3 tn Grk “a reed” (but these were used for measuring). Cf. Ezek 40:3ff.
4 tn Grk “saying.”
5 tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
6 tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.
7 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”
8 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the detailed description of the woman, which is somewhat parenthetical in nature.
9 tn The word “clothing” is supplied to clarify that the words “purple” and “scarlet” refer to cloth or garments rather than colors.
10 tn Grk “gilded with gold” (an instance of semantic reinforcement, see L&N 49.29).
11 tn Grk “pearls, having in her hand.” Due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
12 tc Several
13 tn On the phrase “pronounced judgment” BDAG 567 s.v. κρίμα 4.b states, “The OT is the source of the expr. κρίνειν τὸ κρ. (cp. Zech 7:9; 8:16; Ezk 44:24) ἔκρινεν ὁ θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς God has pronounced judgment for you against her or God has pronounced on her the judgment she wished to impose on you (HHoltzmann, Hdb. 1893 ad loc.) Rv 18:20.”
14 tn Grk “God has judged a judgment of you of her.” Verse 20 is set in parentheses because in it the saints, etc. are addressed directly in the second person.
sn This verse forms a parenthetical aside in the narrative.
15 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
16 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel mentioned in 21:9, 15) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
17 tn Grk “proceeding.” Water is more naturally thought to pour out or flow out in English idiom.