Acts 2:4

2:4 All ¹  of them were filled with the Holy Spirit, and they began to speak in other languages ²  as the Spirit enabled them. ³ 

Acts 2:6

2:6 When this sound ⁴  occurred, a crowd gathered and was in confusion, ⁵  because each one heard them speaking in his own language.

Acts 14:11

14:11 So when the crowds saw what Paul had done, they shouted ⁶  in the Lycaonian language, ⁷  “The gods have come down to us in human form!” ⁸ 

Acts 19:6

19:6 and when Paul placed ⁹  his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came ¹⁰  upon them, and they began to speak ¹¹  in tongues and to prophesy. ¹² 

Acts 21:37

21:37 As Paul was about to be brought into the barracks, ¹³  he said ¹⁴  to the commanding officer, ¹⁵  “May I say ¹⁶  something to you?” The officer ¹⁷  replied, ¹⁸  “Do you know Greek? ¹⁹ 

¹ tn Grk “And all.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

² tn The Greek term is γλώσσαις (glwssai"), the same word used for the tongues of fire.

³ tn Grk “just as the spirit gave them to utter.” The verb ἀποφθέγγομαι (apofqengomai) was used of special utterances in Classical Greek (BDAG 125 s.v.).

⁴ tn Or “this noise.”

⁵ tn Or “was bewildered.”

⁷ tn Grk “they lifted up their voice” (an idiom).

⁸ tn Grk “in Lycaonian, saying.” The word “language” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. The participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in English and has not been translated.

⁹ tn So BDAG 707 s.v. ὁμοιόω 1. However, L&N 64.4 takes the participle ὁμοιωθέντες (Jomoiwqente") as an adjectival participle modifying θεοί (qeoi): “the gods resembling men have come down to us.”

¹⁰ tn Or “laid.”

¹¹ sn The coming of the Holy Spirit here is another case where the Spirit comes and prophesy results in Acts (see Acts 2). Paul’s action parallels that of Peter (Acts 8) and not just with Gentiles.

¹² tn The imperfect verb ἐλάλουν (elaloun) has been translated as an ingressive imperfect.

¹³ tn The imperfect verb ἐπροφήτευον (eprofhteuon) has been translated as an ingressive imperfect.

¹³ tn Or “the headquarters.” BDAG 775 s.v. παρεμβολή 2 has “barracks/headquarters of the Roman troops in Jerusalem Ac 21:34, 37; 22:24; 23:10, 16, 32.”

¹⁴ tn Grk “says” (a historical present).

¹⁵ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers) See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 31.

¹⁶ tn Grk “Is it permitted for me to say” (an idiom).

¹⁷ tn Grk “He”; the referent (the officer) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁸ tn Grk “said.”

¹⁹ sn “Do you know Greek?” Paul as an educated rabbi was bilingual. Paul’s request in Greek allowed the officer to recognize that Paul was not the violent insurrectionist he thought he had arrested (see following verse). The confusion of identities reveals the degree of confusion dominating these events.