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Teks -- Genesis 45:1-28 (NET)

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Konteks
The Reconciliation of the Brothers
45:1 Joseph was no longer able to control himself before all his attendants, so he cried out, “Make everyone go out from my presence!” No one remained with Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers. 45:2 He wept loudly; the Egyptians heard it and Pharaoh’s household heard about it. 45:3 Joseph said to his brothers, “I am Joseph! Is my father still alive?” His brothers could not answer him because they were dumbfounded before him. 45:4 Joseph said to his brothers, “Come closer to me,” so they came near. Then he said, “I am Joseph your brother, whom you sold into Egypt. 45:5 Now, do not be upset and do not be angry with yourselves because you sold me here, for God sent me ahead of you to preserve life! 45:6 For these past two years there has been famine in the land and for five more years there will be neither plowing nor harvesting. 45:7 God sent me ahead of you to preserve you on the earth and to save your lives by a great deliverance. 45:8 So now, it is not you who sent me here, but God. He has made me an adviser to Pharaoh, lord over all his household, and ruler over all the land of Egypt. 45:9 Now go up to my father quickly and tell him, ‘This is what your son Joseph says: “God has made me lord of all Egypt. Come down to me; do not delay! 45:10 You will live in the land of Goshen, and you will be near me– you, your children, your grandchildren, your flocks, your herds, and everything you have. 45:11 I will provide you with food there because there will be five more years of famine. Otherwise you would become poor– you, your household, and everyone who belongs to you.”’ 45:12 You and my brother Benjamin can certainly see with your own eyes that I really am the one who speaks to you. 45:13 So tell my father about all my honor in Egypt and about everything you have seen. But bring my father down here quickly!” 45:14 Then he threw himself on the neck of his brother Benjamin and wept, and Benjamin wept on his neck. 45:15 He kissed all his brothers and wept over them. After this his brothers talked with him. 45:16 Now it was reported in the household of Pharaoh, “Joseph’s brothers have arrived.” It pleased Pharaoh and his servants. 45:17 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Say to your brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals and go to the land of Canaan! 45:18 Get your father and your households and come to me! Then I will give you the best land in Egypt and you will eat the best of the land.’ 45:19 You are also commanded to say, ‘Do this: Take for yourselves wagons from the land of Egypt for your little ones and for your wives. Bring your father and come. 45:20 Don’t worry about your belongings, for the best of all the land of Egypt will be yours.’” 45:21 So the sons of Israel did as he said. Joseph gave them wagons as Pharaoh had instructed, and he gave them provisions for the journey. 45:22 He gave sets of clothes to each one of them, but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver and five sets of clothes. 45:23 To his father he sent the following: ten donkeys loaded with the best products of Egypt and ten female donkeys loaded with grain, food, and provisions for his father’s journey. 45:24 Then he sent his brothers on their way and they left. He said to them, “As you travel don’t be overcome with fear.” 45:25 So they went up from Egypt and came to their father Jacob in the land of Canaan. 45:26 They told him, “Joseph is still alive and he is ruler over all the land of Egypt!” Jacob was stunned, for he did not believe them. 45:27 But when they related to him everything Joseph had said to them, and when he saw the wagons that Joseph had sent to transport him, their father Jacob’s spirit revived. 45:28 Then Israel said, “Enough! My son Joseph is still alive! I will go and see him before I die.”
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Nama Orang, Nama Tempat, Topik/Tema Kamus

Nama Orang dan Nama Tempat:
 · Benjamin the tribe of Benjamin of Israel
 · Canaan the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River
 · Egypt descendants of Mizraim
 · Egyptians descendants of Mizraim
 · Goshen a region in Egypt,a region of Egypt in the eastern part of the Nile delta,a town in the hill country of Judah
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Jacob the second so of a pair of twins born to Isaac and Rebeccaa; ancestor of the 12 tribes of Israel,the nation of Israel,a person, male,son of Isaac; Israel the man and nation
 · Joseph the husband of Mary and foster-father of Jesus,a Jewish man from Arimathea in whose grave the body of Jesus was laid,two different men listed as ancestors of Jesus,a man nominated with Matthias to take the place of Judas Iscariot as apostle,a son of Jacob and Rachel; the father of Ephraim and Manasseh and ruler of Egypt,a brother of Jesus; a son of Mary,a man who was a companion of Paul,son of Jacob and Rachel; patriarch of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh,a tribe, actually two tribes named after Joseph's sons, Ephraim and Manasseh,father of Igal, of Issachar, who helped spy out Canaan,son of Asaph the Levite; worship leader under Asaph and King David,a man who put away his heathen wife; an Israelite descended from Binnui,priest and head of the house of Shebaniah under High Priest Joiakim in the time of Nehemiah
 · Pharaoh the king who ruled Egypt when Moses was born,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in Abraham's time,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in Joseph's time,the title of the king who ruled Egypt when Moses was born,the title of the king who refused to let Israel leave Egypt,the title of the king of Egypt whose daughter Solomon married,the title of the king who ruled Egypt in the time of Isaiah,the title Egypt's ruler just before Moses' time


Topik/Tema Kamus: CART | Joseph | GENESIS, 1-2 | Benjamin | Readings, Select | JOSEPH (2) | Forgiveness | Moses | Hospitality | Wagon | Brother | Children | Kindness | God | Liberality | Afflictions and Adversities | Jacob | EARING | Parents | Fat | selebihnya
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Maclaren , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

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Wesley: Gen 45:1 - -- Judah and his brethren were waiting for an answer, and could not but be amazed to discover, instead of the gravity of a judge, the natural affection o...

Judah and his brethren were waiting for an answer, and could not but be amazed to discover, instead of the gravity of a judge, the natural affection of a father or brother.

[1.

Wesley: Gen 45:1 - ] Cause every man to go out The private conversations of friends are the most free. When Joseph would put on love, he puts off state, which it was not fit his servants should be ...

The private conversations of friends are the most free. When Joseph would put on love, he puts off state, which it was not fit his servants should be witnesses of. Thus Christ graciously manifests himself and his loving kindness to his people, out of the sight and hearing of the world.

[2.] V. 2. Tears were the introduction to his discourse. He had dammed up this stream a great while, and with much ado, but now it swelled so high that he could no longer contain, but he wept aloud, so that those whom he had forbid to see him could not but hear him. These were tears of tenderness and strong affection, and with these he threw off that austerity, with which he had hitherto carried himself towards his brethren; for he could bear it no longer. This represents the Divine compassion towards returning penitents, as much as that of the father of the prodigal, Luk 15:20; Hos 11:8-9.

[3.] V. 3.

Wesley: Gen 45:1 - He abruptly tells them; I am Joseph They knew him only by his Egyptian name, Zaphnath - paaneah, his Hebrew name being lost and forgot in Egypt; but now he teaches them to call him by th...

They knew him only by his Egyptian name, Zaphnath - paaneah, his Hebrew name being lost and forgot in Egypt; but now he teaches them to call him by that, I am Joseph: nay, that they might not suspect it was another of the same name, he explains himself. I am Joseph your brother. This would both humble them yet more for their sin in selling him, and encourage them to hope for kind treatment. This word, at first, startled Joseph's brethren, they started back through fear, or at least stood still astonished: but Joseph called kindly and familiarly to them. Come near, I pray you. Thus, when Christ manifests himself to his people he encourages them to draw near to him with a true heart. Perhaps being about to speak of their selling of him, he would not speak aloud, lest the Egyptians should overhear, and it should make the Hebrews to be yet more an abomination to them; therefore he would have them come near, that he might whisper with them, which, now the tide of his passion was a little over, he was able to do, whereas, at first, he could not but cry out.

[4.] He endeavours to sweep their grief for the injuries they had done him, by shewing them, that, whatever they designed, God meant it for good, and had brought much good out of it.

Wesley: Gen 45:5 - Be not grieved or angry with yourselves Sinners must grieve, and be angry with themselves for their sins; yea, though God, by his power, bring good out of them, for that is no thanks to the ...

Sinners must grieve, and be angry with themselves for their sins; yea, though God, by his power, bring good out of them, for that is no thanks to the sinner: but true penitents should be greatly affected with it, when they see God bringing good out of evil. Though we must not with this consideration extenuate our own sins, and so take off the edge of our repentance; yet it may do well thus to extenuate the sins of others, and so take off the edge of our angry resentments. Thus Joseph doth here. His brethren needed not to fear that he would revenge upon them an injury which God's providence had made to turn so much to his advantage, and that of his family. Now he tells them how long the famine was likely to last, five years yet, Gen 45:6, and what a capacity he was in of being kind to his relations, which is the greatest satisfaction that wealth and power can give to a good man.

Wesley: Gen 45:8 - See what a favourable colour he puts upon the injury they had done him, God sent me before you God's Israel is the particular care of God's providence. Joseph reckoned that his advancement was not so much designed to save a whole kingdom of Egyp...

God's Israel is the particular care of God's providence. Joseph reckoned that his advancement was not so much designed to save a whole kingdom of Egyptians, as to preserve a small family of Israelites; for the Lord's portion is his people: whatever goes with others, they shall be secured. How admirable are the projects of Providence! How remote its tendencies! What wheels are there within wheels; and yet all directed by the eyes in the wheels, and the Spirit of the living Creature!

[5.] He promises to take care of his father and all his family, during the rest of the years of famine.

[1.] He desires that his father might speedily be made glad with the tidings of his life and honour. His brethren must hasten to Canaan, and acquaint Jacob that his son Joseph was lord of all Egypt - He knew it would be a refreshing oil to his hoary head, and a sovereign cordial to his spirits. He desires them to give themselves, and take with them to their father, all possible satisfaction of the truth of these surprising tidings.

Wesley: Gen 45:12 - Your eyes see that it is my mouth If they could recollect themselves, they might remember something of his features and speech, and be satisfied. (2.) He is very earnest that his fathe...

If they could recollect themselves, they might remember something of his features and speech, and be satisfied.

(2.) He is very earnest that his father and all his family should come to him to Egypt. Come down unto me, tarry not - He allots his dwelling in Goshen, that part of Egypt which lay towards Canaan, that they might be mindful of the country from which they were to come out. He promiseth to provide for him, I will nourish - Our Lord Jesus being, like Joseph, exalted to the highest honours and powers of the upper world, it is his will that all that are his should be with him where he is. This is his commandment, that we be with him now in faith and hope, and a heavenly conversation; and this is his promise, that we shall be for ever with him.

Wesley: Gen 45:24 - See that ye fall not out by the way He knew they were but too apt to be quarrelsome; and what had lately passed, which revived the remembrance of what they had done formerly against thei...

He knew they were but too apt to be quarrelsome; and what had lately passed, which revived the remembrance of what they had done formerly against their brother, might give them occasion to quarrel. Now Joseph having forgiven them all, lays this obligation upon them, not to upbraid one another. This charge our Lord Jesus has given to us, that we love one another, that we live in peace, that whatever occurs, or whatever former occurrences are remembered, we fall not out. For, We are brethren, we have all one father. We are his brethren; and we shame, our relation to him, who is our peace, if we fall out. We are all guilty, verily guilty, and instead of quarrelling with one another, have a great deal of reason to fall out with ourselves. We are forgiven of God, whom we have all offended, and therefore should be ready to forgive one another. We are by the way, a way that lies through the land of Egypt, where we have many eyes upon us, that seek occasion and advantage against us; a way that leads to Canaan, where we hope to be for ever in perfect peace.

Wesley: Gen 45:26 - -- We have here the good news brought to Jacob. When, without any preamble, his sons came in crying Joseph is yet alive. The very mention of Joseph's nam...

We have here the good news brought to Jacob. When, without any preamble, his sons came in crying Joseph is yet alive. The very mention of Joseph's name revived his sorrow, so that his heart fainted. It was a good while before he came to himself. He was in such care and fear about the rest of them, that at this time it would have been joy enough to him to hear that Simeon is released, and Benjamin is come safe home; for he had been ready to despair concerning both these; but to bear that Joseph is alive, is too good news to be true; he faints, for he believes it not.

Wesley: Gen 45:27 - When he saw the waggons his spirit revived Now Jacob is called Israel, for he begins to recover his wonted vigour. It pleases him to think that Joseph is alive. He saith nothing of Joseph's glo...

Now Jacob is called Israel, for he begins to recover his wonted vigour. It pleases him to think that Joseph is alive. He saith nothing of Joseph's glory, which they had told him of; it was enough to him that Joseph was alive: it pleases him to think of going to see him. Though he was old, and the journey long, yet he would go to see Joseph, because Joseph's business would not permit him to come to him. Observe, He will go see him, not I will go live with him; Jacob was old, and did not expect to live long: but I will go see him before I die, and then let me depart in peace; let my eyes be refreshed with this sight before they are closed, and then it is enough, I need no more to make me happy in this world.

JFB: Gen 45:1 - Then Joseph could not refrain himself The severity of the inflexible magistrate here gives way to the natural feelings of the man and the brother. However well he had disciplined his mind,...

The severity of the inflexible magistrate here gives way to the natural feelings of the man and the brother. However well he had disciplined his mind, he felt it impossible to resist the artless eloquence of Judah. He saw a satisfactory proof, in the return of all his brethren on such an occasion, that they were affectionately united to one another; he had heard enough to convince him that time, reflection, or grace had made a happy improvement on their characters; and he would probably have proceeded in a calm and leisurely manner to reveal himself as prudence might have dictated. But when he heard the heroic self-sacrifice of Judah [Gen 44:33] and realized all the affection of that proposal--a proposal for which he was totally unprepared--he was completely unmanned; he felt himself forced to bring this painful trial to an end.

JFB: Gen 45:1 - he cried, Cause every man to go out from me In ordering the departure of witnesses of this last scene, he acted as a warm-hearted and real friend to his brothers--his conduct was dictated by mot...

In ordering the departure of witnesses of this last scene, he acted as a warm-hearted and real friend to his brothers--his conduct was dictated by motives of the highest prudence--that of preventing their early iniquities from becoming known either to the members of his household, or among the people of Egypt.

JFB: Gen 45:2 - he wept aloud No doubt, from the fulness of highly excited feelings; but to indulge in vehement and long-continued transports of sobbing is the usual way in which t...

No doubt, from the fulness of highly excited feelings; but to indulge in vehement and long-continued transports of sobbing is the usual way in which the Orientals express their grief.

JFB: Gen 45:3 - I am Joseph Or, "terrified at his presence." The emotions that now rose in his breast as well as that of his brethren--and chased each other in rapid succession--...

Or, "terrified at his presence." The emotions that now rose in his breast as well as that of his brethren--and chased each other in rapid succession--were many and violent. He was agitated by sympathy and joy; they were astonished, confounded, terrified; and betrayed their terror, by shrinking as far as they could from his presence. So "troubled" were they, that he had to repeat his announcement of himself; and what kind, affectionate terms he did use. He spoke of their having sold him--not to wound their feelings, but to convince them of his identity; and then, to reassure their minds, he traced the agency of an overruling Providence, in his exile and present honor [Gen 35:5-7]. Not that he wished them to roll the responsibility of their crime on God; no, his only object was to encourage their confidence and induce them to trust in the plans he had formed for the future comfort of their father and themselves.

JFB: Gen 45:6 - and yet there are five years, in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest "Ear" is an old English word, meaning "to plough" (compare 1Sa 8:12; Isa 30:24). This seems to confirm the view given (Gen 41:57) that the famine was ...

"Ear" is an old English word, meaning "to plough" (compare 1Sa 8:12; Isa 30:24). This seems to confirm the view given (Gen 41:57) that the famine was caused by an extraordinary drought, which prevented the annual overflowing of the Nile; and of course made the land unfit to receive the seed of Egypt.

JFB: Gen 45:14-15 - And he fell upon . . . Benjamin's neck The sudden transition from a condemned criminal to a fondled brother, might have occasioned fainting or even death, had not his tumultuous feelings be...

The sudden transition from a condemned criminal to a fondled brother, might have occasioned fainting or even death, had not his tumultuous feelings been relieved by a torrent of tears. But Joseph's attentions were not confined to Benjamin. He affectionately embraced every one of his brothers in succession; and by those actions, his forgiveness was demonstrated more fully than it could be by words.

JFB: Gen 45:17-20 - Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Say unto thy brethren As Joseph might have been prevented by delicacy, the king himself invited the patriarch and all his family to migrate into Egypt; and he made most lib...

As Joseph might have been prevented by delicacy, the king himself invited the patriarch and all his family to migrate into Egypt; and he made most liberal arrangements for their removal and their subsequent settlement. It displays the character of this Pharaoh to advantage, that he was so kind to the relatives of Joseph; but indeed the greatest liberality he could show could never recompense the services of so great a benefactor of his kingdom.

JFB: Gen 45:21 - Joseph gave them wagons Which must have been novelties in Palestine; for wheeled carriages were almost unknown there.

Which must have been novelties in Palestine; for wheeled carriages were almost unknown there.

JFB: Gen 45:22 - changes of raiment It was and is customary, with great men, to bestow on their friends dresses of distinction, and in places where they are of the same description and q...

It was and is customary, with great men, to bestow on their friends dresses of distinction, and in places where they are of the same description and quality, the value of these presents consists in their number. The great number given to Benjamin bespoke the warmth of his brother's attachment to him; and Joseph felt, from the amiable temper they now all displayed, he might, with perfect safety, indulge this fond partiality for his mother's son.

JFB: Gen 45:23 - to his father he sent A supply of everything that could contribute to his support and comfort--the large and liberal scale on which that supply was given being intended, li...

A supply of everything that could contribute to his support and comfort--the large and liberal scale on which that supply was given being intended, like the five messes of Benjamin, as a token of his filial love [see on Gen 43:34].

JFB: Gen 45:24 - so he sent his brethren away In dismissing them on their homeward journey, he gave them this particular admonition:

In dismissing them on their homeward journey, he gave them this particular admonition:

JFB: Gen 45:24 - See that ye fall not out by the way A caution that would be greatly needed; for not only during the journey would they be occupied in recalling the parts they had respectively acted in t...

A caution that would be greatly needed; for not only during the journey would they be occupied in recalling the parts they had respectively acted in the events that led to Joseph's being sold into Egypt, but their wickedness would soon have to come to the knowledge of their venerable father.

Clarke: Gen 45:1 - Joseph could not refrain himself Joseph could not refrain himself - The word התאפק hithappek is very emphatic; it signifies to force one’ s self, to do something agains...

Joseph could not refrain himself - The word התאפק hithappek is very emphatic; it signifies to force one’ s self, to do something against nature, to do violence to one’ s self. Joseph could no longer constrain himself to act a feigned part - all the brother and the son rose up in him at once, and overpowered all his resolutions; he felt for his father, he realized his disappointment and agony; and he felt for his brethren, "now at his feet submissive in distress;"and, that he’ might give free and full scope to his feelings, and the most ample play of the workings of his affectionate heart, he ordered all his attendants to go out, while he made himself known to his brethren. "The beauties of this chapter,"says Dr. Dodd, "are so striking, that it would be an indignity to the reader’ s judgment to point them out; all who can read and feel must be sensible of them, as there is perhaps nothing in sacred or profane history more highly wrought up, more interesting or affecting."

Clarke: Gen 45:2 - The Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard The Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard - It seems strange that Joseph should have wept so loud that his cries should be heard at some consider...

The Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard - It seems strange that Joseph should have wept so loud that his cries should be heard at some considerable distance, as we may suppose his dwelling was not very nigh to the palace! "But this,"says Sir John Chardin, "is exactly the genius of the people of Asia - their sentiments of joy or grief are properly transports, and their transports are ungoverned, excessive, and truly outrageous. When any one returns from a long journey, or dies, his family burst into cries that may be heard twenty doors off; and this is renewed at different times, and continues many days, according to the vigor of the passion. Sometimes they cease all at once, and then begin as suddenly with a greater shrillness and loudness than one could easily imagine."This circumstance Sir John brings to illustrate the verse in question. See Harmer, vol. iii. p. 17. But the house of Pharaoh may certainly signify Pharaoh’ s servants, or any of the members of his household, such as those whom Joseph had desired to withdraw, and who might still be within hearing of his voice. After all, the words may only mean that the report was brought to Pharaoh’ s house. See Gen 45:16.

Clarke: Gen 45:3 - I am Joseph I am Joseph - Mr. Pope supposed that the discovery of Ulysses to his son Telemachus bears some resemblance to Joseph’ s discovery of himself to...

I am Joseph - Mr. Pope supposed that the discovery of Ulysses to his son Telemachus bears some resemblance to Joseph’ s discovery of himself to his brethren. The passage may be seen in Homer, Odyss. l. xvi., ver. 186-218

A few lines from Cowper’ s translation will show much of the spirit of the original, and also a considerable analogy between the two scenes: -

"I am thy father, for whose sake thou lead’ s

A life of wo by violence oppress’ d

So saying, he kiss’ d his son; while from his cheek

Tears trickled, tears till then perforce restrain’ d

Then threw Telemachu

His arms around his father’ s neck, and wept

Pangs of soft sorrow, not to be suppress’ d

Seized both. So they, their cheeks with big round drops of w

Bedewing, stood."

Clarke: Gen 45:5 - Be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves Be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves - This discovers a truly noble mind: he not only forgives and forgets, but he wishes even those who had wr...

Be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves - This discovers a truly noble mind: he not only forgives and forgets, but he wishes even those who had wronged him to forget the injury they had done, that they might not suffer distress on the account; and with deep piety he attributes the whole to the providence of God; for, says he, God did send me before you to preserve life. On every word here a strong emphasis may be laid. It is not you, but God; it is not you that sold me, but God who sent me; Egypt and Canaan must both have perished, had not a merciful provision been made; you were to come down hither, and God sent me before you; death must have been the consequence of this famine, had not God sent me here to preserve life.

Clarke: Gen 45:6 - There shall neither be earing nor harvest There shall neither be earing nor harvest - Earing has been supposed to mean collecting the ears of corn, which would confound it with harvest: the ...

There shall neither be earing nor harvest - Earing has been supposed to mean collecting the ears of corn, which would confound it with harvest: the word, however, means ploughing or seed-time, from the Anglo-Saxon erian , probably borrowed from the Latin aro , to plough, and plainly means that there should be no seed-time, and consequently no harvest; and why? Because there should be a total want of rain in other countries, and the Nile should not rise above twelve cubits in Egypt; See Clarke on Gen 41:31 (note). But the expressions here must be qualified a little, as we find from Gen 47:19, that the Egyptians came to Joseph to buy seed; and it is probable that even during this famine they sowed some of the ground, particularly on the borders of the river, from which a crop, though not an abundant one, might be produced. The passage, however, in the above chapter may refer to the last year of the famine, when they came to procure seed for the ensuing year.

Clarke: Gen 45:8 - He hath made me a father to Pharaoh He hath made me a father to Pharaoh - It has already been conjectured that father was a name of office in Egypt, and that father of Pharaoh might am...

He hath made me a father to Pharaoh - It has already been conjectured that father was a name of office in Egypt, and that father of Pharaoh might among them signify the same as prime minister or the king’ s minister does among us. Calmet has remarked that among the Phoenicians, Persians, Arabians, and Romans, the title of father was given to certain officers of state. The Roman emperors gave the name of father to the prefects of the Praetorium, as appears by the letters of Constantine to Ablavius. The caliphs gave the same name to their prime ministers. In Jdg 17:10, Micah says to the young Levite, Dwell with me, and be unto me a Father and a priest. And Diodorus Siculus remarks that the teachers and counsellors of the kings of Egypt were chosen out of the priesthood.

Clarke: Gen 45:10 - Thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen Thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen - Probably this district had been allotted to Joseph by the king of Egypt, else we can scarcely think he coul...

Thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen - Probably this district had been allotted to Joseph by the king of Egypt, else we can scarcely think he could have promised it so positively, without first obtaining Pharaoh’ s consent. Goshen was the most easterly province of Lower Egypt, not far from the Arabian Gulf, lying next to Canaan, (for Jacob went directly thither when he came into Egypt), from whence it is supposed to have been about fourscore miles distant, though Hebron was distant from the Egyptian capital about three hundred miles. At Goshen Jacob stayed till Joseph visited him, Gen 46:28. It is also called the land of Rameses, Gen 47:11, from a city of that name, which was the metropolis of the country. Josephus, Antiq., 1. ii., c. 4, makes Heliopolis, the city of Joseph’ s father-in-law, the place of the Israelites’ residence. As גשם geshem signifies rain in Hebrew, St. Jerome and some others have supposed that גשן Goshen comes from the same root, and that the land in question was called thus because it had rain, which was not the case with Egypt in general; and as it was on the confines of the Arabian Gulf, it is very probable that it was watered from heaven, and it might be owing to this circumstance that it was peculiarly fertile, for it is stated to be the best of the land of Egypt. See Gen 47:6, Gen 47:11. See also Calmet and Dodd.

Clarke: Gen 45:12 - That it is my mouth that speaketh unto you That it is my mouth that speaketh unto you - The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel renders the place thus: - "Your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother ...

That it is my mouth that speaketh unto you - The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel renders the place thus: - "Your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin, that it is my own mouth that speaketh with you, in the language of the house of the sanctuary."Undoubtedly Joseph laid considerable stress on his speaking with them in the Hebrew tongue, without the assistance of an interpreter, as in the case mentioned Gen 42:23.

Clarke: Gen 45:14 - He fell upon his brother Benjamin’ s neck He fell upon his brother Benjamin’ s neck - Among the Asiatics kissing the beard, the neck, and the shoulders, is in use to the present day; an...

He fell upon his brother Benjamin’ s neck - Among the Asiatics kissing the beard, the neck, and the shoulders, is in use to the present day; and probably falling on the neck signifies no more than kissing the neck or shoulders, with the arms around.

Clarke: Gen 45:20 - Regard not your stuff Regard not your stuff - Literally, Let not your eye spare your instruments or vessels. כליכם keleychem , a general term, in which may be inclu...

Regard not your stuff - Literally, Let not your eye spare your instruments or vessels. כליכם keleychem , a general term, in which may be included household furniture, agricultural utensils, or implements of any description. They were not to delay nor encumber themselves with articles which could be readily found in Egypt, and were not worth so long a carriage.

Clarke: Gen 45:21 - Joseph gave them wagons Joseph gave them wagons - עגלות agaloth , from עגל agal , which, though not used as a verb in the Hebrew Bible, evidently means to turn ro...

Joseph gave them wagons - עגלות agaloth , from עגל agal , which, though not used as a verb in the Hebrew Bible, evidently means to turn round, roll round, be circular, etc., and hence very properly applied to wheel carriages. It appears from this that such vehicles were very early in use, and that the road from Egypt to Canaan must have been very open and much frequented, else such carriages could not have passed by it.

Clarke: Gen 45:22 - Changes of raiment Changes of raiment - It is a common custom with all the Asiatic sovereigns to give both garments and money to ambassadors and persons of distinction...

Changes of raiment - It is a common custom with all the Asiatic sovereigns to give both garments and money to ambassadors and persons of distinction, whom they particularly wish to honor. Hence they keep in their wardrobes several hundred changes of raiment, ready made up for presents of this kind. That such were given by way of reward and honor, see Jdg 14:12, Jdg 14:19; Rev 6:11. At the close of a feast the Hindoos, among other presents to the guests, commonly give new garments. A Hindoo garment is merely a piece of cloth, requiring no work of the tailor - Ward.

Clarke: Gen 45:23 - Meat for his father by the way Meat for his father by the way - מזון mazon , from זן zan , to prepare, provide, etc. Hence prepared meat, some made-up dish, delicacies, co...

Meat for his father by the way - מזון mazon , from זן zan , to prepare, provide, etc. Hence prepared meat, some made-up dish, delicacies, confectionaries, etc. As the word is used, 2Ch 16:14, for aromatic preparations, it may be restrained in its meaning to something of that kind here. In Asiatic countries they have several curious methods of preserving flesh by potting, by which it may be kept for any reasonable length of time sweet and wholesome. Some delicacy, similar to the savory food which Isaac loved, may be here intended; and this was sent to Jacob in consideration of his age, and to testify the respect of his son. Of other kinds of meat he could need none, as he had large herds, and could kill a lamb, kid, sheep, or goat, whenever he pleased.

Clarke: Gen 45:24 - See that ye fall not out by the way See that ye fall not out by the way - This prudent caution was given by Joseph, to prevent his brethren from accusing each other for having sold him...

See that ye fall not out by the way - This prudent caution was given by Joseph, to prevent his brethren from accusing each other for having sold him; and to prevent them from envying Benjamin, for the superior favor shown him by his brother. It is strange, but so it is, that children of the same parents are apt to envy each other, fall out, and contend; and therefore the exhortation in this verse must be always seasonable in a large family. But a rational, religious education will, under God, prevent every thing of this sort.

Clarke: Gen 45:26 - Jacob’ s heart fainted Jacob’ s heart fainted - Probably the good news so overpowered him as to cast him into a swoon. He believed them not - he thought it was too go...

Jacob’ s heart fainted - Probably the good news so overpowered him as to cast him into a swoon. He believed them not - he thought it was too good news to be true; and though it occasioned his swooning, yet on his recovery he could not fully credit it. See a similar case, Luk 24:41 (note).

Clarke: Gen 45:27 - When he saw the wagons - the spirit of Jacob - revived When he saw the wagons - the spirit of Jacob - revived - The wagons were additional evidences of the truth of what he had heard from his sons; and t...

When he saw the wagons - the spirit of Jacob - revived - The wagons were additional evidences of the truth of what he had heard from his sons; and the consequence was, that he was restored to fresh vigor, he seemed as if he had gained new life, ותחי vattechi , and he lived; revixit , says the Vulgate, he lived afresh. The Septuagint translate the original word by ανεζωπυρησε, which signifies the blowing and stirring up of almost extinguished embers that had been buried under the ashes, which word St. Paul uses, 2Ti 1:6, for stirring up the gift of God. The passage at once shows the debilitated state of the venerable patriarch, and the wonderful effect the news of Joseph’ s preservation and glory had upon his mind.

Clarke: Gen 45:28 - It is enough; Joseph my son is yet alive It is enough; Joseph my son is yet alive - It was not the state of dignity to which Joseph had arisen that particularly affected Jacob, it was the c...

It is enough; Joseph my son is yet alive - It was not the state of dignity to which Joseph had arisen that particularly affected Jacob, it was the consideration that he was still alive. It was this that caused him to exclaim רב rab ; "much! multiplied! my son is yet alive! I will go and see him before I die."None can realize this scene; the words, the circumstances, all refer to indescribable feelings

1.    In Joseph’ s conduct to his brethren there are several things for which it is difficult to account. It is strange, knowing how much his father loved him, that he never took an opportunity, many of which must have offered, to acquaint him that he was alive; and that self-interest did not dictate the propriety of this to him is at first view surprising, as his father would undoubtedly have paid his ransom, and restored him to liberty: but a little reflection will show that prudence dictated secrecy. His brethren, jealous and envious in the extreme, would soon have found out other methods of destroying his life, had they again got him into their power. Therefore for his personal safety, he chose rather to be a bond-slave in Egypt than to risk his life by returning home. On this ground it is evident that he could not with any safety have discovered the place of his residence

2.    His carriage to his brethren, previously to his making himself known, appears inexcusably harsh, if not vindictive; but when the men are considered, it will appear sufficiently evident that no other means would have been adequate to awaken their torpid consciences, and bring them to a due sense of their guilt. A desperate disease requires a desperate remedy. The event justified all that he did, and God appears to have been the director of the whole

3.    His conduct in requiring Benjamin to be as it were torn away from the bleeding heart of an aged, desolate father, in whose affection he himself had long lived, is the most difficult to be satisfactorily accounted for. Unless the Spirit of prophecy had assured him that this experiment would terminate in the most favorable manner, his conduct in making it cannot well be vindicated. To such prophetic intimation this conduct has been attributed by learned men; and we may say that this consideration, if it does not untie the knot, at least cuts it. Perhaps it is best to say that in all these things Joseph acted as he was directed by a providence, under the influence of which he might have been led to do many things which he had not previously designed. The issue proves that the hand of God’ s wisdom and goodness directed, regulated, and governed every circumstance, and the result was glory to God in the highest, and on earth, peace and good will among men

4.    This chapter, which contains the unravelling of the plot, and wonderfully illustrates the mysteries of these particular providences, is one of the most interesting in the whole account: the speech of Joseph to his brethren, Gen 45:1-13, is inferior only to that of Judah in the preceding chapter. He saw that his brethren were confounded at his presence, that they were struck with his present power, and that they keenly remembered and deeply deplored their own guilt. It was necessary to comfort them, lest their hearts should have been overwhelmed with overmuch sorrow. How delicate and finely wrought is the apology he makes for them! The whole heart of the affectionate brother is at once seen in it - art is confounded and swallowed up by nature - "Be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves - it was not you that sent me hither, but God."What he says also concerning his father shows the warmest feelings of a benevolent and filial heart. Indeed, the whole chapter is a master-piece of composition; and it is the more impressive because it is evidently a simple relation of facts just as they occurred; for no attempt is made to heighten the effect by rhetorical coloring or philosophical reflections; it is all simple, sheer nature, from beginning to end. It is a history that has no fellow, crowded with incidents as probable as they are true; where every passion is called into action, where every one acts up to his own character, and where nothing is outer in time, or extravagant in degree. Had not the history of Joseph formed a part of the sacred Scriptures, it would have been published in all the living languages of man, and read throughout the universe! But it contains the things of God, and to all such the carnal mind is enmity.

Calvin: Gen 45:1 - Then Joseph could not refrain himself 1.Then Joseph could not refrain himself 175 Moses relates in this chapter the manner in which Joseph made himself known to his brethren. In the first...

1.Then Joseph could not refrain himself 175 Moses relates in this chapter the manner in which Joseph made himself known to his brethren. In the first place, he declares, that Joseph had done violence to his feelings, as long as he presented to them an austere and harsh countenance. At length the strong fraternal affection, which he had suppressed during the time that he was breathing severe threatening, poured itself forth with more abundant force: whence it appears that nothing severe or cruel had before been harbored in his mind. And whereas it thus bursts forth in tears, this softness or tenderness is more deserving of praise than if he had maintained an equable temper. Therefore the stoics speak foolishly when they say, that it is an heroic virtue not to be touched with compassion. Had Joseph stood inflexible, who would not have pronounced him to be a stupid, or iron-hearted man? But now, by the vehemence of his feelings, he manifests a noble magnanimity, as well as a divine moderation; because he was so superior both to anger and to hatred, that he ardently loved those who had wickedly conspired to effect his ruin, though they had received no injury from him. He commands all men to depart, not because he was ashamed of his kindred, (for he does not afterwards dissemble the fact that they were his brethren, and he freely permits the report of it to be carried to the king’s palace,) but because he is considerate for their feelings, that he might not make known their detestable crime to many witnesses. And it was not the smallest part of his clemency, to desire that their disgrace should be wholly buried in oblivion. We see, therefore, that witnesses were removed, for no other reason than that he might more freely comfort his brethren; for he not only spared them, by not exposing their crime; but when shut up alone with them, he abstained from all bitterness of language, and gladly administered to them friendly consolation.

Calvin: Gen 45:3 - I am Joseph 3.I am Joseph. Although he had given them the clearest token of his mildness and his love, yet, when he told them his name, they were terrified, as i...

3.I am Joseph. Although he had given them the clearest token of his mildness and his love, yet, when he told them his name, they were terrified, as if he had thundered against them: for while they revolve in their minds what they have deserved, the power of Joseph seems so formidable to them, that they anticipate nothing for themselves but death. When, however, he sees them overcome with fear, he utters no reproach, but only labors to calm their perturbation. Nay, he continues gently to soothe them, until he has rendered them composed and cheerful. By this example we are taught to take heed lest sadness should overwhelm those who are truly and seriously humbled under a sense of shame. So long as the offender is deaf to reproofs, or securely flatters himself, or wickedly and obstinately repels admonitions, or excuses himself by hypocrisy, greater severity is to be used towards him. But rigor should have its bounds, and as soon as the offender lies prostrate, and trembles under the sense of his sin, let that moderation immediately follow which may raise him who is cast down, by the hope of pardon. Therefore, in order that our severity may be rightly and duly attempered, we must cultivate this inward affection of Joseph, which will show itself at the proper time.

Calvin: Gen 45:4 - Come near to me, I pray you 4.Come near to me, I pray you. This is more efficacious than any mere words, that he kindly invites them to his embrace. Yet he also tries to remove ...

4.Come near to me, I pray you. This is more efficacious than any mere words, that he kindly invites them to his embrace. Yet he also tries to remove their care and fear by the most courteous language he can use. He so attempers his speech, indeed, that he mildly accuses, and again consoles them; nevertheless, the consolation greatly predominates, because he sees that they are on the point of desperation, unless he affords them timely relief. Moreover, in relating that he had been sold, he does not renew the memory of their guilt, with the intention of expostulating with them; but only because it is always profitable that the sense of sin should remain, provided that immoderate terror does not absorb the unhappy man, after he has acknowledged his fault. And whereas the brethren of Joseph were more than sufficiently terrified, he insists the more fully on the second part of his purpose; namely, that he may heal the wound. This is the reason why he repeats, that God had sent him for their preservation; that by the counsel of God himself he had been sent beforehand into Egypt to preserve them alive; and that, in short, he had not been sent into Egypt by them, but had been led thither by the hand of God. 176

Calvin: Gen 45:8 - So now, it was not you that sent me hither 8.So now, it was not you that sent me hither. This is a remarkable passage, in which we are taught that the right course of events is never so distur...

8.So now, it was not you that sent me hither. This is a remarkable passage, in which we are taught that the right course of events is never so disturbed by the depravity and wickedness of men, but that God can direct them to a good end. We are also instructed in what manner and for what purpose we must consider the providence of God. When men of inquisitive minds dispute concerning it, they not only mingle and pervert all things without regard to the end designed, but invent every absurdity in their power, in order to sully the justice of God. And this rashness causes some pious and moderate men to wish this portion of doctrine to be concealed from view; for as soon as it is publicly declared that God holds the government of the whole world, and that nothing is done but by his will and authority, they who think with little reverence of the mysteries of God, break forth into various questions, not only frivolous but injurious. But, as this profane intemperance of mind is to be restrained, so a just measure is to be observed on the other hand, lest we should encourage a gross ignorance of those things which are not only made plain in the word of God, but are exceedingly useful to be known. Good men are ashamed to confess, that what men undertake cannot be accomplished except by the will of God; fearing lest unbridled tongues should cry out immediately, either that God is the author of sin, or that wicked men are not to be accused of crime, seeing they fulfill the counsel of God. But although this sacrilegious fury cannot be effectually rebutted, it may suffice that we hold it in detestation. Meanwhile, it is right to maintain, what is declared by the clear testimonies of Scripture, that whatever men may contrive, yet, amidst all their tumult, God from heaven overrules their counsels and attempts; and, in short, does, by their hands, what he has himself decreed. Good men, who fear to expose the justice of God to the calumnies of the impious, resort to this distinction, that God wills some things, but permits others to be done. As if, truly, any degree of liberty of action, were he to cease from governing, would be left to men. If he had only permitted Joseph to be carried into Egypt, he had not ordained him to be the minister of deliverance to his father Jacob and his sons; which he is now expressly declared to have done. Away, then, with that vain figment, that, by the permission of God only, and not by his counsel or will, those evils are committed which he afterwards turns to a good account. I speak of evils with respect to men, who propose nothing else to themselves but to act perversely. And as the vice dwells in them, so ought the whole blame also to be laid upon them. But God works wonderfully through their means, in order that, from their impurity, he may bring forth his perfect righteousness. This method of acting is secret, and far above our understanding. Therefore it is not wonderful that the licentiousness of our flesh should rise against it. But so much the more diligently must we be on our guard, that we do not attempt to reduce this lofty standard to the measure of our own littleness. Let this sentiment remain fixed with us, that while the lust of men exults, and intemperately hurries them hither and thither, God is the ruler, and, by his secret rein, directs their motions whithersoever he pleases. At the same time, however, it must also be maintained, that God acts so far distinctly from them, that no vice can attach itself to his providence, and that his decrees have no affinity with the crimes of men. Of which mode of procedure a most illustrious example is placed before our eyes in this history. Joseph was sold by his brethren; for what reason, but because they wished, by any means whatever, to ruin and annihilate him? The same work is ascribed to God, but for a very different end; namely, that in a time of famine the family of Jacob might have an unexpected supply of food. Therefore he willed that Joseph should be as one dead, for a short time, in order that he might suddenly bring him forth from the grave, as the preserver of life. Whence it appears, that although he seems, at the commencement, to do the same thing as the wicked; yet there is a wide distance between their wickedness and his admirable judgment. Let us now examine the words of Joseph. For the consolation of his brethren he seems to draw the veil of oblivion over their fault. But we know that men are not exempt from guilt, although God may, beyond expectation, bring what they wickedly attempt, to a good and happy issue. For what advantage was it to Judas that the redemption of the world proceeded from his wicked treachery? Joseph, however, though he withdraws, in some degree, the minds of his brethren from a consideration of their own guilt, until they can breathe again after their immoderate terror, neither traces their fault to God as its cause, nor really absolves them from it; as we shall see more clearly in the last chapter (Gen 44:1.) And doubtless, it must be maintained, that the deeds of men are not to be estimated according to the event, but according to the measure in which they may have failed in their duty, or may have attempted something contrary to the Divine command, and may have gone beyond the bounds of their calling. Someone, for instance, has neglected his wife or children, and has not diligently attended to their necessities; and though they do not die, unless God wills it, yet the inhumanity of the father, who wickedly deserted them when he ought to have relieved them, is not screened or excused by this pretext. Therefore, they whose consciences accuse them of evil, derive no advantage from the pretense that the providence of God exonerates them from blame. But on the other hand, whenever the Lord interposes to prevent the evil of those who desire to injure us, and not that only, but turns even their wicked designs to our good; he subdues, by this method, our carnal affections, and renders us more just and placable. Thus we see that Joseph was a skillful interpreter of the providence of God, when he borrowed from it an argument for granting forgiveness to his brethren. The magnitude of the crime committed against him might so have incensed him as to cause him to burn with the desire of revenge: but when he reflects that their wickedness had been overruled by the wonderful and unwonted goodness of God, forgetting the injury received, he kindly embraces the men whose dishonor God had covered with his grace. And truly charity is ingenious in hiding the faults of brethren, and therefore she freely applies to this use anything which may tend to appease anger, and to set enmities at rest. Joseph also is carried forward to another view of the case; namely, that he had been divinely chosen to help his brethren. Whence it happens, that he not only remits their offense, but that, from an earnest desire to discharge the duty enjoined upon him, he delivers them from fear and anxiety as well as from want. This is the reason why he asserts that he was ordained to “put for them a remnant,” 177 that is, to preserve a remaining seed, or rather to preserve them alive, and that by an excellent and wonderful deliverance. In saying that he is a father to Pharaoh, he is not carried away with empty boasting as vain men are wont to be; nor does he make an ostentatious display of his wealth; but he proves, from an event so great and incredible, that he had not obtained the post he occupied by accident, nor by human means; but rather that, by the wonderful counsel of God, a lofty throne had been raised for him, from which he might succor his father and his whole family.

Calvin: Gen 45:9 - Thus saith thy son Joseph 9.Thus saith thy son Joseph. In giving this command, he shows that he spoke of his power in order to inspire his father with stronger confidence. We ...

9.Thus saith thy son Joseph. In giving this command, he shows that he spoke of his power in order to inspire his father with stronger confidence. We know how dilatory old men are; and, besides, it was difficult to tear holy Jacob away from the inheritance which was divinely promised to him. Therefore Joseph, having pointed out the necessity for the step, declares what a desirable relief the Lord had offered. It may, however, be asked, why the oracle did not occur to their minds, concerning which they had been instructed by their fathers, namely, that they should be strangers and servants in a strange land. (Gen 15:13.) For it seems that Joseph here promises nothing but mere pleasures, as if no future adversity was to be apprehended. But though nothing is expressly declared on this point by Moses, yet I am induced, by a probable conjecture, to believe that Jacob was not forgetful of the oracle. For, unless he had been retained by some celestial chain, he never could have remained in Egypt after the expiration of the time of scarcity. For by remaining there voluntarily, he would have appeared to cast away the hope of the inheritance promised him by God. Seeing, then, that he does not provide for his return into the land of Canaan, but only commands his corpse to be carried thither; nor yet exhorts his sons to a speedy return, but suffers them to settle in Egypt; he does this, not from indolence, or because he is allured by the attractions of Egypt, or has become weary of the land of Canaan; but because he is preparing himself and his offspring to bear that tyranny, concerning which he had been forewarned by his father Isaac. Therefore he regards it as an advantage that, at his first coming, he is hospitably received; but, in the meantime, he revolves in his mind what had been spoken to Abraham.

Calvin: Gen 45:16 - And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh’s house 16.And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh’s house. What Moses now relates, was prior in the order of events. For before Joseph sent for his fath...

16.And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh’s house. What Moses now relates, was prior in the order of events. For before Joseph sent for his father, the report of the coming of his brethren had reached the palace. And Joseph would not have promised so confidently a home to his brethren in Egypt, except by the king’s permission. What, therefore, Moses had before briefly alluded to, he now more fully explains; namely, that the king, with a ready and cheerful mind, declared his high esteem for Joseph, in freely offering to his father and brethren, the most fertile part of Egypt for their dwelling. And from another statement of Moses it appears that, as long as he lived, the Israelites were treated with clemency and kindness. For, in Exo 1:8, the commencement of the tyranny and cruelty is said to have been made by his successor, to whom Joseph was unknown.

Calvin: Gen 45:22 - And to all of them he gave each man changes of raiment 22.And to all of them he gave each man changes of raiment. That he furnishes his brethren with supplies for their journey is not wonderful: but to wh...

22.And to all of them he gave each man changes of raiment. That he furnishes his brethren with supplies for their journey is not wonderful: but to what purpose was it that he loaded them with money and garments, seeing they would so soon return? I, indeed, do not doubt that he did it on account of his father and the wives of his brethren, in order that they might have less reluctance to leave the land of Canaan. For he knew that his message would scarcely be believed, unless some manifest tokens of its truth were presented. It might also be, that he not only endeavored to allure those who were absent, but that he also wished to testify, more and more, his love towards his brethren. But the former consideration has more weight with me, because he took greater care in furnishing Benjamin than the rest. Jerome has translated the expression, “changes of raiment,” by “two robes,” and other interpreters, following him, expound it as meaning “different kinds of garments.” I know not whether this be solid. I rather suppose they were elegant garments, such as were used at nuptials and on festal days; for I think that constant custom was silently opposed to this variety of dress.

Calvin: Gen 45:24 - See that ye fall not out by the way 24.See that ye fall not out by the way. Some explain the passage as meaning, that Joseph asks his brethren to be of tranquil mind, and not to disturb...

24.See that ye fall not out by the way. Some explain the passage as meaning, that Joseph asks his brethren to be of tranquil mind, and not to disturb themselves with needless fear; he rather exhorts them, however, to mutual peace. For, since the word רגז ( ragaz) sometimes signifies to tremble or be afraid, and sometimes, to make a tumult, the latter sense is the more appropriate: for we know that the children of God are not only easily appeased, if any one has injured them, but that they also desire others should live together in concord. Joseph was pacified towards his brethren; but at the same time he admonishes them not to stir up any strife among themselves. For there was reason to fear lest each, in attempting to excuse himself, should try to lay the blame on others, and thus contention would arise. We ought to imitate this kindness of Joseph; that we may prevent, as much as possible, quarrels and strifes of words; for Christ requires of his disciples, not only that they should be lovers of peace, but also that they should be peace-makers. Wherefore, it is our duty to remove, in time, all matter and occasion of strife. Besides, we must know, that what Joseph taught his brethren, is the command of the Spirit of God to us all; namely, that we should not be angry with each other. And because it generally happens that, in faults common to different parties, one maliciously accuses another; let each of us learn to acknowledge and confess his own fault, lest altercations should end in combats.

Calvin: Gen 45:26 - And Jacob’s heart fainted 26.And Jacob’s heart fainted. We know that some persons have fainted with sudden and unexpected joy. Therefore, certain interpreters suppose that t...

26.And Jacob’s heart fainted. We know that some persons have fainted with sudden and unexpected joy. Therefore, certain interpreters suppose that the heart of Jacob was, in a sense, suffocated, as if seized by a kind of ecstatic stupor. But Moses assigns a different cause; namely, that not having confidence in his sons, he was agitated between hope and fear. And we know, that they who are held in suspense, by hearing some incredible message, are struck with torpor, as if they were lifeless. It was not, therefore, a simple affection of joy, but a certain mingled perturbation which shook the mind of Jacob. Therefore, Moses shortly after says, that his spirit revived; when he, having returned to himself, and being composed in mind, believed that which he had heard to be true. And he shows that his love towards Joseph had not languished through length of time, inasmuch as he set no value upon his own life, except so far as it would permit him to enjoy a sight of Joseph. He had before assigned to himself continual sorrow, even to the grave; but now he declares that he shall have a joyful death.

Defender: Gen 45:1 - could not refrain himself This scene is surely one of the most dramatic confrontation and reunion scenes in all literature, but it is far more than literature. This was the eve...

This scene is surely one of the most dramatic confrontation and reunion scenes in all literature, but it is far more than literature. This was the event which established the miracle nation of Israel. This was the founding of that unique people through whom would be given to the world the Scriptures and of whom one day the Saviour would come. Had this scene not occurred, the children of Israel would soon have scattered and merged with the other peoples of the Middle East. It had been a long time in preparation, but God had a long-range goal.

Defender: Gen 45:1 - known unto his brethren There is a great similarity here to another dramatic confrontation that will come at the end of this age when the Lord Jesus Christ returns to meet Hi...

There is a great similarity here to another dramatic confrontation that will come at the end of this age when the Lord Jesus Christ returns to meet His brethren of the house of Israel, those who rejected Him and even urged His crucifixion, and who have continued to deny Him through all the centuries since. "And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for Him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn" (Zec 12:10). It is largely because of this striking parallel that many have taken Joseph to be a type of Christ even though the New Testament writers do not speak explicitly of such a comparison."

Defender: Gen 45:8 - but God This event is not only a stirring testimonial to the forgiving grace of Joseph, who was far more concerned with reconciliation than vengeance, but als...

This event is not only a stirring testimonial to the forgiving grace of Joseph, who was far more concerned with reconciliation than vengeance, but also of the truth of Rom 8:28, "all things work together for good to them that love God." For He "worketh all things after the counsel of His own will" (Eph 1:11)."

TSK: Gen 45:1 - could not // Cause could not : Gen 43:30, Gen 43:31; Isa 42:14; Jer 20:9 Cause : 2Sa 1:20; Mat 18:15; Act 10:41; 1Co 13:5

TSK: Gen 45:2 - wept aloud wept aloud : Heb. gave forth his voice in weeping, ""This,""says Sir J. Chardin, ""is exactly the genius of the people of Asia; their sentiments of jo...

wept aloud : Heb. gave forth his voice in weeping, ""This,""says Sir J. Chardin, ""is exactly the genius of the people of Asia; their sentiments of joy or grief are properly transports, and their transports are ungoverned, excessive, and truly outrageous. When anyone returns from a long journey or dies, his family burst into cries that may be heard twenty doors off; and this is renewed at different times, and continues many days, according to the vigour of the passion. Sometimes they cease all at once, and then begin as suddenly, with a greater shrillness and loudness than one could easily imagine.""Num 14:1; Rth 1:9; 2Ki 20:3; Act 20:37

TSK: Gen 45:3 - I am Joseph // for they // troubled I am Joseph : Mat 14:27; Act 7:13, Act 9:5 for they : Job 4:5, Job 23:15; Zec 12:10; Mat 14:26; Mar 6:50; Luk 5:8, Luk 24:37, Luk 24:38; Rev 1:7 troub...

I am Joseph : Mat 14:27; Act 7:13, Act 9:5

for they : Job 4:5, Job 23:15; Zec 12:10; Mat 14:26; Mar 6:50; Luk 5:8, Luk 24:37, Luk 24:38; Rev 1:7

troubled : or, terrified

TSK: Gen 45:4 - I am Joseph I am Joseph : Gen 37:28, Gen 50:18; Mat 14:27; Act 9:5

TSK: Gen 45:5 - be not grieved // nor angry with yourselves // God be not grieved : Isa 40:1, Isa 40:2; Luk 23:34; 2Co 2:7, 2Co 2:11 nor angry with yourselves : Heb. neither let there be anger in your eyes God : Gen 4...

be not grieved : Isa 40:1, Isa 40:2; Luk 23:34; 2Co 2:7, 2Co 2:11

nor angry with yourselves : Heb. neither let there be anger in your eyes

God : Gen 45:7, Gen 45:8, Gen 47:25, Gen 50:20; 1Sa 1:19; 2Sa 12:12, 2Sa 16:10-12, 2Sa 17:14; Job 1:21; Psa 105:16, Psa 105:17; Act 2:23, Act 2:24, Act 4:24-28, Act 7:9-15

TSK: Gen 45:6 - two years // earing two years : Gen 41:29-31, Gen 41:54, Gen 41:56, Gen 47:18 earing : Earing means ploughing or seed-time from the Anglo-Saxon erian , probably from ar...

two years : Gen 41:29-31, Gen 41:54, Gen 41:56, Gen 47:18

earing : Earing means ploughing or seed-time from the Anglo-Saxon erian , probably from aro , to plough; and agrees with αροω [Strong’ s G723], Greek, charatha , Arabic, and charash , Hebrew. Gen 47:23; Exo 34:21; Deu 21:4; 1Sa 8:12; Isa 30:24

TSK: Gen 45:7 - to preserve you a posterity to preserve you a posterity : Heb. to put for you a remnant, to save. Jdg 15:18; 1Ch 11:14; Psa 18:50, Psa 44:4; Act 7:35

to preserve you a posterity : Heb. to put for you a remnant, to save. Jdg 15:18; 1Ch 11:14; Psa 18:50, Psa 44:4; Act 7:35

TSK: Gen 45:8 - it was not // father it was not : Gen 45:5; Joh 15:16, Joh 19:11; Rom 9:16 father : Gen 41:39-48; Jdg 17:10; Job 29:16; Psa 105:21, Psa 105:22

TSK: Gen 45:9 - Thus saith // come Thus saith : Gen 45:26-28 come : Gen 45:13, Gen 45:19, Gen 45:20

Thus saith : Gen 45:26-28

come : Gen 45:13, Gen 45:19, Gen 45:20

TSK: Gen 45:10 - in the land // Goshen // be near in the land : Gen 46:29, Gen 46:34, Gen 47:1-6; Exo 8:22, Exo 9:26 Goshen : Goshen was the most eastern district of Lower Egypt, and the frontier of t...

in the land : Gen 46:29, Gen 46:34, Gen 47:1-6; Exo 8:22, Exo 9:26

Goshen : Goshen was the most eastern district of Lower Egypt, and the frontier of that country and Arabia, not far from the Arabian gulf, and lying next to Canaan; for Jacob went directly thither when he came into Egypt, from which it was about eighty miles distant, though Hebron was distant from the Egyptian capital about three hundred miles.

be near : Joh 14:2, Joh 14:3, Joh 17:24

TSK: Gen 45:11 - -- Gen 47:6, Gen 47:12; Mat 15:5, Mat 15:6; Mar 7:9-12; 1Ti 5:4

TSK: Gen 45:12 - your eyes // my mouth your eyes : Gen 42:23; Luk 24:39; Joh 20:27 my mouth : Not as Gen 42:23

your eyes : Gen 42:23; Luk 24:39; Joh 20:27

my mouth : Not as Gen 42:23

TSK: Gen 45:13 - my glory // bring my glory : Joh 17:24; 1Pe 1:10-12; Rev 21:23 bring : Act 7:14

my glory : Joh 17:24; 1Pe 1:10-12; Rev 21:23

bring : Act 7:14

TSK: Gen 45:14 - -- Gen 29:11, Gen 33:4, Gen 46:29; Rom 1:31

TSK: Gen 45:15 - Moreover // talked Moreover : Gen 45:2, Gen 29:11, Gen 29:13, Gen 33:4; Exo 4:27; Rth 1:9, Rth 1:14; 1Sa 10:1, 1Sa 20:41; 2Sa 14:33; Luk 15:20; Act 20:37 talked : Psa 77...

TSK: Gen 45:16 - it pleased Pharaoh well it pleased Pharaoh well : Heb. was good in the eyes of Pharaoh, Gen 16:6, Gen 20:15, Gen 34:18, Gen 41:33; Deu 1:33; 2Sa 3:36; 2Ch 30:4; Est 1:21, Est...

it pleased Pharaoh well : Heb. was good in the eyes of Pharaoh, Gen 16:6, Gen 20:15, Gen 34:18, Gen 41:33; Deu 1:33; 2Sa 3:36; 2Ch 30:4; Est 1:21, Est 2:4; Est 5:14; Act 6:5

TSK: Gen 45:17 - lade your lade your : Gen 42:25, Gen 42:26, Gen 44:1, Gen 44:2

TSK: Gen 45:18 - the fat the fat : Gen 27:28, Gen 47:6; Num 18:12, Num 18:29; Deu 32:14; Psa 81:16, Psa 147:14; Isa 28:1, Isa 28:4

TSK: Gen 45:19 - commanded // wagons // for your commanded : Isa 49:1, Isa 49:23 wagons : Gen 45:27, Gen 46:5 for your : Gen 31:17, Gen 31:18

commanded : Isa 49:1, Isa 49:23

wagons : Gen 45:27, Gen 46:5

for your : Gen 31:17, Gen 31:18

TSK: Gen 45:20 - regard not // stuff // the good regard not : Heb. let not your eye spare, etc. Deu 7:16, Deu 19:13, Deu 19:21; Isa 13:18; Eze 7:4, Eze 7:9, Eze 9:5, Eze 20:17 stuff : Exo 22:7; Jos 7...

TSK: Gen 45:21 - wagons // commandment wagons : Gen 45:19, Gen 45:27, Gen 46:5; Num 7:3-9; Eze 23:24 commandment : Heb. mouth, Gen 45:19; Exo 17:1; Num 3:16; 2Ch 8:13, 2Ch 35:16; Ecc 8:2; L...

TSK: Gen 45:22 - To all // each // to Benjamin To all : It is a common custom with all the Asiatic sovereigns to give both garments and money to ambassadors and persons of distinction, whom they pa...

To all : It is a common custom with all the Asiatic sovereigns to give both garments and money to ambassadors and persons of distinction, whom they particularly wish to honour. De la Motraye says, ""that they then clothed them (the ambassadors) with caffetans (long vests of gold or silver brocade) with large silk flowers."

each : Jdg 14:12, Jdg 14:19; 2Ki 5:5, 2Ki 5:22, 2Ki 5:23; Rev 6:11

to Benjamin : Gen 43:34

TSK: Gen 45:23 - laden with // good things // meat laden with : Heb. carrying, Gen 45:17 good things : Gen 24:10, Gen 43:11; Exo 16:3 meat : As mazon is derived from zoon , to prepare, provide, Dr...

laden with : Heb. carrying, Gen 45:17

good things : Gen 24:10, Gen 43:11; Exo 16:3

meat : As mazon is derived from zoon , to prepare, provide, Dr. A. Clarke thinks it may mean here prepared meat; some made-up dish, delicacies, confectionaries, etc. In Asiatic countries they have several curious methods of preserving flesh by potting, by which it may be kept, for any length of time, sweet and wholesome. Some delicacy, similar to the savoury meat which Isaac loved, may here be intended; sent to Jacob in consideration of his age, and to testify the respect of his son; for of other kinds of meat he could have no need, as he had large flocks and herds, and could kill a lamb, kid, etc. when he pleased.

TSK: Gen 45:24 - See that See that : Gen 37:22, Gen 42:21, Gen 42:22; Psa 133:1-3; Joh 13:34, Joh 13:35; Eph 4:31, Eph 4:32; Phi 2:2-5; Col 3:12, Col 3:13; 1Th 5:13

TSK: Gen 45:26 - Joseph // and he is // And Jacob’ s // he believed Joseph : Luk 24:34 and he is : Gen 45:8, Gen 45:9; Psa 105:21 And Jacob’ s : Heb. And his, Gen 37:35, Gen 42:36, Gen 42:38, Gen 44:28; Jon 2:7 he...

Joseph : Luk 24:34

and he is : Gen 45:8, Gen 45:9; Psa 105:21

And Jacob’ s : Heb. And his, Gen 37:35, Gen 42:36, Gen 42:38, Gen 44:28; Jon 2:7

he believed : Job 9:16, Job 29:24; Psa 126:1; Luk 24:11, Luk 24:41

TSK: Gen 45:27 - the spirit the spirit : Jdg 15:19; 1Sa 30:12; Psa 85:6; Isa 57:15; Hos 6:2

TSK: Gen 45:28 - It is enough It is enough : Gen 46:30; Luk 2:28-30; Joh 16:21, Joh 16:22

kecilkan semua
Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Gen 45:1 - Cause every man to go out from me Cause every man to go out from me remove all the Egyptians out of my presence and chamber. Which he did, partly that he might maintain the honour of...

Cause every man to go out from me remove all the Egyptians out of my presence and chamber. Which he did, partly that he might maintain the honour of his place, and not make himself cheap and contemptible to the Egyptians, by his excessive tears and passions, and by his free, and familiar, and affectionate converse with his brethren; and partly to preserve the reputation of his brethren, by concealing their fault from the Egyptians.

Poole: Gen 45:2 - The Egyptians, and the house of Pharaoh His tears and voice which had been hitherto kept in by main force, now breaking forth with greater violence. The Egyptians, and the house of Pharao...

His tears and voice which had been hitherto kept in by main force, now breaking forth with greater violence.

The Egyptians, and the house of Pharaoh some who were near, with their own ears, and others by report.

Poole: Gen 45:3 - They were troubled at his presence He repeats his former question, Gen 43:27 , either because he questioned the truth of their former relation, or would be further satisfied in it, it...

He repeats his former question, Gen 43:27 , either because he questioned the truth of their former relation, or would be further satisfied in it, it being usual with men to ask over and over again what they long to know; or because he now desired a more particular relation of his father’ s condition, and how he did bear up under all his calamities.

They were troubled at his presence from a sudden and deep sense of their horrid guilt, and their just fear of some dreadful punishment.

Poole: Gen 45:4 - Come near to me // Sold into Egypt Come near to me be not afraid of me, but come nearer to me with cheerfulness and confidence, that you may be assured that I am he, and that we may mo...

Come near to me be not afraid of me, but come nearer to me with cheerfulness and confidence, that you may be assured that I am he, and that we may more freely and privately discourse together, so as none others may hear. It is probable that Joseph sat in state, and that they hitherto kept a due distance from him.

Sold into Egypt i.e. sold unto them that brought me into Egypt, and sold me there: see Gen 37:28 39:1 . So they sold him into Egypt occasionally and eventually.

Poole: Gen 45:5 - Nor angry with yourselves // to preserve life 1706 Be not grieved to wit, immoderately, and for the injury which you did to me, or for the danger which you have brought upon yourselves. Other...

1706 Be not grieved to wit, immoderately, and for the injury which you did to me, or for the danger which you have brought upon yourselves. Otherwise he doth not dissuade them from a godly sorrow for their offence against God, for the procurement of which he dcsigned and used that strange and rough carriage towards them.

Nor angry with yourselves neither excessively torment yourselves with the remembrance of the fact, neither break forth into contentions and wrath, and upbraidings of one another; for God by his wise, powerful, and gracious providence overruled your evil intentions to a happy end,

to preserve life not only your lives, for the expression is here indefinite and general, but the lives of all the people in this and the neighbouring countries; which though it doth not lessen your sin, yet ought to qualify your sorrow.

Poole: Gen 45:6 - -- Neither sowing nor reaping, except in a few places near Nilus, because the people could not spare seed-corn, and would not lose it; understanding fr...

Neither sowing nor reaping, except in a few places near Nilus, because the people could not spare seed-corn, and would not lose it; understanding from Joseph that their cost and labour would be lost, and that the famine would be of long continuance.

Poole: Gen 45:7 - By a great deliverance That you and your children might be sustained and preserved in this time of famine, and afterwards abundantly multiplied, as God hath promised. By ...

That you and your children might be sustained and preserved in this time of famine, and afterwards abundantly multiplied, as God hath promised.

By a great deliverance or, for a great remnant, or escaping, i.e. that you who are now but a handful, escaping this danger, may grow into a vast multitude. The word evasion, or escaping, is here put for the persons that do escape, as it is 2Ch 30:6 Isa 10:20 ; and as captivity is oft put for the captives, as it is Num 21:1 Deu 21:10 . And so what was said in the former clause is repeated in this with all emphatical addition.

Poole: Gen 45:8 - A father to Pharaoh That I came to this place, and pitch of honour and power, is not to be imputed to your design, which was of another nature, but to God’ s overr...

That I came to this place, and pitch of honour and power, is not to be imputed to your design, which was of another nature, but to God’ s overruling providence, which ordered the circumstances of your action, so as I should be brought to this place and state. Compare Gen 50:20 .

A father to Pharaoh to advise him, and to provide for him, as fathers do for their children, and to have the authority, respect, and power of a father with him.

Poole: Gen 45:10 - Goshen Goshen a part of Egypt bordering upon Canaan, well watered and fit for cattle, and therefore most proper for the Israelites, not only for present use...

Goshen a part of Egypt bordering upon Canaan, well watered and fit for cattle, and therefore most proper for the Israelites, not only for present use, and to keep them at some distance from the inward parts of Egypt, and from the court, but also that they might have Canaan always in their eye and mind, and in God’ s time might with least disadvantage march thither. Joseph promiseth this place, either because it was least inhabited, being in the borders of the land, or because he justly presumed upon the king’ s favour, and knew that the growing famine would give him opportunity to dispose of the people as he pleased.

Poole: Gen 45:12 - -- Because I speak to you not by an interpreter, as hitherto I have done, but immediately, and in the Hebrew language.

Because I speak to you not by an interpreter, as hitherto I have done, but immediately, and in the Hebrew language.

Poole: Gen 45:15 - -- To wit, freely and familiarly, being encouraged by his kindness.

To wit, freely and familiarly, being encouraged by his kindness.

Poole: Gen 45:16 - -- Because they all owed their lives unto Joseph, and his favour was now fresh and present, and therefore he had more influence upon them, and they mor...

Because they all owed their lives unto Joseph, and his favour was now fresh and present, and therefore he had more influence upon them, and they more kindness for him.

Poole: Gen 45:18 - Fat The choicest fruits of the land. Fat oft is put for the best of my sort, as Num 18:12,29 De 32:14 Psa 63:5 147:14 .

The choicest fruits of the land.

Fat oft is put for the best of my sort, as Num 18:12,29 De 32:14 Psa 63:5 147:14 .

Poole: Gen 45:19 - -- Besides that absolute power which I have given thee to dispose of all things as thou pleasest, I do particularly and especially command thee to do t...

Besides that absolute power which I have given thee to dispose of all things as thou pleasest, I do particularly and especially command thee to do this thing.

Poole: Gen 45:20 - Regard not your stuff Regard not your stuff Heb. let not your eye pity or spare any part of your stuff, as loth to leave it behind you, or afraid to lose it. Sparing ...

Regard not your stuff Heb. let not your eye pity or spare any part of your stuff, as loth to leave it behind you, or afraid to lose it. Sparing or pitying is an act of the mind, but it is ascribed to the eye here, as also Eze 7:4,9 16:5 ; partly, because there it discovers itself by tears, or otherwise; and partly, because the sight of the eye doth oft affect the heart, and move pity.

Poole: Gen 45:22 - Changes of raiment Changes of raiment new and handsome garments, which upon their coming into Pharaoh’ s presence, and on other occasions, they might wear instead ...

Changes of raiment new and handsome garments, which upon their coming into Pharaoh’ s presence, and on other occasions, they might wear instead of those more old and homely ones, which they brought with them from Canaan. Compare Jud 14:12,19 2Ki 5:5 .

Poole: Gen 45:23 - After this manner After this manner Heb. according to this. What? Either what went before, changes of raiment, or what follows, ten asses, & c. Or, contend, ...

After this manner Heb. according to this. What? Either what went before, changes of raiment, or what follows, ten asses, & c.

Or, contend, one with another, each vindicating himself, and laying the blame upon his brother.

Poole: Gen 45:24 - -- Or contend one with another, each vindicating himself, and laying the blame upon his brother.

Or contend one with another, each vindicating himself, and laying the blame upon his brother.

Poole: Gen 45:26 - Jacob’ s heart fainted // He believed them not Jacob’ s heart fainted or, was weakened, or failed, he fell into a swoon, as it is ordinary, because of the greatness and suddenness of th...

Jacob’ s heart fainted or, was weakened, or failed, he fell into a swoon, as it is ordinary, because of the greatness and suddenness of the news, and the conflict of contrary and violent passions, raised hereby; grief at the remembrance of his former loss, and excessive joy for Joseph’ s recovery and felicity; hope that this might be true, and fear lest it should be but a fiction of theirs: any one of these passions are able to cause a fainting of the spirits, but much more when all meet together, especially in an aged person.

He believed them not partly because of the greatness, and strangeness, and desirableness of the thing; compare Psa 126:1 ; and partly because they were by this very relation convicted of one lie about Joseph, in saying that he was dead, and therefore might easily be thought guilty of another.

Poole: Gen 45:28 - -- I desire no more, no greater happiness in this world, than to see him; which when I have done, I am willing to die.

I desire no more, no greater happiness in this world, than to see him; which when I have done, I am willing to die.

Haydock: Gen 45:2 - Weeping Weeping, with a loud cry, being unable to restrain himself. The servants, who were in the adjoining apartments, heard this cry and declaration of Jo...

Weeping, with a loud cry, being unable to restrain himself. The servants, who were in the adjoining apartments, heard this cry and declaration of Joseph, acknowledging one common father with these men; and they presently conveyed the intelligence to the king. (Haydock)

Haydock: Gen 45:4 - Nearer Nearer; that no one might hear what he was going to say respecting their fault. (Menochius) --- It is thus we ought to treat those who have injured...

Nearer; that no one might hear what he was going to say respecting their fault. (Menochius) ---

It is thus we ought to treat those who have injured us. He excuses his brethren as much as possible. (Haydock) See chap. l. 20.

Haydock: Gen 45:5 - Hard Hard. Hebrew, "Be not indignant in your eyes." Perhaps he was afraid, lest they should begin to accuse one another, as the authors of the deed, and...

Hard. Hebrew, "Be not indignant in your eyes." Perhaps he was afraid, lest they should begin to accuse one another, as the authors of the deed, and thus disturb the harmony of this reconciliation. He perfectly understands the conduct of divine Providence, which can draw good out of evil, and cause even the malice of men to co-operate in the execution of his designs. (Calmet) ---

God did not sanction or will this malice, as Calvin, &c., impiously assert. (Tirinus)

Haydock: Gen 45:6 - Reaping Reaping, as in common years, thought he places near the Nile might produce some little; (Menochius) and hence the Egyptians ask Joseph for seed, chap...

Reaping, as in common years, thought he places near the Nile might produce some little; (Menochius) and hence the Egyptians ask Joseph for seed, chap. xlvii. 19. (Calmet)

Haydock: Gen 45:8 - Counsel Counsel. Joseph's brethren had no design of elevating him to so high a dignity; but God's will directed Pharao to appoint him his counsellor or pr...

Counsel. Joseph's brethren had no design of elevating him to so high a dignity; but God's will directed Pharao to appoint him his counsellor or prime minister. His father. (Haydock) ---

So the Roman emperors styled the prefects of the Prætorium, and the Caliphs their chief minister. (Calmet)

Haydock: Gen 45:10 - Gessen Gessen, to the north-east of Egypt, near me, at Tanis, in the Delta and near the promised land, being a part of Arabia. (Haydock) --- Heliopolis,...

Gessen, to the north-east of Egypt, near me, at Tanis, in the Delta and near the promised land, being a part of Arabia. (Haydock) ---

Heliopolis, where many suppose Joseph resided, is situated in the same canton, and was one of the chief cities after Ramesse, the capital, chap. xlvi. 28. This country is often refreshed by showers of rain, (Calmet) which never falls in most parts of Egypt. It is intersected by many canals, and is very rich and proper for pasturage. (Haydock)

Haydock: Gen 45:11 - Perish Perish. Hebrew, be reduced to poverty. He fed them like the priests, chap. xlvii. 12, 22. (Calmet)

Perish. Hebrew, be reduced to poverty. He fed them like the priests, chap. xlvii. 12, 22. (Calmet)

Haydock: Gen 45:12 - My mouth My mouth. You now recognize my features and my speech; particularly you, my dear Benjamin. (Haydock) --- I speak no longer by an interpreter. (Me...

My mouth. You now recognize my features and my speech; particularly you, my dear Benjamin. (Haydock) ---

I speak no longer by an interpreter. (Menochius)

Haydock: Gen 45:16 - Family Family, and courtiers. They were all so enraptured with Joseph's conduct, that they rejoiced in whatever gave him pleasure. (Menochius) --- They t...

Family, and courtiers. They were all so enraptured with Joseph's conduct, that they rejoiced in whatever gave him pleasure. (Menochius) ---

They thought, perhaps, that his relations would resemble him, and be of service to Egypt. (Haydock)

Haydock: Gen 45:18 - Marrow Marrow; which is an emphatical expression, to signify the best things of Egypt, Chaldean. Hebrew, "the fat, or the cream of the land." (Calmet)

Marrow; which is an emphatical expression, to signify the best things of Egypt, Chaldean. Hebrew, "the fat, or the cream of the land." (Calmet)

Haydock: Gen 45:20 - Leave nothing Leave nothing. Hebrew may have another meaning, which Calmet approves, "Let not your eye spare your furniture." Be not concerned to leave what may ...

Leave nothing. Hebrew may have another meaning, which Calmet approves, "Let not your eye spare your furniture." Be not concerned to leave what may be useless, as most of the husbandry utensils would be in Egypt, "for all," &c.

Haydock: Gen 45:22 - Two robes // Of silver Two robes ( stolas ) hanging down to the feet. These properly belong to women. But they are worn by men in the East. It was customary to make pres...

Two robes ( stolas ) hanging down to the feet. These properly belong to women. But they are worn by men in the East. It was customary to make presents of such robes, as it is still among the great men and kings of that country. Lucullus kept 6000 cloaks in his wardrobe. (Horat. 1. sat. 2.) (Calmet) ---

Of silver, sicles. The Septuagint has "of gold," as also chap. xxxvii. 28.

Haydock: Gen 45:23 - As much...besides // She-asses // Bread As much...besides. This is omitted in Hebrew or at least is left ambiguous, "He sent in like manner to his father ten," &c. But the Syriac and Sept...

As much...besides. This is omitted in Hebrew or at least is left ambiguous, "He sent in like manner to his father ten," &c. But the Syriac and Septuagint explain it like the Vulgate. ---

She-asses. Septuagint, "mules." ---

Bread. Hebrew adds, "meat," or provisions. (Calmet) ---

These presents might convince Jacob that Joseph was still alive. (Haydock)

Haydock: Gen 45:24 - Angry Angry. A prudent admonition at all times, but particularly now, to Joseph's brethren; lest reflecting on his excessive kindness, they should each wi...

Angry. A prudent admonition at all times, but particularly now, to Joseph's brethren; lest reflecting on his excessive kindness, they should each wish to remove from themselves the stigma of cruelty towards him, by throwing it upon others. (Haydock) ---

Hebrew may be rendered, "fear not." (Calmet)

Haydock: Gen 45:26 - He awaked He awaked, &c. His heart was overpowered between hope and distrust. He seemed to himself to be dreaming. Septuagint, "in an ecstacy." Such a sudde...

He awaked, &c. His heart was overpowered between hope and distrust. He seemed to himself to be dreaming. Septuagint, "in an ecstacy." Such a sudden transition has oftentimes caused death. (Haydock)

Haydock: Gen 45:27 - Revived Revived; like a lamp, which was just going out, for want of oil, resumes fresh vigour when a new supply is poured in. (St. Chrysostom)

Revived; like a lamp, which was just going out, for want of oil, resumes fresh vigour when a new supply is poured in. (St. Chrysostom)

Gill: Gen 45:1 - Then Joseph could not refrain himself // before all them that stood before him // and he cried // cause every man to go out from me // and there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren Then Joseph could not refrain himself,.... That he should not weep, as the Targum of Jonathan adds; at least he could not much longer refrain from tea...

Then Joseph could not refrain himself,.... That he should not weep, as the Targum of Jonathan adds; at least he could not much longer refrain from tears, such an effect Judah's speech had on his passions:

before all them that stood before him; his servants that attended him and waited upon him, the steward of his house, and others, upon whose account he put such a force upon himself, to keep in his passions from giving vent, that they might not discover the inward motions of his mind; but not being able to conceal them any longer:

and he cried; or called out with a loud voice, and an air of authority:

cause every man to go out from me; out of the room in which he and his brethren were; perhaps this order was given to the steward of the house to depart himself, and to remove every inferior officer and servant upon the spot; or other people that might be come in to hear the trial of those men, and to see how they would be dealt with:

and there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren; not that Joseph was ashamed of them, and of owning before them the relation he stood in to them; but that they might not see the confusion his brethren would be thrown into, and have knowledge of the sin they had been guilty of in selling him which could not fail of being mentioned by him, and confessed by them; and besides, it was not suitable to his grandeur and dignity to be seen in such an extreme passion he was now going into.

Gill: Gen 45:2 - And he wept aloud // and the Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard And he wept aloud,....; Or "gave forth his voice in weeping" r; as he wept he cried aloud; for having put such a violent restraint on himself, as the ...

And he wept aloud,....; Or "gave forth his voice in weeping" r; as he wept he cried aloud; for having put such a violent restraint on himself, as the flood of tears was the greater, so his voice was the stronger and louder for it:

and the Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard; the Egyptians, that were in the room or rooms adjoining to that where Joseph was, heard his cry, and perhaps a great deal of what was said; which they soon reported to others, and it quickly reached Pharaoh's court, which might not be at any great distance.

Gill: Gen 45:3 - And Joseph said unto his brethren, I am Joseph // doth my father yet live // and his brethren could not answer him // for they were troubled at his presence And Joseph said unto his brethren, I am Joseph,.... As soon as he could compose himself a little, and utter his words, the first thing he said was, t...

And Joseph said unto his brethren, I am Joseph,.... As soon as he could compose himself a little, and utter his words, the first thing he said was, that he was Joseph; that was his right name, his Hebrew name; though he was called by the Egyptians Zaphnathpaaneah, and by which name Joseph's brethren only knew him, if they knew his name at all; and it must be very startling to them to bear this sound, and to be told by himself that that was his name; and which was not all he meant and they understood, but that he was Joseph their brother as afterwards expressed:

doth my father yet live? this he knew before, for they had told him he was alive; wherefore he puts this question not through ignorance, or as doubting but to express his affliction for his father, and his joy that he was alive:

and his brethren could not answer him; they were so surprised and astonished; they were like men thunderstruck, they were not able to utter a word for awhile:

for they were troubled at his presence; the sin of selling him came fresh into their minds, the guilt of it pressed their consciences, and the circumstances that Joseph was in filled them with fear that he would avenge himself on them.

Gill: Gen 45:4 - And Joseph said unto his brethren, come near to me, I pray you // and they came near, and he said, I am Joseph your brother // whom ye sold into Egypt And Joseph said unto his brethren, come near to me, I pray you,.... Very probably Joseph sat in a chair of state while they were under examination, an...

And Joseph said unto his brethren, come near to me, I pray you,.... Very probably Joseph sat in a chair of state while they were under examination, and through reverence of him they kept at a proper distance; or being frightened at what he had said, he might observe them drawing back, as Jarchi remarks, and so encourages them in a kind and tender manner to return and come nearer to him, and the rather, that they might more privately converse together without being overheard; as also that they might, by approaching him discern and call to mind some of his features still remaining, by which they might be assured he was Joseph indeed:

and they came near, and he said, I am Joseph your brother; not only his name was Joseph, but he was that Joseph that was their brother; he claims and owns the relation between them, which must be very affecting to them, who had used him so unkindly:

whom ye sold into Egypt: which is added, not so much to put them in mind of and upbraid them with their sin, but to assure them that he was really their brother Joseph; which he could not have related had he not been he, as well as to lead on to what he had further to say to them for their comfort.

Gill: Gen 45:5 - Now therefore be not grieved // nor angry with yourselves, that ye sold me hither // for God did send me before you to preserve life Now therefore be not grieved,.... To an excess, so as to be swallowed up with overmuch sorrow; otherwise it became them to be grieved for their sin, a...

Now therefore be not grieved,.... To an excess, so as to be swallowed up with overmuch sorrow; otherwise it became them to be grieved for their sin, and to show a godly sorrow and true repentance for it:

nor angry with yourselves, that ye sold me hither; reflect upon themselves, and afflict themselves in an immoderate way; or break forth into anger and wrath with one another, upbraiding and blaming each other for their conduct in that affair, and so foment contentions and quarrels among themselves:

for God did send me before you to preserve life; the life of thousands of persons in Egypt, Canaan, and other countries; and particularly to preserve their lives was he sent before them into Egypt; where, by interpretation Pharaoh's dreams, by which he understood and did foretell the seven years of plenty and seven years of famine, he was to great honour and trust, and laid up a sufficiency of corn in the time of plenty to answer the exigencies of various countries in the time of famine, and, among the rest, of his own family; and therefore would have this attributed by them to the wise disposing providence of God.

Gill: Gen 45:6 - For these two years hath the famine been, in the land // and yet there are five years // in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest For these two years hath the famine been, in the land,.... In the land of Egypt and in the countries round about: and yet there are five years; ...

For these two years hath the famine been, in the land,.... In the land of Egypt and in the countries round about:

and yet there are five years; still remaining, which he knew by the above dreams and the interpretation of them:

in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest; that is, no tillage of land, neither ploughing nor sowing, and so no reaping, or gathering in of the fruits of the earth, as used to be in harvest; at least, there would be very little ground tilled, only it may be on the banks of the Nile, since they had no corn to spare for seed; and besides, as the Egyptians knew by Joseph's prediction that the Nile would not overflow, it was to no purpose to attempt to plough their land, which through seven years of drought was become very difficult, or to sow, could they get the seed into the ground, since there was no likelihood of its springing up again.

Gill: Gen 45:7 - And God sent me before you // to preserve you a posterity in the earth // and to save your lives by a great deliverance And God sent me before you,.... This he repeats to impress the minds of his brethren with a sense of the good providence of God in bringing him to Egy...

And God sent me before you,.... This he repeats to impress the minds of his brethren with a sense of the good providence of God in bringing him to Egypt before them, to make provision for their future welfare, and to alleviate their grief, and prevent an excessive sorrow for their selling him into Egypt, when by the overruling hand of God it proved so salutary to them:

to preserve you a posterity in the earth; that they and theirs might not perish, which otherwise, in all human probability, must have been the case; and that the promise of the multiplication of Abraham's seed might not be made of none effect, but continue to take place, from whence the Messiah was to spring:

and to save your lives by a great deliverance; from the extreme danger they were exposed unto, through the terrible famine, and in which deliverance were to be observed the great wisdom, goodness, power, and providence of God.

Gill: Gen 45:8 - So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God // and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh // and lord of all his house // and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God,.... Which is to be understood not absolutely, as if they had no concern at all in sending him th...

So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God,.... Which is to be understood not absolutely, as if they had no concern at all in sending him thither; they sold him to the Ishmaelites, who brought him down to Egypt and sold him to Potiphar, and so were instrumental in his coming to Egypt; but comparatively, it was not they so much as God that sent him; whose providence directed, disposed, and overruled all those events, to bring Joseph to this place, and to such an high station, to answer the purposes and designs of God in providing for and preserving Jacob's family in a time of distress:

and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh: to be a teacher to him, as Aben Ezra, that is, to be his counsellor, to advise him well in all things, as a father his children; or to be his partner and patron, as Jarchi, to have a share with him in power and authority, and to be reckoned as a father to him, see Gen 41:43; and to provide for him and the welfare of his kingdom, as parents do for their children: the following phrases explain it of rule and government; and the meaning is, that he was a great man, and a prince s in Pharaoh's court:

and lord of all his house; his prime minister, chief counsellor and courtier:

and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt; to whom all the deputies of the several provinces were subject under Pharaoh, and especially in the affair of the corn.

Gill: Gen 45:9 - Haste you, and go up to my father // and say unto him, thus saith thy son Joseph // God hath made me lord over all Egypt // come down unto me, tarry not Haste you, and go up to my father,.... In Canaan, which lay higher than Egypt; being desirous he should know as soon as possible that he was alive, an...

Haste you, and go up to my father,.... In Canaan, which lay higher than Egypt; being desirous he should know as soon as possible that he was alive, and in what circumstances he was:

and say unto him, thus saith thy son Joseph; without any title, such as the father and counsellor of Pharaoh and governor of Egypt, only Joseph his son, which would be enough to revive the heart of Jacob:

God hath made me lord over all Egypt: his exaltation to this dignity he ascribes, not to Pharaoh, but to God; civil honour and promotion to worldly grandeur and dignity are from God, and not from man:

come down unto me, tarry not; the great business on his hands not permitting him to go to his father and fetch him to Egypt, he desires that he would come to him without delay, which would be greatly to the advantage of him and his family, and to their mutual comfort.

Gill: Gen 45:10 - And thou shall dwell in the land of Goshen // and thou shalt be near unto me // thou and thy children, and thy children's children // and thy flocks, and thy herds, and all that thou hast And thou shall dwell in the land of Goshen,.... Called by Artapanus t Kaisan or Kessan; the Septuagint version Gesan of Arabia, as it was that part of...

And thou shall dwell in the land of Goshen,.... Called by Artapanus t Kaisan or Kessan; the Septuagint version Gesan of Arabia, as it was that part of Egypt which bordered on Arabia: it seems to be the same with the land of Rameses, see Gen 47:11; and the Heliopolitan home, which, Strabo u says, was reckoned to be in Arabia, and in which were both the city of Heliopolis and the city Heroopolis, according to Ptolemy w; for in the Septuagint version of Gen 46:28, instead of Goshen is Heroopolis, or the city of the Heroes in the land of Rameses, with which agrees Josephus x: wherefore Dr. Shaw y observes, the land of Rameses or Goshen could be no other than the Heliopolitan home, taking in that part of Arabia which lay bounded near Heliopolis by the Nile, and near Heroopolis by the correspondent part of the Red Sea. Now either before this time Joseph had got a grant of this country, of Pharaoh, to dispose of at pleasure, or he had so much power and authority of himself as to put his father into it: or it may be, it was the domains of his father in law the priest of On, since On or Onii, according to Ptolemy z, was the metropolis of the Heliopolitan home, and by some thought to be Heliopolis itself, and perhaps might be Joseph's own country, which he had with the daughter of the priest of On: indeed if what the Jewish writers say a, that Pharaoh, king of Egypt in Abraham's time, gave to Sarah the land of Goshen for an inheritance, and therefore the Israelites dwelt in it, because it was Sarah their "mother's"; it would account for Joseph's proposing to put them into the possession of it without the leave of Pharaoh; but Goshen seems to have been in the grant of Pharaoh, who agreed and confirmed what Joseph proposed, Gen 47:6,

and thou shalt be near unto me; as he would be in Goshen, if Memphis was the royal seat at this time, as some think b, and not Tanis or Zoan; or Heliopolis, or both, in their turn; and Artapanus c is express for it, that Memphis was the seat of that king of Egypt, in whose court Moses was brought up; and especially Heliopolis, nay be thought to be so, if Joseph dwelt at On or Heliopolis, where his father in law was priest or prince, which was near if not in Goshen itself: and according to Bunting d, On or Oni was the metropolis of Goshen; and Leo Africanus says e, that the sahidic province, in which was Fium, where the Israelites dwelt, see Gen 47:11, was the seat of the nobility of the ancient Egyptians:

thou and thy children, and thy children's children: for Jacob's sons had all of them children, even Benjamin the youngest, as appears from the following chapter:

and thy flocks, and thy herds, and all that thou hast; and Goshen, being a place of pasturage, was fit and suitable for them; and so Josephus says f, of Heliopolis, which he takes to be the place where Jacob was placed, that there the king's shepherds had their pastures.

Gill: Gen 45:11 - And there will I nourish thee // for yet there are five years of famine // lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to poverty And there will I nourish thee,.... Provide for him and his family: for yet there are five years of famine; still to come, two of the seven only be...

And there will I nourish thee,.... Provide for him and his family:

for yet there are five years of famine; still to come, two of the seven only being past:

lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to poverty; his whole posterity be consumed, as it would be in all probability, if he did not procure food for his family during the famine.

Gill: Gen 45:12 - And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin // that it is my mouth that speaketh unto you And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin,.... They were eyewitnesses of his being alive, having themselves seen him, and even B...

And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin,.... They were eyewitnesses of his being alive, having themselves seen him, and even Benjamin, who could not be suspected by his father of a fraud in imposing on him; and some of them could doubtless remember his features, and had an ocular proof of his being the very person, which they could with great evidence relate unto Jacob; as also his voice in speaking:

that it is my mouth that speaketh unto you; without an interpreter, as Aben Ezra, and in the Hebrew language, as the Targum and Jarchi; which might confirm them, and likewise their father upon their report, that the governor was not an Egyptian, but an Hebrew; and by that and other concurrent testimonies that he must be Joseph.

Gill: Gen 45:13 - And you shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt // and of all that you have seen // and ye shall haste, and bring down my father hither And you shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt,.... His wealth and riches, his grandeur and dignity, his power and authority: and of all tha...

And you shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt,.... His wealth and riches, his grandeur and dignity, his power and authority:

and of all that you have seen; what a magnificent house he dwelt in; what a numerous train of servants he had; in what majesty he rode in the second chariot to the king; and what authority he exercised over the people, and what reverence they gave him, and what power he had, particularly in the distribution of corn:

and ye shall haste, and bring down my father hither; for Joseph had an eager desire to see him, wherefore this is repeated.

Gill: Gen 45:14 - And he fell upon his brother Benjamin's neck and wept // and Benjamin wept upon his neck And he fell upon his brother Benjamin's neck and wept,.... On his neck first, because he was his own brother by father and mother's side; and he wept ...

And he fell upon his brother Benjamin's neck and wept,.... On his neck first, because he was his own brother by father and mother's side; and he wept over him for joy that he had a sight of him once more: the word for "neck" is in the plural number, and being used, may signify that he fell first on one side of his neck, and then on the other, to show his great affection for him:

and Benjamin wept upon his neck; their love and the tokens of it were reciprocal.

Gill: Gen 45:15 - Moreover, he kissed all his brethren // and wept upon them // and after that his brethren talked with him Moreover, he kissed all his brethren,.... In their turns, to testify his real affection for them, and hearty reconciliation to them: and wept upon ...

Moreover, he kissed all his brethren,.... In their turns, to testify his real affection for them, and hearty reconciliation to them:

and wept upon them; that is, upon their necks, as he had on Benjamin's:

and after that his brethren talked with him: being emboldened by this carriage of his to them, and encouraged to believe that he really forgave them their sin against him, and was truly reconciled unto them, and had a real affection for them, and had no reason to fear he would avenge himself on them: they entered into a free conversation, and talked of their father and their family, and the concerns of it, and of what passed since the time he was separated from them.

Gill: Gen 45:16 - And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh's house // saying, Joseph's brethren are come // and it pleased Pharaoh well, and his servants And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh's house,.... The report was carried to court, and there it was told by some from Joseph's house, who had ove...

And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh's house,.... The report was carried to court, and there it was told by some from Joseph's house, who had overheard what had passed, at least somewhat of it:

saying, Joseph's brethren are come; perhaps they might call him by his Egyptian name, though the historian gives him his Hebrew name, and which was his right name, and by which he was best known to the Hebrews, for whose sake chiefly he wrote:

and it pleased Pharaoh well, and his servants; for Joseph being greatly beloved both by the king and his courtiers, who are meant by his servants, they were glad of an opportunity of showing their further regard to him, by their respect and civilities to his relations and friends, who had been the means of providing for the welfare of the whole kingdom, and of saving all their lives; Pharaoh's expressions of pleasure on this occasion were, no doubt sincere, whatever were those of his courtiers; who might not so well affect a stranger, and one that had been in a very low estate of life, to be raised above them, and have so much trust reposed is him, and honour conferred upon him, and might dissemble in their respect to Joseph before their sovereign; though such might be the prudence and affability of Joseph, and such the sense they had of their obligations to him in point of gratitude, that they might be really pleased to hear that his brethren were come; and the rather Pharaoh and his court might be the more delighted, because that it appeared that he came of a good family in Canaan; whereas they knew no more of him than of his having been a slave in Potiphar's house, and then cast into a prison for a crime charged upon him, out of which he was taken, and made the great man he was.

Gill: Gen 45:17 - And Pharaoh said unto Joseph // say unto thy brethren, this do ye // lade your asses // and go, get you into the land of Canaan And Pharaoh said unto Joseph,.... Who, it is highly probable, waited upon Pharaoh to acquaint him with the coming of his brethren; for it cannot be im...

And Pharaoh said unto Joseph,.... Who, it is highly probable, waited upon Pharaoh to acquaint him with the coming of his brethren; for it cannot be imagined that Pharaoh should say what follows upon a bare report, without having a further account of things from Joseph, or that he would neglect giving it, but take the first opportunity to inform him, whereupon he gave him the following order:

say unto thy brethren, this do ye; give them directions and instructions to do as follows:

lade your asses: with provisions for the present necessity of their father's household in Canaan, and for their journey back to Egypt:

and go, get you into the land of Canaan; with all the haste they could make.

Gill: Gen 45:18 - And take your father, and your households // and come unto me // and I will give you the good of the land of Egypt // and ye shall eat the fat of the land And take your father, and your households,.... Or families, for they were all married persons, and had children, and no doubt servants also: all were ...

And take your father, and your households,.... Or families, for they were all married persons, and had children, and no doubt servants also: all were to be brought with them:

and come unto me; into his kingdom, to his metropolis, and to his palace, and into his presence:

and I will give you the good of the land of Egypt; the best things which it affords, and the best and most fruitful part of it, as he afterwards did, which was the land of Goshen:

and ye shall eat the fat of the land; the choicest fruits of the earth, such as were produced in fields and gardens; meaning that they should have the finest of the wheat for themselves, and the fattest pastures for their flocks.

Gill: Gen 45:19 - Now thou art commanded, this do ye // take you wagons out of the land of Egypt // for your little ones, and for your wives // and bring your father, and come Now thou art commanded, this do ye,.... Had his orders from Pharaoh; had full power and authority to do the above things, and what follows: the sense ...

Now thou art commanded, this do ye,.... Had his orders from Pharaoh; had full power and authority to do the above things, and what follows: the sense Joseph Kimchi gives of this clause is, that Joseph was ordered by Pharaoh not to let any wagons go out of Egypt with corn, lest the Egyptians should want; but now Pharaoh said to him, though thou wert thus ordered, yet bid thy brethren do as follows:

take you wagons out of the land of Egypt: and lade them with corn, as the same writer observes; the Targum of Jonathan adds, which were drawn by oxen:

for your little ones, and for your wives: the wagons were to carry the women and children in when they returned:

and bring your father, and come; in one of the carriages, or in what way was most agreeable to him in his old age.

Gill: Gen 45:20 - Also regard not your stuff // for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours Also regard not your stuff,.... Or "your vessels" g, utensils, household goods; he would not have them to be concerned if they could not bring all the...

Also regard not your stuff,.... Or "your vessels" g, utensils, household goods; he would not have them to be concerned if they could not bring all their goods with them, but were obliged to leave some behind, and which, because of the distance of the way and difficulty of the road, lying through sandy deserts, could not well be brought, since there was enough to be had in the land of Egypt; therefore, as it may be rendered, "let not your eye spare" h, or "pity": do not be grieved at it, or say it is a pity to leave these good things behind. Some render and explain the words just the reverse, "leave nothing of your household goods" i; bring all away with you, as if he would not have them think of returning again, but of settling and continuing in Egypt; but this does not so well agree with what follows as the former sense does:

for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours: whatever good things were in it, whether for food or use for themselves, their houses, or their flocks, all were at their service, and they were welcome to them; or the best or most fruitful part of the country was designed for them, and would be given to them, or was at their option.

Gill: Gen 45:21 - And the children of Israel did so // and Joseph gave them wagons, according to the commandment of Pharaoh // and gave them provision for the way And the children of Israel did so,.... As Pharaoh commanded, and Joseph from him directed them to do: and Joseph gave them wagons, according to the...

And the children of Israel did so,.... As Pharaoh commanded, and Joseph from him directed them to do:

and Joseph gave them wagons, according to the commandment of Pharaoh: and beasts, either horses or oxen to draw them, and these not empty, though the principal use of them was to fetch his father and his family, and their goods:

and gave them provision for the way: both going and returning, as much as would suffice for both.

Gill: Gen 45:22 - To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment // but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver // five changes of raiment To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment,.... Rich apparel, two suits of clothes, to shift and change upon occasion, such as Homer k calls ...

To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment,.... Rich apparel, two suits of clothes, to shift and change upon occasion, such as Homer k calls ιματια εξαμειβα, "changeable garments"; those he gave to everyone of his brethren, partly that they might have something to show to their father and to their wives, which would cause them to give credit to the report they should give of Joseph, and his great prosperity; and partly that they might, upon their return, be provided with suitable apparel to appear before Pharaoh, and chiefly this was intended to show his great respect and affection for them, and reconciliation to them:

but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver; or shekels, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan, which amounted to between thirty and forty pounds of our money; the Septuagint very wrongly renders it three hundred "pieces of gold"; and besides these he gave him also

five changes of raiment; because of his greater love and affection for him.

Gill: Gen 45:23 - And to his father he sent after this manner // ten asses laden with the good things of Egypt // and ten she asses laden with corn // and bread // and meat for his father by the way And to his father he sent after this manner,.... Or "according to" this l; either in like manner, as he gave his brethren change of raiment, &c. so h...

And to his father he sent after this manner,.... Or "according to" this l; either in like manner, as he gave his brethren change of raiment, &c. so he sent the like to him, as Aben Ezra and Ben Melech interpret it, referring it to what goes before; or rather as Jarchi, according to this account or number, even which follows: namely:

ten asses laden with the good things of Egypt: the best things the land afforded; the Targum of Jonathan says with wine, but that Egypt did not abound with; and so Jarchi, out of the Talmud, observes, that it was old wine that was sent, such as is agreeable to ancient men:

and ten she asses laden with corn; not made up into bread, next mentioned, and so distinguished from it:

and bread: ready made and baked:

and meat for his father by the way; food and fruit of various sorts; Aben Ezra reckons many, peas, beans, lentils, millet, fetches, figs, currants, and dates.

Gill: Gen 45:24 - So he sent his brethren away, and they departed // and he said unto them, see that ye fall not out by the way So he sent his brethren away, and they departed,.... From Egypt to Canaan with the wagons, asses, and rich presents: and he said unto them, see tha...

So he sent his brethren away, and they departed,.... From Egypt to Canaan with the wagons, asses, and rich presents:

and he said unto them, see that ye fall not out by the way; the Targum of Jonathan adds, about the affair of selling me; which he had reason to fear they would, from what they, and particularly Reuben, had said in his presence, Gen 42:21; he was jealous this would be the subject of their discourse by the way, and that they would be blaming one another about it, and so fall into contentions and quarrels; that one would say it was owing to the reports of such an one concerning him, that they entertained hatred against him; that it was such an one that advised to kill him, and such an one that stripped him of his clothes, and such an one that put him into the pit, and such an one that was the cause of his being sold; and thus shifting of things from one to another, and aggravating each other's concern in this matter, they might stir up and provoke one another to wrath and anger, as the word used signifies, which might have a bad issue; to prevent which Joseph gives them this kind and good advice; and especially there was the more reason to attend to it, since he was reconciled unto them, and was desirous the whole should be buried in oblivion.

Gill: Gen 45:25 - And they went up out of Egypt // and came into the land of Canaan unto Jacob their father And they went up out of Egypt,.... That lying lower than the land of Canaan: and came into the land of Canaan unto Jacob their father; they found h...

And they went up out of Egypt,.... That lying lower than the land of Canaan:

and came into the land of Canaan unto Jacob their father; they found him alive and well.

Gill: Gen 45:26 - And told him // saying, Joseph is yet alive // and he is governor over all the land of Egypt // and Jacob's heart fainted, for he believed them not And told him,.... What had happened to them in Egypt: saying, Joseph is yet alive; who was thought by him and them to have been dead long ago: ...

And told him,.... What had happened to them in Egypt:

saying, Joseph is yet alive; who was thought by him and them to have been dead long ago:

and he is governor over all the land of Egypt; deputy governor, and had such power and authority that nothing was done without his order; the executive power or administration of government was put into his hands, and all the officers of the kingdom were under him, he was next to Pharaoh:

and Jacob's heart fainted, for he believed them not; it was too great and too good news to be true; though it was desirable, it was unexpected; it amazed him, he knew not what to think, or say or believe about it; there was such a conflict of the passions in him, that he could not compose himself, or reason with himself about it; and what might serve the more to hinder his belief of it was, that this report of theirs was contrary to what they themselves had before related of his death; and very likely upon the mention of the thing he fell into a swoon, and was not himself for a while; and when he came a little to himself, they went on with their account, as follows.

Gill: Gen 45:27 - And they told him all the words of Joseph, which he had said unto them // and when he saw the wagons which Joseph had sent to carry him // the spirit of Jacob their father revived And they told him all the words of Joseph, which he had said unto them,.... Not concerning their selling of him, and his forgiveness of them, and reco...

And they told him all the words of Joseph, which he had said unto them,.... Not concerning their selling of him, and his forgiveness of them, and reconciliation to them, which perhaps Jacob never heard of to his dying day, since he makes no mention of it, nor hints at it in his dying words to them; but of his great advancement in the court of Pharaoh, and how desirous he was to have his father and family with him, and provide for them, since there were five years of famine yet to come:

and when he saw the wagons which Joseph had sent to carry him, and his sons wives and children, down to Egypt in; and which were so grand and magnificent, that he was easily persuaded could never have been provided by his sons, if what they had said concerning Joseph was not true: and then

the spirit of Jacob their father revived: not the Holy Spirit, or spirit of prophecy, as the Targums, which the Jews say departed from him, and had not been with him since the loss of Joseph, but now returned; but his own natural spirit, he became lively and cheerful, giving credit to the report of his sons.

Gill: Gen 45:28 - And Israel said, it is enough, Joseph my son is yet alive // I will go and see him before I die And Israel said, it is enough, Joseph my son is yet alive,.... Or it is "much" or "great" m; he had much joy, as the Targums; this was the greatest ...

And Israel said, it is enough, Joseph my son is yet alive,.... Or it is "much" or "great" m; he had much joy, as the Targums; this was the greatest blessing of all, and more to him than all the glory and splendour that Joseph was in; that he was alive, that was enough for Jacob, which gave him content and pleasure; not so much the news of his grandeur in Egypt, as of his being in the land of the living:

I will go and see him before I die; though his age was great, the journey long and difficult, so great was his desire of seeing Joseph, that he determines at once upon going, expecting death shortly: no doubt but this was said in submission to the will of God, and in seeking him by prayer and supplication, and in the exercise of faith, believing that God would grant him his desire, than which nothing in life could be more desirable to him, and he only wished to live to enjoy this favour. In Joseph's making himself known unto his brethren, he was a type of Christ, who manifests himself to his people alone, and as he does not unto the world, saying unto them, that he is Jesus the Saviour, their friend and brother, and whom they crucified, whose sins were the cause of his sufferings; and yet encourages them to draw nigh unto him with an humble and holy boldness, giving them abundant reason to believe that he will receive them kindly, seeing that all that were done to him were by the determined counsel and foreknowledge of God, and for their good, even for their eternal salvation; and that they might not perish, but have everlasting life; and to whom he now gives change of raiment, riches and honour, yea, durable riches and righteousness; and declares it to be his will, that where he is, they may be also, and behold his glory: and this is sufficient to engage them to reckon all their worldly enjoyments as mere stuff, contemptible things in comparison of the good and glories of another world they are hastening to, where there will be fulness of joy, and pleasures for evermore; and therefore should not fall out by the way, as they too often do.

buka semua
Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Ayat / Catatan Kaki

NET Notes: Gen 45:1 Heb “stood.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:2 Heb “and the Egyptians heard and the household of Pharaoh heard.” Presumably in the latter case this was by means of a report.

NET Notes: Gen 45:5 You sold me here, for God sent me. The tension remains as to how the brothers’ wickedness and God’s intentions work together. Clearly God ...

NET Notes: Gen 45:6 Heb “the famine [has been] in the midst of.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:7 The infinitive gives a second purpose for God’s action.

NET Notes: Gen 45:8 Heb “a father.” The term is used here figuratively of one who gives advice, as a father would to his children.

NET Notes: Gen 45:9 Heb “hurry and go up.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:10 The perfect verbal form with vav consecutive here expresses instruction.

NET Notes: Gen 45:11 The verb כּוּל (kul) in the Pilpel stem means “to nourish, to support, to sustain.” As in 1 Kgs 20:27, it he...

NET Notes: Gen 45:12 Heb “And, look, your eyes see and the eyes of my brother Benjamin, that my mouth is the one speaking to you.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:13 Heb “and hurry and bring down my father to here.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:16 Heb “was good in the eyes of.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:17 Heb “and go! Enter!”

NET Notes: Gen 45:18 Heb “fat.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:19 The words “to say” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

NET Notes: Gen 45:20 Heb “let not your eye regard.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:21 Heb “according to the mouth of Pharaoh.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:22 Heb “changes of outer garments.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:23 Heb “according to this.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:24 Heb “do not be stirred up in the way.” The verb means “stir up.” Some understand the Hebrew verb רָגָ&...

NET Notes: Gen 45:25 Heb “and they entered the land of Canaan to their father.”

NET Notes: Gen 45:26 Heb “and his heart was numb.” Jacob was stunned by the unbelievable news and was unable to respond.

NET Notes: Gen 45:27 Heb “and they spoke to him all the words of Joseph which he had spoke to them.”

Geneva Bible: Gen 45:1 Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried, ( a ) Cause every man to go out from me. And there stood no man...

Geneva Bible: Gen 45:5 Now therefore be not ( b ) grieved, nor angry with yourselves, that ye sold me hither: for God did send me before you to preserve life. ( b ) This ex...

Geneva Bible: Gen 45:8 So now [it was] not you [that] sent me hither, but ( c ) God: and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler througho...

Geneva Bible: Gen 45:12 And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin, that [it is] ( d ) my mouth that speaketh unto you. ( d ) That is, that I speak in y...

Geneva Bible: Gen 45:18 And take your father and your households, and come unto me: and I will give you the ( e ) good of the land of Egypt, and ye shall eat the ( f ) fat of...

Geneva Bible: Gen 45:24 So he sent his brethren away, and they departed: and he said unto them, See that ye ( g ) fall not out by the way. ( g ) Seeing he had remitted the f...

Geneva Bible: Gen 45:26 And told him, saying, Joseph [is] yet alive, and he [is] governor over all the land of Egypt. And Jacob's heart ( h ) fainted, for he believed them no...

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Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Rentang Ayat

Maclaren: Gen 45:1-15 - Recognition And Reconciliation I Genesis 45:1-15 If the writer of this inimitable scene of Joseph's reconciliation with his brethren was not simply an historian, he was one of the gre...

MHCC: Gen 45:1-15 - --Joseph let Judah go on, and heard all he had to say. He found his brethren humbled for their sins, mindful of himself, for Judah had mentioned him twi...

MHCC: Gen 45:16-24 - --Pharaoh was kind to Joseph, and to his relations for his sake. Egypt would make up the losses of their removal. Thus those for whom Christ intends his...

MHCC: Gen 45:25-28 - --To hear that Joseph is alive, is too good news to be true; Jacob faints, for he believes it not. We faint, because we do not believe. At length, Jacob...

Matthew Henry: Gen 45:1-15 - -- Judah and his brethren were waiting for an answer, and could not but be amazed to discover, instead of the gravity of a judge, the natural affection...

Matthew Henry: Gen 45:16-24 - -- Here is, 1. The kindness of Pharaoh to Joseph, and to his relations for his sake: he bade his brethren welcome (Gen 45:16), though it was a time of ...

Matthew Henry: Gen 45:25-28 - -- We have here the good news brought to Jacob. 1. The relation of it, at first, sunk his spirits. When, without any preamble, his sons came in, crying...

Keil-Delitzsch: Gen 45:1-15 - -- The Recognition. - Gen 45:1. After this appeal, in which Judah, speaking for his brethren, had shown the tenderest affection for the old man who had...

Keil-Delitzsch: Gen 45:16-18 - -- Invitation to Jacob to Come into Egypt. - Gen 45:16. The report of the arrival of Joseph's brethren soon found it sway into the palace, and made so ...

Keil-Delitzsch: Gen 45:19-20 - -- At the same time Pharaoh empowered Joseph ("thou art commanded") to give his brethren carriages to take with them, in which to convey their children...

Keil-Delitzsch: Gen 45:21-24 - -- The sons of Israel carried out the instructions of Joseph and the invitation of Pharaoh (Gen 45:25-27). But Joseph not only sent carriages according...

Keil-Delitzsch: Gen 45:25-28 - -- When they got back, and brought word to their father, "Joseph is still living, yea ( וכי an emphatic assurance, Ewald , §3306) he is ruler in a...

Constable: Gen 11:27--Exo 1:1 - --II. PATRIARCHAL NARRATIVES 11:27--50:26 One of the significant changes in the emphasis that occurs at this point...

Constable: Gen 37:2--Exo 1:1 - --E. What Became of Jacob 37:2-50:26 Here begins the tenth and last toledot in Genesis. Jacob remains a ma...

Constable: Gen 45:1-15 - --10. Joseph's reconciliation with his brothers 45:1-15 Joseph emotionally revealed his identity t...

Constable: Gen 45:16--46:31 - --11. Israel's move to Egypt 45:16-46:30 Joseph's brothers returned to Jacob with news of Joseph's...

Constable: Gen 45:16-28 - --Israel's decision to move to Egypt 45:16-28 Pharaoh's invitation was as generous as it w...

Guzik: Gen 45:1-28 - Joseph is Reunited With His Brothers Genesis 45 - Joseph is Reunited With His Brothers A. Joseph reveals himself to his brothers. 1. (1-3) The emotional revelation. Then Joseph could ...

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Tafsiran/Catatan -- Lainnya

Bible Query: Gen 45:6 Q: In Gen 45:6 and Gen 47:28, did the Israelites become slaves while Joseph was still alive? A: Yes. Looking at Genesis 37:2; 41:1; 41:29-39; 45:6; ...

Bible Query: Gen 45:8 Q: In Gen 45:8, 50:19, does God enslave godly people? Did God enslave Joseph, or Joseph’s brothers? A: This is an example of the theological concep...

Evidence: Gen 45:1-6 Joseph forgives his brothers, the son's of Israel, and tells them that God used their act of betrayal as the means to bring him ahead of them to Egypt...

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Pendahuluan / Garis Besar

JFB: Genesis (Pendahuluan Kitab) GENESIS, the book of the origin or production of all things, consists of two parts: the first, comprehended in the first through eleventh chapters, gi...

JFB: Genesis (Garis Besar) THE CREATION OF HEAVEN AND EARTH. (Gen 1:1-2) THE FIRST DAY. (Gen 1:3-5) SECOND DAY. (Gen 1:6-8) THIRD DAY. (Gen 1:9-13) FOURTH DAY. (Gen 1:14-19) FI...

TSK: Genesis (Pendahuluan Kitab) The Book of Genesis is the most ancient record in the world; including the History of two grand and stupendous subjects, Creation and Providence; of e...

TSK: Genesis 45 (Pendahuluan Pasal) Overview Gen 45:1, Joseph makes himself known to his brethren; Gen 45:5, He comforts them in God’s providence; Gen 45:9, He sends for his father...

Poole: Genesis 45 (Pendahuluan Pasal) CHAPTER 45 Joseph no longer able to refrain, discovers himself to his brethren, and weeps; asks concerning his father: they are troubled at his pre...

MHCC: Genesis (Pendahuluan Kitab) Genesis is a name taken from the Greek, and signifies " the book of generation or production;" it is properly so called, as containing an account of ...

MHCC: Genesis 45 (Pendahuluan Pasal) (Gen 45:1-15) Joseph comforts his brethren, and sends for his father. (Gen 45:16-24) Pharaoh confirms Joseph's invitation, Joseph's gifts to his bret...

Matthew Henry: Genesis (Pendahuluan Kitab) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The First Book of Moses, Called Genesis We have now before us the holy Bible, or book, for so bible ...

Matthew Henry: Genesis 45 (Pendahuluan Pasal) It is a pity that this chapter and the foregoing should be parted, and read asunder. There we had Judah's intercession for Benjamin, with which, we...

Constable: Genesis (Pendahuluan Kitab) Introduction Title Each book of the Pentateuch (the first five books of the Old Testam...

Constable: Genesis (Garis Besar) Outline The structure of Genesis is very clear. The phrase "the generations of" (toledot in Hebrew, from yalad m...

Constable: Genesis Bibliography Aalders, Gerhard Charles. Genesis. The Bible Student's Commentary series. 2 vols. Translated by William Hey...

Haydock: Genesis (Pendahuluan Kitab) THE BOOK OF GENESIS. INTRODUCTION. The Hebrews now entitle all the Five Books of Moses, from the initial words, which originally were written li...

Gill: Genesis (Pendahuluan Kitab) INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS This book, in the Hebrew copies of the Bible, and by the Jewish writers, is generally called Bereshith, which signifies "in...

Gill: Genesis 45 (Pendahuluan Pasal) INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 45 This chapter contains an account of Joseph's making himself known to his brethren, which was done when they were alone, ...

Advanced Commentary (Kamus, Lagu-Lagu Himne, Gambar, Ilustrasi Khotbah, Pertanyaan-Pertanyaan, dll)


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