Teks -- 2 Chronicles 36:1-23 (NET)
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Wesley: 2Ch 36:8 - Found in him That crime of rebellion against the king of Babylon, which for a time he kept in his own breast, but when he saw fit, discovered it, and was convicted...
That crime of rebellion against the king of Babylon, which for a time he kept in his own breast, but when he saw fit, discovered it, and was convicted of it.
Wesley: 2Ch 36:10 - Expired Heb. at the return of the year: at the beginning of the next year, according to the sacred account of the Hebrews, at the spring of the year, the time...
Heb. at the return of the year: at the beginning of the next year, according to the sacred account of the Hebrews, at the spring of the year, the time when kings go forth to battle, as is elsewhere said, when Nebuchadnezzar, among others, went forth to settle and enlarge his conquests.
Wesley: 2Ch 36:10 - His brother Largely so called, for this was his uncle, or his father's brother, being the son of Josiah.
Largely so called, for this was his uncle, or his father's brother, being the son of Josiah.
Wesley: 2Ch 36:13 - By God Who had required him to swear fealty and constant obedience to him by the true God, whom he called upon to be a witness against him if he broke his oa...
Who had required him to swear fealty and constant obedience to him by the true God, whom he called upon to be a witness against him if he broke his oath. So his rebellion was aggravated with perjury, and horrid contempt of God.
Wesley: 2Ch 36:15 - Rising Sending them early and diligently, as a careful house - holder, who rises betimes about his business. God sent them many prophets and messages, some a...
Sending them early and diligently, as a careful house - holder, who rises betimes about his business. God sent them many prophets and messages, some at the very beginning of their apostacy, and others afterward, 'till the very day of their captivity.
Because the people would not repent, and God would not pardon them.
Wesley: 2Ch 36:17 - Chaldees Abraham was called out of Ur of the Chaldees, when God took him into covenant with himself. And now his degenerate seed are carried into that country ...
Abraham was called out of Ur of the Chaldees, when God took him into covenant with himself. And now his degenerate seed are carried into that country again, to signify that they had forfeited all that kindness wherewith they had been loved for their father's sake, and the benefit of the covenant into which he was called.
Wesley: 2Ch 36:21 - Sabbaths Had rested from the labour of the husbandman in plowing and harrowing it; the people that should have managed it being destroyed. Many a time had they...
Had rested from the labour of the husbandman in plowing and harrowing it; the people that should have managed it being destroyed. Many a time had they ploughed and sowed their land in the seventh year, when it should have rested: and now it lay unploughed and unsown for ten times seven years. Yet even this might encourage them to hope, that they should in due time return to it again. Had others come and taken possession of it, they might have despaired of ever recovering it. But while it lay desolate, it, as it were, waited for them, and refused to acknowledge any other owners.
JFB: 2Ch 36:1 - the people of the land took Jehoahaz Immediately after Josiah's overthrow and death, the people raised to the throne Shallum (1Ch 3:15), afterwards called Jehoahaz, in preference to his o...
Immediately after Josiah's overthrow and death, the people raised to the throne Shallum (1Ch 3:15), afterwards called Jehoahaz, in preference to his older brother Eliakim, from whom they expected little good. Jehoahaz is said (2Ki 23:30) to have received at Jerusalem the royal anointing--a ceremony not usually deemed necessary, in circumstances of regular and undisputed succession. But, in the case of Jehoahaz, it seems to have been resorted to in order to impart greater validity to the act of popular election; and, it may be, to render it less likely to be disturbed by Necho, who, like all Egyptians, would associate the idea of sanctity with the regal anointing. He was the youngest son of Josiah, but the popular favorite, probably on account of his martial spirit (Eze 19:3) and determined opposition to the aggressive views of Egypt. At his accession the land was free from idolatry; but this prince, instead of following the footsteps of his excellent father, adopted the criminal policy of his apostatizing predecessors. Through his influence, directly or indirectly used, idolatry rapidly increased (see 2Ki 23:32).
JFB: 2Ch 36:2 - he reigned three months in Jerusalem His possession of sovereign power was of but very brief duration; for Necho determined to follow up the advantage he had gained in Judah; and, deeming...
His possession of sovereign power was of but very brief duration; for Necho determined to follow up the advantage he had gained in Judah; and, deeming it expedient to have a king of his own nomination on the throne of that country, he deposed the popularly elected monarch and placed his brother Eliakim or Jehoiakim on the throne, whom he anticipated to be a mere obsequious vassal. The course of events seems to have been this: on receiving intelligence after the battle of the accession of Jehoahaz to the throne, and perhaps also in consequence of the complaint which Eliakim brought before him in regard to this matter, Necho set out with a part of his forces to Jerusalem, while the remainder of his troops pursued their way at leisure towards Riblah, laid a tribute on the country, raised Eliakim (Jehoiakim) as his vassal to the throne, and on his departure brought Jehoahaz captive with him to Riblah. The old expositors mostly assumed that Necho, after the battle of Megiddo, marched directly against Carchemish, and then on his return came to Jerusalem. The improbability, indeed the impossibility, of his doing so appears from this: Carchemish was from four hundred to five hundred miles from Megiddo, so that within "three months" an army could not possibly make its way thither, conquer the fenced city of Carchemish, and then march back a still greater distance to Jerusalem, and take that city [KEIL].
£3418 15s.
£5475; total amount of tribute, £8893 15s.
Jehoahaz.
There he died (Jer 22:10-12).
JFB: 2Ch 36:5 - Jehoiakim . . . did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord He followed the course of his idolatrous predecessors; and the people, to a great extent, disinclined to the reforming policy of his father, eagerly a...
He followed the course of his idolatrous predecessors; and the people, to a great extent, disinclined to the reforming policy of his father, eagerly availed themselves of the vicious license which his lax administration restored. His character is portrayed with a masterly hand in the prophecy of Jeremiah (Jer 22:13-19). As the deputy of the king of Egypt, he departed further than his predecessor from the principles of Josiah's government; and, in trying to meet the insatiable cupidity of his master by grinding exactions from his subjects, he recklessly plunged into all evil.
JFB: 2Ch 36:6 - Against him came up Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon This refers to the first expedition of Nebuchadnezzar against Palestine, in the lifetime of his father Nabopolassar, who, being old and infirm, adopte...
This refers to the first expedition of Nebuchadnezzar against Palestine, in the lifetime of his father Nabopolassar, who, being old and infirm, adopted his son as joint sovereign and despatched him, with the command of his army, against the Egyptian invaders of his empire. Nebuchadnezzar defeated them at Carchemish, drove them out of Asia, and reduced all the provinces west of the Euphrates to obedience--among the rest the kingdom of Jehoiakim, who became a vassal of the Assyrian empire (2Ki 24:1). Jehoiakim at the end of three years threw off the yoke, being probably instigated to revolt by the solicitations of the king of Egypt, who planned a new expedition against Carchemish. But he was completely vanquished by the Babylonian king, who stripped him of all his possessions between the Euphrates and the Nile (2Ki 24:7). Then marching against the Egyptian's ally in Judah, he took Jerusalem, carried away a portion of the sacred vessels of the temple, perhaps in lieu of the unpaid tribute, and deposited them in the temple of his god, Belus, at Babylon (Dan 1:2; Dan 5:2). Though Jehoiakim had been taken prisoner (and it was designed at first to transport him in chains to Babylon), he was allowed to remain in his tributary kingdom. But having given not long after some new offense, Jerusalem was besieged by a host of Assyrian dependents. In a sally against them Jehoiakim was killed (see on 2Ki 24:2-7; also Jer 22:18-19; Jer 36:30).
JFB: 2Ch 36:9-10 - Jehoiachin was eight years old Called also Jeconiah or Coniah (Jer 22:24) --"eight" should have been "eighteen," as appears from 2Ki 24:8, and also from the full development of his ...
Called also Jeconiah or Coniah (Jer 22:24) --"eight" should have been "eighteen," as appears from 2Ki 24:8, and also from the full development of his ungodly principles and habits (see Eze 19:5-7). His reign being of so short duration cannot be considered at variance with the prophetic denunciation against his father (Jer 36:30). But his appointment by the people gave umbrage to Nebuchadnezzar, who, "when the year was expired" (2Ch 36:10) --that is, in the spring when campaigns usually began--came in person against Jerusalem, captured the city, and sent Jehoiachin in chains to Babylon, removing at the same time all the nobles and most skilful artisans, and pillaging all the remaining treasures both of the temple and palace (see on 2Ki 24:8-17).
JFB: 2Ch 36:11 - Zedekiah Nebuchadnezzar appointed him. His name, originally Mattaniah, was, according to the custom of Oriental conquerors, changed into Zedekiah. Though the s...
Nebuchadnezzar appointed him. His name, originally Mattaniah, was, according to the custom of Oriental conquerors, changed into Zedekiah. Though the son of Josiah (1Ch 3:15; Jer 1:2-3; Jer 37:1), he is called the brother of Jehoiachin (2Ch 36:10), that is, according to the latitude of Hebrew style in words expressing affinity, his relative or kinsman (see 2Ki 24:18; 2Ki. 25:1-21).
JFB: 2Ch 36:13 - who had made him swear by God Zedekiah received his crown on the express condition of taking a solemn oath of fealty to the king of Babylon (Eze 17:13); so that his revolt by joini...
Zedekiah received his crown on the express condition of taking a solemn oath of fealty to the king of Babylon (Eze 17:13); so that his revolt by joining in a league with Pharaoh-hophra, king of Egypt, involved the crime of perjury. His own pride and obdurate impiety, the incurable idolatry of the nation, and their reckless disregard of prophetic warnings, brought down on his already sadly reduced kingdom the long threatened judgments of God. Nebuchadnezzar, the executioner of the divine vengeance, commenced a third siege of Jerusalem, which, after holding out for a year and a half, was taken in the eleventh year of the reign of Zedekiah. It resulted in the burning of the temple, with, most probably, the ark, and in the overthrow of the kingdom of Judah (see on 2Ki 25:1-7; Eze 12:13; Eze 17:16).
JFB: 2Ch 36:21 - until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths The return of every seventh was to be held as a sabbatic year, a season of rest to all classes, even to the land itself, which was to be fallow. This ...
The return of every seventh was to be held as a sabbatic year, a season of rest to all classes, even to the land itself, which was to be fallow. This divine institution, however, was neglected--how soon and how long, appears from the prophecy of Moses (see on Lev 26:34), and of Jeremiah in this passage (see Jer 25:9-12), which told that for divine retribution it was now to remain desolate seventy years. As the Assyrian conquerors usually colonized their conquered provinces, so remarkable a deviation in Palestine from their customary policy must be ascribed to the overruling providence of God.
Clarke: 2Ch 36:1 - Took Jehoahaz Took Jehoahaz - It seems that after Necho had discomfited Josiah, he proceeded immediately against Charchemish, and in the interim, Josiah dying of ...
Took Jehoahaz - It seems that after Necho had discomfited Josiah, he proceeded immediately against Charchemish, and in the interim, Josiah dying of his wounds, the people made his son king.
Clarke: 2Ch 36:3 - The king of Egypt put him down The king of Egypt put him down - He now considered Judah to be conquered, and tributary to him and because the people had set up Jehoahaz without hi...
The king of Egypt put him down - He now considered Judah to be conquered, and tributary to him and because the people had set up Jehoahaz without his consent, he dethroned him, and put his brother in his place, perhaps for no other reason but to show his supremacy. For other particulars, see the notes on 2Ki 23:31-35 (note).
Clarke: 2Ch 36:6 - Came up Nebuchadnezzar Came up Nebuchadnezzar - See the notes on 2Ki 24:1
Archbishop Usher believes that Jehoiakim remained three years after this tributary to the Chaldea...
Came up Nebuchadnezzar - See the notes on 2Ki 24:1
Archbishop Usher believes that Jehoiakim remained three years after this tributary to the Chaldeans, and that it is from this period that the seventy years’ captivity, predicted by Jeremiah, is to be reckoned.
Jehoiachin was eight - See on 2Ki 24:6-15 (note).
Clarke: 2Ch 36:10 - Made Zedekiah - king Made Zedekiah - king - His name was at first Mattaniah, but the king of Babylon changed it to Zedekiah. See 2Ki 24:17 (note), and the notes there.
Made Zedekiah - king - His name was at first Mattaniah, but the king of Babylon changed it to Zedekiah. See 2Ki 24:17 (note), and the notes there.
Clarke: 2Ch 36:12 - Did that which was evil Did that which was evil - Was there ever such a set of weak, infatuated men as the Jewish kings in general? They had the fullest evidence that they ...
Did that which was evil - Was there ever such a set of weak, infatuated men as the Jewish kings in general? They had the fullest evidence that they were only deputies to God Almighty, and that they could not expect to retain the throne any longer than they were faithful to their Lord; and yet with all this conviction they lived wickedly, and endeavored to establish idolatry in the place of the worship of their Maker! After bearing with them long, the Divine mercy gave them up, as their case was utterly hopeless. They sinned till there was no remedy.
Clarke: 2Ch 36:19 - They burnt the house of God They burnt the house of God - Here was an end to the temple; the most superb and costly edifice ever erected by man
They burnt the house of God - Here was an end to the temple; the most superb and costly edifice ever erected by man
Clarke: 2Ch 36:19 - Brake down the wall of Jerusalem Brake down the wall of Jerusalem - So it ceased to be a fortified city
Brake down the wall of Jerusalem - So it ceased to be a fortified city
Clarke: 2Ch 36:19 - Burnt all the palaces Burnt all the palaces - So it was no longer a dwelling-place for kings or great men
Burnt all the palaces - So it was no longer a dwelling-place for kings or great men
Clarke: 2Ch 36:19 - Destroyed all the goodly vessels Destroyed all the goodly vessels - Beat up all the silver and gold into masses, keeping only a few of the finest in their own shape. See 2Ch 36:18.
Destroyed all the goodly vessels - Beat up all the silver and gold into masses, keeping only a few of the finest in their own shape. See 2Ch 36:18.
Clarke: 2Ch 36:21 - To fulfill the word of the Lord To fulfill the word of the Lord - See Jer 25:9, Jer 25:12; Jer 26:6, Jer 26:7; Jer 29:12. For the miserable death of Zedekiah, see 2Ki 25:4, etc.
Clarke: 2Ch 36:22 - Now in the first year of Cyrus Now in the first year of Cyrus - This and the following verse are supposed to have been written by mistake from the book of Ezra, which begins in th...
Now in the first year of Cyrus - This and the following verse are supposed to have been written by mistake from the book of Ezra, which begins in the same way. The book of the Chronicles, properly speaking, does close with the twenty-first verse, as then the Babylonish captivity commences, and these two verses speak of the transactions of a period seventy years after. This was in the first year of the reign of Cyrus over the empire of the East which is reckoned to be A.M. 3468. But he was king of Persia from the year 3444 or 3445. See Calmet and Usher.
Clarke: 2Ch 36:23 - The Lord his God be with him The Lord his God be with him - "Let the Word of the Lord be his helper, and let him go up."- Targum. See the notes on the beginning of Ezra
Thus end...
The Lord his God be with him - "Let the Word of the Lord be his helper, and let him go up."- Targum. See the notes on the beginning of Ezra
Thus ends the history of a people the most fickle, the most ungrateful, and perhaps on the whole the most sinful, that ever existed on the face of the earth. But what a display does all this give of the power, justice, mercy, and long-suffering of the Lord! There was no people like this people, and no God like their God
Defender: 2Ch 36:18 - brought to Babylon It is noteworthy that, while the great temple is destroyed and all its treasures taken to Babylon, no mention whatever is made of its most sacred occu...
It is noteworthy that, while the great temple is destroyed and all its treasures taken to Babylon, no mention whatever is made of its most sacred occupant, the ark of the covenant. God evidently would not allow it to be desecrated again and so translated it directly (like Enoch and Elijah) to the heavenly temple, where it was seen by John five hundred years later when he himself was translated into the distant future of the end-times (Rev 11:19)."
Defender: 2Ch 36:21 - mouth of Jeremiah This prophecy by Jeremiah of a seventy year captivity is found in Jer 25:11 and Jer 29:10. (Dan 9:2).
Defender: 2Ch 36:21 - threescore and ten years The law had required that the land be allowed to "rest" every seventh year (Lev 25:4). Evidently this law had been ignored for some four hundred ninet...
The law had required that the land be allowed to "rest" every seventh year (Lev 25:4). Evidently this law had been ignored for some four hundred ninety or so years, since about the time of Solomon. Therefore, God enforced the law in this most impressive way."
Defender: 2Ch 36:22 - Cyrus king of Persia The last two verses of the Chronicles (2Ch 36:22, 2Ch 36:23) are essentially the same as the first three verses of Ezra (Ezr 1:1-3). Quite possibly, t...
The last two verses of the Chronicles (2Ch 36:22, 2Ch 36:23) are essentially the same as the first three verses of Ezra (Ezr 1:1-3). Quite possibly, this could have been a device used by Ezra to tie the two books together. Although it cannot be proven definitely, the consensus of conservative Old Testament scholars is that Ezra was indeed the author of Chronicles."
TSK: 2Ch 36:1 - the people // Jehoahaz the people : 2Ch 26:1, 2Ch 33:25; 2Ki 23:30-37
Jehoahaz : 2Ki 23:31-34; 1Ch 3:15; Jer 22:11
the people : 2Ch 26:1, 2Ch 33:25; 2Ki 23:30-37
Jehoahaz : 2Ki 23:31-34; 1Ch 3:15; Jer 22:11
TSK: 2Ch 36:3 - put him down // condemned put him down : Heb. removed him, 2Ki 23:33
condemned : Heb. mulcted
put him down : Heb. removed him, 2Ki 23:33
condemned : Heb. mulcted
TSK: 2Ch 36:4 - made Eliakim // Necho made Eliakim : 2Ki 23:34, 2Ki 23:35; 1Ch 3:15
Necho : Jer 22:10-12; Eze 19:3, Eze 19:4
TSK: 2Ch 36:5 - Jehoiakim Jehoiakim : 2Ki 23:36, 2Ki 23:37; Jer 22:13-19, Jer 26:21-23, Jer 36:1, Jer 36:27-32
Jehoiakim : 2Ki 23:36, 2Ki 23:37; Jer 22:13-19, Jer 26:21-23, Jer 36:1, Jer 36:27-32
TSK: 2Ch 36:6 - came up // fetters am 3397, bc 607
came up : 2Ki 24:1, 2Ki 24:2, 2Ki 24:5, 2Ki 24:6, 2Ki 24:13-20; Eze 19:5-9; Dan 1:1, Dan 1:2; Hab 1:5-10
fetters : or, chains
am 3397, bc 607
came up : 2Ki 24:1, 2Ki 24:2, 2Ki 24:5, 2Ki 24:6, 2Ki 24:13-20; Eze 19:5-9; Dan 1:1, Dan 1:2; Hab 1:5-10
fetters : or, chains
TSK: 2Ch 36:7 - the vessels am 3398, bc 606
the vessels : 2Ki 24:13; Ezr 1:7-11; Jer 27:16-18, Jer 28:3; Dan 5:2-4
am 3398, bc 606
the vessels : 2Ki 24:13; Ezr 1:7-11; Jer 27:16-18, Jer 28:3; Dan 5:2-4
TSK: 2Ch 36:8 - written // Jehoiachin am 3394-3405, bc 610-599
written : 2Ki 24:5, 2Ki 24:6
Jehoiachin : 1Ch 3:16, 1Ch 3:17, Jeconiah, Jer 22:24, Jer 22:28, Coniah, Mat 1:11, Mat 1:12, Jec...
TSK: 2Ch 36:9 - eight years old am 3405, bc 599
eight years old : The Syriac, Arabic, and the parallel place (see note on 2Ki 24:8), have ""eighteen years;""which, as Scaliger observ...
am 3405, bc 599
eight years old : The Syriac, Arabic, and the parallel place (see note on 2Ki 24:8), have ""eighteen years;""which, as Scaliger observes, is no doubt the genuine reading.
TSK: 2Ch 36:10 - when the year was expired // goodly vessels // Zedekiah when the year was expired : Heb. at the return of the year, king Nebuchadnezzar. 2Ki 24:10-17, 2Ki 25:27-30; Jer 29:2; Eze 1:2
goodly vessels : Heb. v...
when the year was expired : Heb. at the return of the year, king Nebuchadnezzar. 2Ki 24:10-17, 2Ki 25:27-30; Jer 29:2; Eze 1:2
goodly vessels : Heb. vessels of desire, 2Ch 36:7; Jer 27:18-22; Dan 1:1, Dan 1:2, Dan 5:2, Dan 5:23
Zedekiah : 2Ki 24:17, Mattaniah his father’ s brother, 1Ch 3:15, 1Ch 3:16; Jer 37:1
am 3405-3416, bc 599-588
one and twenty : 2Ki 24:18-20; Jer 52:1-3
TSK: 2Ch 36:12 - humbled // before Jeremiah // the mouth humbled : 2Ch 32:26, 2Ch 33:12, 2Ch 33:19, 2Ch 33:23; Exo 10:3; Dan 5:22, Dan 5:23; Jam 4:10; 1Pe 5:6
before Jeremiah : Jer 21:1-10, Jer 27:12-22, 28:...
humbled : 2Ch 32:26, 2Ch 33:12, 2Ch 33:19, 2Ch 33:23; Exo 10:3; Dan 5:22, Dan 5:23; Jam 4:10; 1Pe 5:6
before Jeremiah : Jer 21:1-10, Jer 27:12-22, 28:1-17, 34:2-22, 37:2-21, Jer 38:14-28
the mouth : 2Ch 35:22
TSK: 2Ch 36:13 - rebelled // who had // stiffened // hardened rebelled : 2Ki 24:20; Jer 52:2, Jer 52:3; Eze 17:11-20
who had : Jos 9:15, Jos 9:19, Jos 9:20; 2Sa 21:2
stiffened : 2Ki 17:4; Neh 9:16, Neh 9:17; Isa ...
TSK: 2Ch 36:14 - all the chief // very much // polluted all the chief : 2Ki 16:10-16; Ezr 9:7; Jer 5:5, Jer 37:13-15, Jer 38:4; Eze 22:6, Eze 22:26-28; Dan 9:6, Dan 9:8; Mic 3:1-4, Mic 3:9-11, Mic 7:2; Zep ...
all the chief : 2Ki 16:10-16; Ezr 9:7; Jer 5:5, Jer 37:13-15, Jer 38:4; Eze 22:6, Eze 22:26-28; Dan 9:6, Dan 9:8; Mic 3:1-4, Mic 3:9-11, Mic 7:2; Zep 3:3, Zep 3:4
very much : 2Ch 28:3, 2Ch 33:9
polluted : 2Ch 33:4-7; Eze 8:5-16
TSK: 2Ch 36:15 - the Lord // his messengers // betimes // because the Lord : 2Ch 24:18-21, 2Ch 33:10; 2Ki 17:13; Jer 25:3, Jer 25:4, Jer 26:5, Jer 35:15, Jer 44:4, Jer 44:5
his messengers : Heb. the hand of his messe...
TSK: 2Ch 36:16 - mocked // despised // misused // the wrath // till // remedy mocked : 2Ch 30:10; Psa 35:16; Isa 28:22; Jer 5:12, Jer 5:13, Jer 20:7; Luk 18:32, Luk 22:63, Luk 22:64; Luk 23:11, Luk 23:36; Act 2:13, Act 17:32; He...
mocked : 2Ch 30:10; Psa 35:16; Isa 28:22; Jer 5:12, Jer 5:13, Jer 20:7; Luk 18:32, Luk 22:63, Luk 22:64; Luk 23:11, Luk 23:36; Act 2:13, Act 17:32; Heb 11:36
despised : Pro 1:24-30; Luk 16:14; Act 13:41; 1Th 4:8
misused : Jer 32:3, Jer 38:6; Mat 5:12, Mat 21:33-41; Act 7:52
the wrath : Psa 74:1, Psa 79:1-5
remedy : Heb. healing
TSK: 2Ch 36:17 - he brought // the king // who slew // in the house // no compassion he brought : 2Ch 33:11; Deu 28:49; 2Ki 24:2, 2Ki 24:3; Ezr 9:7; Jer 15:8, Jer 32:42, Jer 40:3; Dan 9:14
the king : 2Kings 25:1-30; Jer. 39:1-18, 52:1-...
he brought : 2Ch 33:11; Deu 28:49; 2Ki 24:2, 2Ki 24:3; Ezr 9:7; Jer 15:8, Jer 32:42, Jer 40:3; Dan 9:14
the king : 2Kings 25:1-30; Jer. 39:1-18, 52:1-34
who slew : Lev. 26:14-46; Deut. 28:15-68, Deu 29:18-28, Deu 30:18, Deu 31:16-18, Deu 32:15-28; Psa 74:20, Psa 79:2, Psa 79:3; Jer 15:9, Jer 18:21; Lam 2:21, Lam 2:22
in the house : 2Ch 24:21; Lam 2:20; Eze 9:5-7; Luk 13:1, Luk 13:2
TSK: 2Ch 36:18 - all the vessels // treasures am 3416, bc 588
all the vessels : 2Ch 36:7, 2Ch 36:10; 2Ki 25:13-17; Jer 27:18-22, Jer 52:17-23; Dan 5:3
treasures : 2Ki 20:13-17; Isa 39:6; Zec 1:6
am 3416, bc 588
all the vessels : 2Ch 36:7, 2Ch 36:10; 2Ki 25:13-17; Jer 27:18-22, Jer 52:17-23; Dan 5:3
treasures : 2Ki 20:13-17; Isa 39:6; Zec 1:6
TSK: 2Ch 36:19 - they burnt // brake down they burnt : 2Ki 25:9; Psa 74:4-8, Psa 79:1, Psa 79:7; Isa 64:10, Isa 64:11; Jer 7:4, Jer 7:14, Jer 52:13; Lam 4:1; Mic 3:12; Luk 21:6
brake down : 2K...
TSK: 2Ch 36:20 - And them that had escaped from // they were servants // until the reign am 3416-3468, bc 588-536
And them that had escaped from : Heb. And the remainder from
they were servants : Deu 28:47, Deu 28:48; Jer 27:7
until the re...
am 3416-3468, bc 588-536
And them that had escaped from : Heb. And the remainder from
they were servants : Deu 28:47, Deu 28:48; Jer 27:7
until the reign : 2Ch 36:22; Ezr 1:1-11
TSK: 2Ch 36:21 - To fulfil // until the land To fulfil : Jer 25:9, Jer 25:12, Jer 26:6, Jer 26:7, Jer 27:12, Jer 27:13, Jer 29:10; Dan 9:2; Zec 1:4-6
until the land : Lev 25:4-6, Lev 26:34, Lev 2...
TSK: 2Ch 36:22 - in the first // Cyrus // that the word // the Lord stirred // a proclamation am 3468, bc 536, This verse and the next have a double aspect. They look back to the prophecy of Jeremiah, and show how that was accomplished; and th...
am 3468, bc 536, This verse and the next have a double aspect. They look back to the prophecy of Jeremiah, and show how that was accomplished; and they look forward to the history of Ezra, which begins with a repetition of these two last verses.
in the first : Ezr 1:1-3
that the word : 2Ch 36:21; Jer 25:12, Jer 25:14, Jer 29:10, Jer 32:42-44, Jer 33:10-14; Heb 10:23
the Lord stirred : 2Ch 21:16; 1Sa 26:19; 1Ki 11:14, 1Ki 11:23; 1Ch 5:26; Ezr 1:5; Isa 13:3-5, Isa 13:17, Isa 13:18, Isa 44:28, Isa 45:1-5; Hag 1:14
TSK: 2Ch 36:23 - All the kingdoms // he hath charged // Who is there All the kingdoms : Psa 75:5-7; Dan 2:21, Dan 2:37, Dan 4:35, Dan 5:18, Dan 5:23
he hath charged : Isa 44:26-28
Who is there : 1Ch 22:16, 1Ch 29:5; Ezr...
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Poole: 2Ch 36:8 - That which was found in him That which was found in him that crime of rebellion against the king of Babylon, which for a time he kept in his own breast; but when he saw fit, he ...
That which was found in him that crime of rebellion against the king of Babylon, which for a time he kept in his own breast; but when he saw fit, he discovered it, and was convicted of it. See 2Ki 24:1 .
Poole: 2Ch 36:9 - Jehoiachin was eight years old Jehoiachin was eight years old of which See Poole "2Ki 24:8" , where he is said to be eighteen years old.
Jehoiachin was eight years old of which See Poole "2Ki 24:8" , where he is said to be eighteen years old.
Poole: 2Ch 36:10 - When the year was expired // Zedekiah his brother When the year was expired Heb. at the return of the year , i.e. at the beginning of the next year, according to the sacred account of the Hebrews, a...
When the year was expired Heb. at the return of the year , i.e. at the beginning of the next year, according to the sacred account of the Hebrews, at the spring of the year, the time when kings go forth to battle, as is elsewhere said, when Nebuchadnezzar, among others, went forth to settle and enlarge his conquests.
Zedekiah his brother largely so called, for this was his uncle, or his father’ s brother , as he is called, 2Ki 24:17 , being the son of Josiah. See 1Ch 3:15 Jer 1:3 .
Poole: 2Ch 36:12 - Humbled not himself Humbled not himself by repentance for his past errors, and obedience to God’ s express commands, which he would not yield to through the pride o...
Humbled not himself by repentance for his past errors, and obedience to God’ s express commands, which he would not yield to through the pride of his heart, as is intimated by this phrase, and expressed Jer 38:19 .
Poole: 2Ch 36:13 - Who had made him swear by God Who had made him swear by God who had required and forced him to swear fealty and constant obedience to him by the true God, whom he had served, and ...
Who had made him swear by God who had required and forced him to swear fealty and constant obedience to him by the true God, whom he had served, and whom he called upon to be a witness against him if he broke his oath. So his rebellion was aggravated with perjury, and horrid contempt of God. Compare Eze 17:18 . Hardened his heart, i.e. he added obstinacy and incorrigibleness to his sins.
Poole: 2Ch 36:14 - The people transgressed very much The people transgressed very much they were universally corrupt, and therefore God justly brought upon them a general destruction.
The people transgressed very much they were universally corrupt, and therefore God justly brought upon them a general destruction.
Poole: 2Ch 36:15 - Rising up betimes, and sending Rising up betimes, and sending i.e. sending them early and diligently, as a careful householder who riseth betimes about his business, and pursues it...
Rising up betimes, and sending i.e. sending them early and diligently, as a careful householder who riseth betimes about his business, and pursues it till night come. God sent them many prophets and messages, some at the very beginning of their apostacy, and others afterward, as they proceeded in their impiety, until the very day of their captivity.
Poole: 2Ch 36:16 - They mocked the messengers of God // Misused his prophets // Till there was no remedy They mocked the messengers of God of which see instances, Eze 11:3 20:49 .
Misused his prophets imprisoning and persecuting them, as they did Jerem...
They mocked the messengers of God of which see instances, Eze 11:3 20:49 .
Misused his prophets imprisoning and persecuting them, as they did Jeremiah. Or, seduced themselves by his prophets , i.e. by their prophecies, which they perverted or misconstrued. An eminent instance we have in this, that because Jeremiah prophesied that Zedekiah should be led to Babylon, Jer 32:5 , and Ezekiel, that he should not see Babylon, Eze 12:13 , therefore they believed neither, as the Hebrew writers relate.
Till there was no remedy because the people would not repent, and God would not pardon them.
Poole: 2Ch 36:17 - In the house of their sanctuary In the house of their sanctuary either in Jerusalem, which was the dwelling-place of God’ s sanctuary; or, in the house which was their sanctua...
In the house of their sanctuary either in Jerusalem, which was the dwelling-place of God’ s sanctuary; or, in the house which was their sanctuary ; as the river of Euphrates , Gen 15:18 , is the river which is Euphrates. It is probable they killed them in the very courts and house of God, to which some of them fled for refuge, such places being esteemed sacred and inviolable by the heathens themselves.
Poole: 2Ch 36:21 - Had enjoyed her sabbaths // To fulfil threescore and ten years Had enjoyed her sabbaths i.e. had rested from the labour of the husbandmen in ploughing and harrowing it, &c., the people that should have managed it...
Had enjoyed her sabbaths i.e. had rested from the labour of the husbandmen in ploughing and harrowing it, &c., the people that should have managed it being destroyed. Of the phrase, See Poole "Lev 25:2" .
To fulfil threescore and ten years that so the seventy years’ captivity prophesied of by Jeremiah might be accomplished.
Poole: 2Ch 36:22 - -- This and the next verse are repeated in the beginning of the next book, where they will be more fitly explained.
This and the next verse are repeated in the beginning of the next book, where they will be more fitly explained.
PBC -> 2Ch 36:23
PBC: 2Ch 36:23 - -- Cyrus permitted the Jews to return to Jerusalem, and issued a decree authorizing the rebuilding of the Temple. What a mighty God that we serve. He eve...
Cyrus permitted the Jews to return to Jerusalem, and issued a decree authorizing the rebuilding of the Temple. What a mighty God that we serve. He even uses the wicked for His own purposes. Other pagans have been used by God for the good of His people. The Pharaoh who reigned when Joseph rose to prominence in Egypt permitted the children of Israel to live in the land of Goshen. God can still work like that today. We would prefer to have believers in the Lord Jesus Christ to rule over us, but God can and does direct the hearts of those who are not.
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Haydock: 2Ch 36:3 - Him Him. Joachaz had attempted to defend himself, and had been conducted prisoner to Reblatha, 4 K. xxiii. 33., and Ezechiel xix. 4. He was now deposed...
Him. Joachaz had attempted to defend himself, and had been conducted prisoner to Reblatha, 4 K. xxiii. 33., and Ezechiel xix. 4. He was now deposed in from, and a tribute laid upon the people. C.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:4 - Brother Brother. From the time of David, the son had always succeeded his father. W.
Brother. From the time of David, the son had always succeeded his father. W.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:6 - Babylon Babylon, but sent him back soon after; (T.) unless he altered his first design, (D.) and slew him disgracefully at Jerusalem. Lyranus. E. C. 4 K....
Babylon, but sent him back soon after; (T.) unless he altered his first design, (D.) and slew him disgracefully at Jerusalem. Lyranus. E. C. 4 K. xxiii. 5. ---
He allowed him to reign as a vassal other three years, but took Daniel, &c. captives. The seventy years of Jeremias, (xxv. 11.) are to be dated from this event. The year of the world 3402. Usher.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:7 - The vessels // Temple The vessels. Heb. and Sept. "a part of the vessels;" probably the most precious, (v. 10) breaking the rest in pieces, as he left none behind, v. 1...
Haydock: 2Ch 36:8 - In him In him. The Jews explain this of the diabolical characters forbidden, Lev. xix. 28. Denis the Carthusian; R. Sal., &c. ---
But it may simply denot...
In him. The Jews explain this of the diabolical characters forbidden, Lev. xix. 28. Denis the Carthusian; R. Sal., &c. ---
But it may simply denote the hidden sins of the king, which God will bring to light, or his rebellious conduct. Amama) Gen. xliv. 16. C.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:9 - Eight years old Eight years old. He was associated by his father to the kingdom, when he was but eight years old; but after his father's death, when he reigned alon...
Eight years old. He was associated by his father to the kingdom, when he was but eight years old; but after his father's death, when he reigned alone, he was eighteen years old, 4 K. xxiv. 8. Ch. ---
He only enjoyed the throne three months and ten days. T. ---
We must however observe, (H.) that the Alexandrian Sept., the Syriac, and Arabic read here, eighteen. C. ---
"It is, in my opinion, a pity that the translators have not mended such apparent errata of the scribe of the present Hebrew out of 2 K. xxiv. 8., or out of Sept., or out of common sense." Wall) Kennicott ---
These eight years may be dated from the captivity, and not from the king's birth. Usher) D.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:10 - Year // Uncle Year, in spring, when kings go out to war. C. ---
Uncle. Sept. "brother of his father," which comes to the same sense, and was certainly the case...
Year, in spring, when kings go out to war. C. ---
Uncle. Sept. "brother of his father," which comes to the same sense, and was certainly the case. Heb. "his brother." Abraham indeed gives the title to his nephew, Gen. xiii. 8. C.
By God, to be faithful. T. ---
This enhances his crime. C.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:15 - Early Early. Prot. "betimes, and sending: because," &c. H. ---
Like a good master, God (T.) sent his servants to work at day-break, (H.) omitting nothin...
Early. Prot. "betimes, and sending: because," &c. H. ---
Like a good master, God (T.) sent his servants to work at day-break, (H.) omitting nothing to induce them to return to him, that he might not be forced to punish them with severity. C.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:16 - Remedy Remedy. All attempts to convert them proved in vain; (T.) and God, perceiving that they even despised his calls, became inexorable. C.
Remedy. All attempts to convert them proved in vain; (T.) and God, perceiving that they even despised his calls, became inexorable. C.
Vessels. Only a few remained, to be restored by Cyrus, v. 19. C.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:20 - Sons // Persia Sons; Evilmerodac and Baltassar. ---
Persia; Cyrus, who subdued the country.
Sons; Evilmerodac and Baltassar. ---
Persia; Cyrus, who subdued the country.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:21 - Sabbaths // Expired Sabbaths, every seventh year, Lev. xxv. 2., and xxvi. 43., and Jeremias xxv. 11., and xxix. 10. ---
Expired: not that the earth was quite neglected...
Sabbaths, every seventh year, Lev. xxv. 2., and xxvi. 43., and Jeremias xxv. 11., and xxix. 10. ---
Expired: not that the earth was quite neglected, all that time, from the third year of Joakim, the year of the world 3398 till 3468. C. ---
But it was almost: particularly after the murder of Godolias, (M.) the public worship was at a stand, &c. H. ---
During this fifth age, the true religion subsisted invariable, not only in the kingdom of Juda, but also in that of Israel. See W. H.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:22 - First First. Cyrus had ruled over Persia from the year of the world 3444. He was now emperor of the east. The year of the world 3468. C. ---
These two...
First. Cyrus had ruled over Persia from the year of the world 3444. He was now emperor of the east. The year of the world 3468. C. ---
These two verses are repeated by Esdras, which evinces that he was the author of this work also, (T.) adding them when he restored (W.) or revised (H.) the holy scriptures. W.
Haydock: 2Ch 36:23 - The Lord // Up The Lord, ( Jehova. ) In Esdras we find yehi, "Let," his God. H. ---
Up. The sentence is completed in the following book, which makes it pro...
The Lord, ( Jehova. ) In Esdras we find yehi, "Let," his God. H. ---
Up. The sentence is completed in the following book, which makes it probable that these verses are here inserted improperly, by some transcriber. The book of Chronicles, though for many ages the last in the Hebrew MSS. was, perhaps, once followed by Ezra, as in Camb. MS. 1., (Kennicott) and as it is now in the Protestant version, taken from the Hebrew. H.
Gill -> 2Ch 36:1-13; 2Ch 36:14; 2Ch 36:15; 2Ch 36:16; 2Ch 36:17; 2Ch 36:18; 2Ch 36:19; 2Ch 36:20; 2Ch 36:21; 2Ch 36:22-23
Gill: 2Ch 36:1-13 - Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah,.... Of whose reign, and of the three following, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah, and ...
Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah,.... Of whose reign, and of the three following, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah, and the account of them, from hence to the end of 2Ch 36:13, what needs explanation or reconciliation; see Gill on 2Ki 23:31, 2Ki 23:32, 2Ki 23:33, 2Ki 23:34, 2Ki 23:35, 2Ki 23:36, 2Ki 23:37, 2Ki 24:5, 2Ki 24:6, 2Ki 24:8, 2Ki 24:10, 2Ki 24:17, 2Ki 24:18
Gill: 2Ch 36:14 - Moreover, the chief of the priests, and of the people, transgressed very much after all the abominations of the Heathens // and polluted the house of the Lord, which he had hallowed in Jerusalem Moreover, the chief of the priests, and of the people, transgressed very much after all the abominations of the Heathens,.... The priests, and even th...
Moreover, the chief of the priests, and of the people, transgressed very much after all the abominations of the Heathens,.... The priests, and even the chief of them, who should have instructed the people in the duties of religion, and retained them in the pure worship of God, these were the ringleaders of idolatry, who led the people to commit all the idolatries of the Heathens round about them; and of the people, all ranks and degrees of them were corrupted with them; this was their case in several of the preceding reigns, and now a little before the destruction of them:
and polluted the house of the Lord, which he had hallowed in Jerusalem; the temple dedicated to his worship there; this they defiled, by setting up idols in it.
Gill: 2Ch 36:15 - And the Lord God of their fathers sent to them by his messengers // rising up betimes, and sending // because he had compassion on his people, and on his dwellingplace And the Lord God of their fathers sent to them by his messengers,.... The prophets of the Lord, to admonish them of their idolatries, and to reprove t...
And the Lord God of their fathers sent to them by his messengers,.... The prophets of the Lord, to admonish them of their idolatries, and to reprove them for them, to warn them of the wrath of God that would come upon them on that account, unless they repented and reformed; these were at the beginning of their apostasy, and were successively continued unto this time, as Ahijah, Elijah, and others, in the first times of it; Amos, Isaiah, and others, in the middle of it; and Jeremiah, Zephaniah, and Ezekiel, towards the close of it:
rising up betimes, and sending; which is either to be understood of the Lord, and as expressive of his care and diligence, like the master of a family, solicitous for the good of it; or of the messengers, the prophets, who made haste to go or send their prophecies and instructions to reclaim the people; the phrase is often to be met with in the prophecy of Jeremiah; see Gill on Jer 11:7,
because he had compassion on his people, and on his dwellingplace; being unwilling they should come to ruin, and perish, and their city and temple be destroyed where they dwelt.
Gill: 2Ch 36:16 - But they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words // and misused his prophets // until the wrath of the Lord arose against his people // till there was no remedy But they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words,.... Which was the treatment Jeremiah and Ezekiel frequently met with:
and misused hi...
But they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words,.... Which was the treatment Jeremiah and Ezekiel frequently met with:
and misused his prophets; imprisoned them, as Micaiah and Jeremiah were:
until the wrath of the Lord arose against his people; which burned like fire in his breast, and broke out to the consumption of them:
till there was no remedy; or healing of them; there was no reclaiming or recovering of them, no bringing them to repentance, and no pardon for them.
Gill: 2Ch 36:17 - Therefore he brought upon them the king of the Chaldees // who slew their young men with the sword, in the house of the sanctuary // and had no compassion on young man or maiden, old man, or him that stooped for age // he gave them into his hand Therefore he brought upon them the king of the Chaldees,.... Nebuchadnezzar; and though it was the rebellion of Zedekiah which was the cause and occas...
Therefore he brought upon them the king of the Chaldees,.... Nebuchadnezzar; and though it was the rebellion of Zedekiah which was the cause and occasion of his coming against them, yet it was the Lord that moved him to it, and gave him success:
who slew their young men with the sword, in the house of the sanctuary; in the temple, where they took sanctuary, imagining that sacred place would protect them from the rage of the enemy, but it did not:
and had no compassion on young man or maiden, old man, or him that stooped for age; spared none on account of age or sex, but put them all to the sword, or carried them captive:
he gave them into his hand; that is, the Lord delivered them into the hand of the king of Babylon, for their sins.
Gill: 2Ch 36:18 - And all the vessels of the house of God, great and small // and the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king and of his princes // all these he brought to Babylon And all the vessels of the house of God, great and small,.... All that were left; for some had been carried away in both the reigns preceding:
and ...
And all the vessels of the house of God, great and small,.... All that were left; for some had been carried away in both the reigns preceding:
and the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king and of his princes; which became the spoil and booty of the soldiers:
all these he brought to Babylon; the vessels were laid up there, and restored when Cyrus took it; but the treasures were no doubt in part taken for his own use, and the rest divided in the army.
Gill: 2Ch 36:19 - And they burnt the house of the Lord And they burnt the house of the Lord,.... The temple; of which, and what follows in this verse; see Gill on Jer 52:13; see Gill on Jer 52:14.
Gill: 2Ch 36:20 - And them that had escaped from the sword carried he away captive // where they were servants to him and his sons // until the reign of the kingdom of Persia And them that had escaped from the sword carried he away captive,.... The king of Babylon, or his general by his orders, excepting some poor persons l...
And them that had escaped from the sword carried he away captive,.... The king of Babylon, or his general by his orders, excepting some poor persons left to till the land, see Jer 52:15,
where they were servants to him and his sons; his son Evilmerodach, and his grandson Belshazzar; see Gill on Jer 27:7,
until the reign of the kingdom of Persia; until that monarchy began, as it did upon the taking of Babylon by Cyrus king of Persia. This is the first place we meet with this name of Persia in Scripture. The Arabic writers differ about the origin of it; some derive it from Pars the son of Arsham (Arphaxad), the son of Shem; others from Pars the son of Amur, the son of Japheth; and others say Pars was the son of Elam, the son of Shem, the son of Noah a; but Bochart b, seems to be most correct in the derivation of the word, who observes, from Xenophon c, horses were very rare in this country; and very few could ride them before the times of Cyrus, who taught his foot soldiers to ride horses; and hence it became common, so that none of the best men of the land cared to be seen on foot; yea, he made a law, that it should be reckoned infamous if any of those he had taught the art of riding were seen to go on foot, though ever so little a way; from this sudden change made in his time the people were called Persians, and the country Persia; in the Arabic language, "pharas" signifying a horse, and "pharis" a horseman; and the same writer observes, that hence it is that no mention is made of this country, in the name of Persia, by Isaiah and Jeremiah; but by Ezekiel and Daniel, who were contemporary with Cyrus; and in this book and the following historical ones, which were wrote after the Babylonish captivity, as their history shows; and that this book was, is clear from the preceding clause, as well as from the three last verses.
Gill: 2Ch 36:21 - To fulfil the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah // until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths // for as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years To fulfil the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah,.... That is, the Jews were so long servants in Babylon, as in the preceding verse, to accompl...
To fulfil the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah,.... That is, the Jews were so long servants in Babylon, as in the preceding verse, to accomplish Jeremiah's prophecy of it, 2Ch 25:12.
until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths; the sabbatical years, or seventh year sabbaths, which, according to the law of the land, was to rest from being tilled, Lev 25:4, which law had been neglected by the Jews, and now, whether they would or not, the land should have rest for want of persons to till it:
for as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years; as threatened in Lev 26:34 on which text Jarchi observes, that at the destruction of the first temple the law concerning the sabbath, or rest of the land had been neglected four hundred and thirty years, in which space were sixty nine sabbatical years; and, according to Maimonides d, it was at the end of a sabbatic year that the city and temple were destroyed, and so just seventy years had been neglected, and the land was tilled in them as in other years, and now it had rest that exact number of years; but of this we cannot be certain, though it is probable.
Gill: 2Ch 36:22-23 - Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia,.... These two verses are the same with which the next book, the book of Ezra, begins, where they will b...
Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia,.... These two verses are the same with which the next book, the book of Ezra, begins, where they will be explained; and these two books, the one ending and the other beginning with the same words, is a strong presumption, that one and the same person, Ezra, is the writer of them both; or rather, as a learned e writer conjectures, these two verses are added by some transcriber, who, having finished the book of Chronicles at verse twenty one went on with the book of Ezra, without any stop; but, perceiving his mistake, broke off abruptly; for so it is plain these verses conclude; however, this shows, as the same writer observes, that the book of Ezra followed that of the Chronicles, in the Hebrew copies, though it now does not.